The Ottoman Empire Who and Where Turkish tribe

The Ottoman Empire

Who and Where ●Turkish tribe in Anatolia �Proclaimed independence from Seljuk Turks in mid-1300 s ●Expanded under chief Osman into Byzantine territory

Rise of the Ottoman Turks ●Early Spread of Ottomans �Professional military under janissary corps �Mastery of firearms (cannons and muskets) �Expansion into the Balkans (SE Europe)

An empire formed by outside conquerors who unified their conquered regions due to their mastery of firearms – “gunpowder empire”

Fall of the Byzantine Empire ●Mehmed II conquers Constantinople in 1453 ●Constantinople becomes I’stanbul

Peak of Ottoman Power ●Suleyman the Lawgiver (1520 -66) �Conquers Mesopotamia, North Africa, and central Europe �Stopped in central Europe (modern Austria) �Waged wars and became most powerful leader on earth ● Empire governed efficiently by dividing into provinces and electing governors

Ottoman Government Imperial Sultans ●Sultan dwelled in the harem or “sacred place” o. Son (not necessarily eldest) succeeded the father Centralized administrative system caused the sultan to become increasingly isolated from his people ●Grand vizier dealt with main burdens of the state and lead council meetings. ●Pashas Collected taxes and maintained law and order