The Olympic Games Chapter 9 Olympia Olympic Games

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The Olympic Games Chapter 9

The Olympic Games Chapter 9

 • • • Olympia Olympic Games Olympiad Dromos Athlos Sacred Truce Heraea Pancratium

• • • Olympia Olympic Games Olympiad Dromos Athlos Sacred Truce Heraea Pancratium Milo of Crotono Key Terms • Palaistra • • Macedonia Pentathlon Panhellenic Pythian Games Amphora Theodosius I Baron Pierre de Coubertin

 • Greeks held many festivals to honor the gods and goddesses • Most

• Greeks held many festivals to honor the gods and goddesses • Most well-known was held in Olympia to honor Zeus • Came to be known as the Olympic Games • • First held in July, 776 B. C. E. Took place regularly for one thousand years Four year period between festivals known as an Olympiad Helped date other important historical events The Olympic Games

 • The dromos was the only athletic event at Zeus’s festival • Dromos

• The dromos was the only athletic event at Zeus’s festival • Dromos is a 186 -yard sprint, back and forth across a field • Coroebos was the first winner • More events added over time • Athlos = contest • Olympic Games included athletics, religious ceremonies, and literary presentations over a five-day period The Evolution of the Olympic Games

 • Sacred Truce • Any fighting occurring during the time of the Olympics

• Sacred Truce • Any fighting occurring during the time of the Olympics stopped • Athletes could travel safely to and from Olympia • Other Olympic Facts • Participants had to be Greek • Women could not attend – why? • They created their own games, called the Heraea The Evolution of the Olympic Games, continued

 • Running events were held in the stadium • Starting and finish lines

• Running events were held in the stadium • Starting and finish lines with history’s first starting blocks • Why was the track 600 ft. long? The Stadium

 • Discus • Javelin • Wrestling • Took place in the palaistra •

• Discus • Javelin • Wrestling • Took place in the palaistra • Upright wrestling • Ground wrestling • Boxing The Other Events

 • Standing broad jump • 1200 ft. dash • Pancratium • A free-for-all

• Standing broad jump • 1200 ft. dash • Pancratium • A free-for-all fight (no biting or gouging of eyes, though!) • Milo of Crotono won this event seven times! • Chariot racing • Horse races • Macedonia – importance? • Pentathlon • Means “five contests” – 200 yd. dash, discus, long jump, javelin, wrestling The Other Events, continued

 • Rules were important • Athletes recited an oath at the altar of

• Rules were important • Athletes recited an oath at the altar of Zeus • Judges also promised to not accept bribes • If you or your city were found guilty of breaking a rule, you were eliminated and had to pay a fine • Money raised was used for copper statues of Zeus, called Zanes • Plural of Zeus in the local dialect • The location of these statues was no coincidence: the athletes had to pass them when going to the running track Good Sportsmanship

 • Procession of champions marched to the Temple of Zeus • Winners received

• Procession of champions marched to the Temple of Zeus • Winners received wild olive branches • Had a feast; meat from sacrificed animals • Champions welcomed home with fanfare • • Placed wreath on altar of patron deity Received a banquet Statues made in their honor Poets wrote odes about them Good Sportsmanship, continued

 • Panhellenic games – open to all Greeks • Pythian Games • In

• Panhellenic games – open to all Greeks • Pythian Games • In honor of Apollo – where were they held? • Also held every four years, in the middle of the Olympiad • How were they different from the Olympics? • Nemean Games • Winners received wreaths made of wild parsley or celery • Isthmian Games in Corinth • In honor of Poseidon; victors received wreaths of pine needles • Panathenaic Games in Athens • Winners received an amphora w/olive oil • Amphora was decorated with their event Other Games

 • Ancient Olympics ended in 394 C. E. • The Romans were in

• Ancient Olympics ended in 394 C. E. • The Romans were in power • Theodosius I stopped the Games – why? • Arenas and stadiums crumbled • Ruins at Olympia uncovered in 1875 • Baron Pierre de Coubertin • French nobleman • Worked to have the games revived • Games began again in 1896 The Revival of the Olympic Games

 • Traditions from ancient Olympics still honored • Lighting the Olympic flame •

• Traditions from ancient Olympics still honored • Lighting the Olympic flame • Sportsmanship • Some of the same events in the summer games • • Discus Javelin Pentathlon Wrestling Modern Olympics

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Where is Olympia? Why did the first Olympic

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Where is Olympia? Why did the first Olympic Games take place? Describe the stadium at Olympia. What was the pancratium? Describe the racing events at the games. What cultural events took place at the games? https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=K 8 zt. Mlmav. Bw HW Questions