The Ovarian Cycle HypothalamicPituitaryOvarian Axis The Follicular Phase

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The Ovarian Cycle

The Ovarian Cycle

Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Ovarian Axis

Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Ovarian Axis

The Follicular Phase

The Follicular Phase

HYPOTHALAMUS Gn. RH ANTERIOR PITUITARY FSH LH OVARY Follicle Estrogens

HYPOTHALAMUS Gn. RH ANTERIOR PITUITARY FSH LH OVARY Follicle Estrogens

Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) • Stimulates growth of follicles • Follicles produce ESTROGEN (Estradiol)

Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) • Stimulates growth of follicles • Follicles produce ESTROGEN (Estradiol)

Follicular Development

Follicular Development

OVULATION

OVULATION

OVULATION

OVULATION

Ovulation

Ovulation

The Luteal Phase

The Luteal Phase

What is Estrogen Doing? • Stimulates growth of cells in the lining of the

What is Estrogen Doing? • Stimulates growth of cells in the lining of the uterus, the cervix and the vagina • Causes breast to be more receptive to progesterone • Causes changes in cervical mucous

Changes in Cervix and Cervical Mucous Around ovulation: • Cervix opens • Fibers line

Changes in Cervix and Cervical Mucous Around ovulation: • Cervix opens • Fibers line up under influence of estrogen permitting sperm to get through

Changes in Cervix and Cervical Mucous After ovulation • Cervix closes • Fibers of

Changes in Cervix and Cervical Mucous After ovulation • Cervix closes • Fibers of mucous tangle up

What about Progesterone? • Secreted by the Corpus Luteum after ovulation

What about Progesterone? • Secreted by the Corpus Luteum after ovulation

What about Progesterone? • Helps with the functioning of lining of the uterus (in

What about Progesterone? • Helps with the functioning of lining of the uterus (in preparation for fertilization) • Prepares breasts for possible pregnancy • Signals the pituitary to stop producing LH

What Triggers Menstruation? • No fertilization • Corpus Luteum regresses after about 12 days

What Triggers Menstruation? • No fertilization • Corpus Luteum regresses after about 12 days • Progesterone & estrogen products drop off sharply • Endometrium sloughs off

What happens if fertilization does occur? • Corpus luteum remains active • Progesterone levels

What happens if fertilization does occur? • Corpus luteum remains active • Progesterone levels remain high • • uterine lining remains strong Implantation occurs h. CG from fetus takes over

What is the hormonal signature of the…. Follicular phase 1. 2. 3. 4. Low

What is the hormonal signature of the…. Follicular phase 1. 2. 3. 4. Low E, low P High E levels, low P levels High LH, decreasing E, low P

What is the hormonal signature of the…. Luteal phase 1. 2. 3. 4. Low

What is the hormonal signature of the…. Luteal phase 1. 2. 3. 4. Low E, low P High E levels, low P levels High LH, decreasing E, low P

What is the hormonal signature of the…. First day of menstrual bleeding 1. 2.

What is the hormonal signature of the…. First day of menstrual bleeding 1. 2. 3. 4. Low E, low P High E levels, low P levels High LH, decreasing E, low P

What is the hormonal signature of the…. Peri-ovulatory period 1. 2. 3. 4. Low

What is the hormonal signature of the…. Peri-ovulatory period 1. 2. 3. 4. Low E, low P High E levels, low P levels High LH, decreasing E, low P