The Nervous System Central Nervous System Peripheral Nervous
- Slides: 32
The Nervous System Central Nervous System Peripheral Nervous System
Organs of the Nervous System • The nervous system consists of: – brain – spinal cord – nerves – neurons – sense organs
The Neuron
The Brain
Functions of the Nervous System • Your nervous system is a communications network – Receiving information – Responding to stimuli – Maintaining homeostasis
Receiving Information • Because of your nervous system, you are aware of what is happening in the environment around you • Your brain is also aware of your internal conditions like temperature and glucose level
Responding to Stimuli • After receiving information, your nervous system analyzes the data and causes a response – Putting your hand in front of your face if a ball is coming at you – Increasing your heart rate when exercising
Maintaining Homeostasis • The nervous system maintains homeostasis by directing the body to respond correctly to the information it receives – When you are hungry, your brain tells you to eat
Central Nervous System • The control center of the body • Composed of your: – Brain – controls most functions – Spinal Cord – thick column of nerve tissue that links the brain to nerves in the peripheral nervous system
Brain • The brain contains 100 million neurons • The skull, layers of connective tissue, and fluid protect the brain from injury • The brain is composed of three main parts – Cerebrum – Cerebellum – Brain stem
Cerebrum • Largest part of the brain – reads input from the senses – controls skeletal muscles – In charge of learning, remembering and making judgments
Cerebrum • Right side – controls left side of body – controls creativity and artistic ability • Left side – controls right side of body – Controls math, speech, writing, and logic
Cerebellum • Second largest part of your brain • Coordinates actions of your muscles • Helps you keep your balance
Brain Stem • Lies between the cerebellum and spinal cord • Controls involuntary actions – Breathing – Heartbeat
Spinal Cord • The link between your brain and peripheral nervous system • Protected by bone, connective tissue and fluid
Peripheral Nervous System • Consists of a network of nerves that branch out from the central nervous system • Made up of 43 pairs of nerves – 12 begin in the brain – 31 begin in the spinal cord • One nerve in each pair goes to the right side and one to the left
The Neuron • Neurons are cells that carry information around your body • Nerve impulse - The message a neuron carries
The Neuron • The cell body of the neuron has two extensions – Dendrite – carries impulses to the cell body – Axon – carries impulses away from the cell body • The nerve impulse begins in the dendrite, moves to the cell body then moves down the axon
The Neuron signal goes from axon to dendrite
Kinds of Neurons • Different kinds of neurons perform different functions – Sensory neurons – Interneurons – Motor neurons
Sensory Neuron • Picks up stimuli from the internal or external environment and converts each stimulus into a nerve impulse • The impulse travels along the sensory neuron until it reaches an interneuron in the brain or spinal cord • sensory impulse travels at 76. 2 m/s
Interneuron • Neuron that carries nerve impulses from one neuron to another • Can pass stimuli from sensory neuron to motor neuron
Motor Neuron • Send an impulse to a muscle and the muscle contracts in response • Motor impulse travels at 119 m/s
How a Nerve Impulse Travels • Millions of nerve impulses travel your body each day • The nerve impulse travels along the neuron in the form of electrical and chemical signals
How a Nerve Impulse Travels • There are tiny spaces or synapses between a neuron and the next structure • A nerve impulse must jump this gap • Axon tips release a neurotransmitter that allows the impulse to travel the gap
How a Nerve Impulse Travels Drugs and alcohol can affect the neurotransmitters • alcohol increases reaction time • depressants, like marijuana also increase reaction time • stimulants, like meth, decrease reaction time
The Path of a Nerve Impulse
Reflex • A reflex is an automatic response that occurs very rapidly and without conscious control • Reflexes protect us from pain and injury
Reflexes
Body systems that work with the nervous system; • The nervous system works with every system in the body
Comparing Cells to the Body • The cell part that controls the cell is the nucleus
- Major divisions
- Central and peripheral nervous system
- Ganglion peripheral nervous system
- Peripheral nervous system
- Nervous system divisions
- Peripheral nervous system consists of
- Peripheral nervous system consists of
- Peripheral nervous system
- Peripheral nervous system
- Pns nervous system
- Peripheral nervous system
- Migranal
- Identify each type of neuronal pool
- Nervous
- Neuronal pools are collections of
- Peripheral nervous sysytem
- Central nervous system amusement park
- Central nervous system spinal nerves
- Nervous tissue
- Central auditory nervous system
- Chemical synapses
- Central nervous system for kids
- Romberg rest
- Central.route persuasion
- Pituitary hypoplexy
- Peripheral vs central vertigo
- Vertigo peripheral vs central
- Central and peripheral routes to persuasion
- Foot in door phenomenon example
- Smofkabiven peripheral vs central
- Central tolerance and peripheral tolerance
- Puberty girl
- Central and peripheral route to persuasion