The Napoleonic Era I Napoleon Bonaparte A B
The Napoleonic Era
I. ) Napoleon Bonaparte A. B. C. D. General by age 26 Great organizational skills Military/Political Smarts Married Josephine de Beauharnais in 1796
II. ) Napoleonic Wars A. Wars that France fought from 1796 to 1815 B. Fought Austria, Sardinia, Italy, and Britain in Egypt Outcome: Victories on the battlefield lead to rise of Napoleon’s popularity at home in France
III. ) Napoleon as Dictator A. In 1799: 1. Directory lost support of the French people 2. stages a coup d'état B. Turn the government over to Napoleon 1. rules as dictator 2. First Consul 3. new constitution
IV. ) Napoleon as First Consulate The Economy Government/ Society Religion Napoleon’s Action - Fair Tax Code - National Bank - Stabilized Currency - State Loans to businesses -Officials appointed by merit -Corrupt officials fired -Created public schools (lycees) -Law Codes (Napoleonic Code) -“Catholic” official faith of France - Church and State - Church lands remain w/France Results of Napoleon’s Actions - Equal Taxation - Stable Economy -Better officials -Equal opportunity -Public education -Religious tolerance -Govt. control of church lands -Recognition of church influence
V. ) Napoleon Creates an Empire A. In 1804 Napoleon declares himself Emperor B. Goal: spread ideas of French Revolution
C. Goal: build a French Empire across the world Outcome: Creates largest empire in Europe since the Romans
VI. ) The Fall of Napoleon A. Napoleon's Empire Falls: 1. Britain: Battle of Trafalgar- 1805 Naval battle 1805 in which the British Navy lead by Horatio Nelson defeat French 2. Russia: Invasion of Russia- 1812 Russia uses the “Scorched-Earth Policy” to defeat French Outcome: Other countries begin to rise up against France
E. Britain, Russia, Sweden, and Prussia join forces against him and invade France Outcome: - April 1814 gives up throne - Sent to exile on island of Elba off coast of Italy
VII. ) Napoleon’s Comeback A. Louis XVIII returns to Paris to rule as King of France 1. Unpopular B. Napoleon escapes March 1, 1815 1. Re-gains support of Paris, France and army C. European allies came together to confront Napoleon 1. Battle of Waterloo- Napoleon defeated by allied forces on June 15, 1815
Outcome: - Napoleon shipped to St. Helena in S. Pacific - Napoleon dies in 1821
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