The Optical Spectrum of Thiozone S 3 Damian

The Optical Spectrum of Thiozone, S 3 Damian L. Kokkin Michael C. Mc. Carthy Patrick Thaddeus NASA and NSF

Io and sulfur rich systems • Io, the inner most of the Galilean moons of Jupiter, is known as the most volcanically active environment in the solar system. • As a result of this activity the atmosphere and surface of Io are known to be rich in sulfur containing molecules; to date diatomic sulfur (S 2), SO and sulfur dioxide (SO 2) detected and mapped in absorption and emission with a combination of satellite and ground based observations 2, 3, 4. • S 3 and S 4 have been proposed to be responsible for the optical spectrum observed of Io’s atmosphere with features in the blue-green region, but to date no high resolution optical spectra exist. Composite image from the robotic Galileo spacecraft that orbited Jupiter from 1995 to 2003 of Io showing two different volcanic plumes. 1 1. NASA/JPL 2. J. R. Spencer, K. L. Jessup, M. A. Mc. Grath, G. E. Ballester, R. Yelle, Science, 288, 1208 -1210, 2000 3. A. Moullet, Cfa SMA Science Symposium 2009 4. A. Moullet, E. Lellouch, R. Moreno, M. A. Gurwell and C. Morre, A&A, 482, 279 -292, 2008

Past S 3 R. I. Billmers and A. L. Smith, J. Phys. Chem. 1991, 95, 4242 B. Meyer, T. Stroyer-Hansen, AND T. V. Oommen, J. MOL. SPEC. 1972, 42, 335

The Experiment • Discharge 1. 5 k. V and 2. 5 k. Ohm. • 5% H 2 S in Ne • Probed via 2 C-R 2 PITOFMS

The Results S 3 S 2 Cu H 2 S

The Results h f c e a d b g

Band Assignment Band Wavelength (cm-1) Δλ (cm-1) Assignment a 23052. 1527 - 0 00 b 23404. 1286 351. 9759 1ν 1 c 23534. 6984 482. 5457 1ν 2 d 23754. 827 702. 6743 2ν 1 e 23884. 4788 832. 3261 1ν 1+1ν 2 f 23998. 1869 946. 0342 2ν 2 g 24101. 0161 1048. 8634 3ν 1 h 24221. 8082 1169. 6555 2ν 1+1ν 2 ν 1 = Symmetric ν 2 = Symmetric bend stretch

The Future • Measure the mass selective spectrum of S 4 in the green and region via a discharge of S 8. • Perform observations on Io and other expected sulfur rich systems as the Rotten Egg Nebula

S 8 Discharge in Ne

The Future • Measure the mass selective spectrum of S 4 in the green and region via a discharge of S 8. • Perform observations on Io and other expected sulfur rich systems as the Rotten Egg Nebula NASA/ESA & Valentin Bujarrabal (Observatorio Astronomico Nacional, Spain)