THE PAST SIMPLE TENSE navadni preteklik RABA Past

THE PAST SIMPLE TENSE navadni preteklik

RABA Past simple uporabljamo, ko želimo opisati dogodke, ki so se zgodili v preteklosti. Dogodki so se zaključili v preteklosti in nič več ne trajajo. Zgodili so se enkrat in se ne ponavljajo, čas dogodkov je znan.

PRISLOVNA DOLOČILA ČASA: • • • yesterday three weeks ago last year in 2002 from March to June for a long time for 6 weeks in the 1980 s in the last century in the past

KAKO GA TVORIMO? Tvorimo ga tako, da glagol postavimo v preteklik (past simple): PRESENT SIMPLE (sedanjik) She is 15 years old. (Stara je 15 let. ) PAST SIMPLE (preteklik) She was 15 years old. (Stara je bila 15 let. )

GLAGOL BITI: EDNINA 1. I was (jaz sem bil) 2. you were (ti si bil) 3. he was (on je bil) she was (ona je bila) it was (ono je bilo) She was 15. Was she 15? She wasn’t 15. MNOŽINA 1. we were (mi smo bili) 2. you were (vi ste bili) 3. they were (oni so bili) They were happy. Were they happy? They weren’t happy.

PRAVILNI GLAGOLI: Past simple pri ostalih glagolih (pravilnih) tvorimo tako, da glagolu dodamo končnico -ed. play – played dance – danced call – called Mary played the flute. Did Mary play the flute? Mary didn’t play the flute.

POSEBNOSTI PRI ZAPISU PRAVILNIH GLAGOLOV: • če se glagol konča na –e, glagolu dodamo le –d: change – changed Suzy changed her hairstyle last week. • če se glagol konča na –y, pred njim pa je soglasnik, opustimo –y ter ga nadomestimo z –i ter dodamo – ed: study – studied Dan studied a lot for this test. • če se glagol konča na –y, pred njim pa je samoglasnik, glagolu dodamo – ed: play – played Sharon played football for 3 hours on the weekend.

• Pravila o podvojitvi zadnje črke: ü Če se glagol konča takole: soglasnik-samoglasniksoglasnik, podvojimo zadnji soglasnik (en zlog) stop – stopped We stopped at the store to get some gasoline. ü Če se glagol konča na črke: h, w, x, y podvojitve NI fix – fixed Sam fixed the note to the board.

NEPRAVILNI GLAGOLI: Nekateri glagoli v angleščini so namreč drugačni od pravilnih glagolov, lahko bi jih poimenovali tudi izjeme. V pretekliku (past simple) imajo drugačne oblike, tako da preteklika ne tvorimo s končnico -ed, pač pa uporabimo 2. obliko glagolov s tabele.

NEKAJ PRIMEROV: 1. oblika INFINITIVE 2. oblika PAST SIMPLE 3. oblika PAST PARTICIPLE slovenski prevod catch caught ujeti go went gone iti know knew known vedeti say said reči write wrote written pisati read brati be was, were been biti

PRIMER: • trdilni stavek: My sister went to bed. (glagol je v 2. obliki) • vprašalni stavek: Did my sister go to bed? (DID + glagol v 1. obliki) • nikalni stavek: My sister didn’t go to bed. (DIDN’T + glagol v 1. obliki)

VPRAŠALNICE: My aunt wrote a letter yesterday. Did my aunt write a letter yesterday? My aunt didn’t write a letter yesterday. WHAT did my aunt write yesterday? WHEN did my aunt write a letter? WHY did my aunt write a letter? WHO wrote a letter yesterday?