The Ocean is much much deeper than anything

The Ocean is much, much deeper than anything on land is high…

Did you know? ● There is still much we don't know about the ocean depths that makes being a scientist in this exciting field such an adventure. ● New creatures are still being discovered every day! ● There are more species in the ocean there are on the entire surface of the land….

There are…… 3 Zones! ● Scientists have organized the sea ● Surface into layers/zones because the living Zone environment changes with each ● Transition different layer. ● Each layer is usually distinguished by the amount of sunlight it receives, the depths it occupies, temperature, salinity, and the degree of water pressure found there. Zone ● Deep Zone

Our first stop along the way… From the surface to about 200 meters down… ● LOTS of life ● Producers: phytoplankton → access to SUN! ● Consumers: Small and large fish, oxygen-breathing mammals ● Intertidal zone: Located near the shoreline, find clams and other mollusks

● This allows producers that use photosynthesis to grow here. ● Kelp ● Seaweed ● Algae ● MOST OF THE LIVING THINGS IN THE OCEAN LIVE HERE!

● Lots of animals live here:

In the Middle… ● Less light here. It’s getting much darker and colder. ● Fewer living things because there’s little light for photosynthesis.

Deepest, darkest… ● Called the “Midnight Zone” because there is NO light. ●Life that exists relies on dead organisms from higher levels. ●The organic “rainfall” includes dead microscopic organisms, such as phytoplankton and bacteria, and carcasses of larger organisms sinking down to the sea bed. ●The organisms have adapted to the harsh environment.

Temperature and Salinity… Warm Cold BRRR!!

What makes water unhealthy? ? Healthy Unhealthy • No/Low turbidity (clear water) • Neutral p. H levels (7) • High dissolved oxygen = cold water • Many bioindicators are present • Low levels of nitrates • High turbidity (dirty, cloudy) • High (8 -14) or low levels of p. H (0 -6) • Low dissolved oxygen = hot water • Low or no bioindicators • High levels of nitrates = fertilizer = algal blooms

Water Contamination ● 2. 5 billion people do not have access to clean water. ● 250 million people worldwide get diseases from contaminated water ● 15 million children under the age of 5 die every year due to water contamination.

World Health EPIDEMIC An outbreak of a disease that affects many people in an area Ex. flu, malaria, PANDEMIC An outbreak of a disease that spreads across countries, usually worldwide Ex. Swine Flu, Ebola, Black