The Molecules Around Me by Johnny Simmons Mountain

The Molecules Around Me by Johnny Simmons

Mountain Berry Blast Powerade • Category: Food/nutritional supplements (A) • Powerade is a sports drink that can help you hydrate during intense activities, such as sports. Mountain Berry Blast is a flavor of Powerade. • 5 ingredients in Mountain Berry Blast Powerade: • • • Citric acid Magnesium chloride Calcium chloride Mono-potassium phosphate Sucrose acetate isobutyrate

Citric Acid C 6 H 8 O 7 • Citric Acid is an organic compound because it occurs naturally in citric fruits. • Citric acid has a sour flavor and is commonly used as a food preservative. It also can act as a water softener because it breaks down trace amounts of metal. Many household cleaners contain some citric acid to help treat hard water stains. Citric acid is in Powerade because of both its flavor and preservative properties.

Magnesium Chloride Mg. Cl 2 • Magnesium chloride is an organic compound because it occurs naturally in the body. • Magnesium chloride is very useful when used to treat humans with magnesium deficiency. It is one of the best forms of magnesium to use for those who need magnesium because it is highly soluble. Magnesium is highly essential to bodily functions and is used in over 300 biochemical reactions, so magnesium chloride is necessary to deliver this highly important mineral efficiently. Magnesium chloride is in Powerade to provide magnesium to the body of those who consume Powerade.

Calcium Chloride Ca. Cl 2 • Calcium chloride is an inorganic compound because it is taken from limestone and then processed to synthetically form a new chemical. • Calcium chloride is a salt with many different useful properties. Calcium chloride can be described as “thirsty” because it draws moisture from the air. It is used to control snow and ice on sidewalks and roads. It can also be used to suppress dust on unpaved surfaces. There also have been innovative new uses of it in oilfield operations, agriculture, water treatment, and in other ways. Calcium chloride is an electrolyte, which is why it is in Powerade.

Mono-Potassium Phosphate H 2 KO 4 P • Mono-potassium phosphate is an inorganic compound because it is manufactured. • Mono-potassium phosphate is used as a medicine to treat or prevent deficiencies and to increase the effectiveness of an antibiotic called methenamine. It will also reduce the amount of calcium in your urine. Monopotassium phosphate is also in Powerade because it is an electrolyte. Powerade contains electrolytes in order to maintain the best concentration of electrolytes in the consumer’s body.

Sucrose Acetate Isobutyrate C 40 H 62 O 19 • Sucrose acetate isobutyrate is an inorganic compound because it is synthetically manufactured. • Sucrose acetate isobutyrate is used as an additive in many beverages. It is used in beverages that are both carbonated and noncarbonated, but it is not used in alcoholic drinks. It is in Powerade because it adds a heavier consistency to substances and prevents the separation of ingredients. It also stabilizes flavor, although it does not have a flavor by itself.

Mucinex DM • Category: Healthcare/medicinal products (B) • Mucinex DM is an expectorant drug used to assist the bringing up of phlegm from the airways. Mucinex DM provides relief for the wet or dry cough, and it also loosens and thins mucus. • 5 ingredients in Mucinex DM : • • • Dextromethorphan (active ingredient) Guaifenesin (active ingredient) Magnesium stearate Microcrystalline cellulose Sodium starch glycolate

Dextromethorphan (active ingredient) C 18 H 25 NO • Dextromethorphan is an inorganic compound because it is described as a synthetic substance on a website used during research, written by the University of Maryland. • Dextromethorphan is a cough suppressant affecting signals in the brain which trigger the cough reflex. Dextromethorphan is the most commonly used drug to treat a cough, usually from the common cold. Side effects are uncommon with this drug, but when used in doses higher than recommended, blurred vision, confusion, difficulty in urination, drowsiness, nausea or severe vomiting, shakiness, slowed breathing, and unusual irritability may occur. It is very important not to abuse this drug. It is in Mucinex DM because it is the best chemical known to suppress coughs.

Guaifenesin (active ingredient) C 10 H 14 O 4 • Guaifenesin itself is an inorganic compound, but similar medicines, derived from the guaiac tree were used historically by American indigenous people. • Guaifenesin is the main active ingredient in Mucinex DM. It is an expectorant, which means it helps bring up phlegm. It also helps loosen congestion in your chest and throat, which makes it easier to cough out of your mouth. It is in Mucinex DM because it is the best chemical known to rid the throat of phlegm, as well as loosen congestion.

Magnesium Stearate Mg(C 18 H 35 O 2)2 • Magnesium stearate is an organic compound because it can be derived from both plant and animal sources. • Magnesium stearate, also known as octadecanoic acid, is often used in pharmaceutical drugs to dilute the substance. It is also useful in helping prevent ingredients in these drugs from sticking to the equipment in the manufacturing process. These reasons are why it is in Mucinex DM. It is generally regarded as safe by the FDA, but there is some controversy because it has been discovered that the cottonseed oil, which is hydrogenated and added to stearic acid to form magnesium stearate, contains very high content of pesticide residues.

Microcrystalline Cellulose C 6 H 10 O 5 • Microcrystalline cellulose is an inorganic compound because it has to be refined. • Microcrystalline cellulose is refined wood pulp. It basically does nothing in the body and has no effect when ingested. In large quantities, however, it provides dietary bulk and could possibly lead to a laxative effect. It can be used in drugs, such as Mucinex DM, to dilute, or thin/weaken a liquid so it can be compacted into a hard tablet with less force.

Sodium Starch Glycolate C 24 H 44 O 6 Na • Sodium starch glycolate is an inorganic compound because it is manufactured by the carboxmethylation of starch. • Sodium starch glycolate is an excipient, which means it is an inactive ingredient in Mucinex DM, and its only purpose is to serve as a medium for the drug. Sodium starch glycolate absorbs water rapidly, which leads to swelling which helps with rapid disintegration of tablets. It helps the tablets in Mucinex DM dissolve properly and increases the effectiveness by moderating the amounts of each ingredient absorbed.

Windex • Category: Personal Hygiene and Cleaning Products (C) • Windex is a glass/hard surface cleaning solution. Windex cleans and leaves a streak-free shine on the surface. • 5 ingredients in Windex: • • • Isopropyl Alcohol 2 -hexoxyethanol Ammonium hydroxide Propylene glycol Sodium c 14 -17 sec-alkyl sulfonate

Isopropyl Alcohol C 3 H 8 O or C 3 H 7 OH • Isopropyl alcohol is inorganic because it is made by scientists when they combine water and propene in a hydrogen reaction. • Isopropyl alcohol, also known as rubbing alcohol, is a colorless, flammable chemical used for many different cleaning purposes. It evaporates almost immediately, which makes it ideal for cleaning things like electronic components, because there is little risk of liquid damage. It is actually used as a carrier in Windex, which means it enables the other chemicals to be mixed into it and they are carried in it. It aids in the delivery of the cleaning agents.

2 -Hexoxyethanol C 8 H 18 O 2 • 2 -Hexoxyethanol is an inorganic compound. • 2 -Hexoxyethanol is a cleaning agent which surrounds dirt particles in order to make it easier for them to be rinsed away. It is in Windex so that it, combined with some other cleaning agents, can be efficient in cleaning surfaces.

Ammonium Hydroxide NH 4 OH • Ammonium hydroxide is an organic compound because it can be found in air, dirt and water. • Ammonium hydroxide, sometimes referred to as just ammonia, is actually a solution of ammonia in water. It is used as a cleaning agent which breaks down dirt and deposits. It can also be used to adjust p. H levels and stabilize a compound. It is used to make Windex more acidic, so that it will clean more effienctly. It also has other small properties that make it really effective in Windex.

Propylene Glycol C 3 H 8 O 2 • Propylene glycol is an organic compound because it contains carbon, which is found in living organisms. • Propylene glycol is a syrupy liquid used as a carrier in Windex. It is an effective humectant, which means it can retain moisture well. It is a solvent and has anti-fungal and anti-microbial properties, which makes it ideal as a carrier, and it works as a preservative at the same time.

Sodium c 14 -17 Sec-Alkyl Sulfonate C 14 H 29 Na. O 3 S • Sodium c 14 -17 sec-alkyl sulfonate • Sodium c 14 -17 sec-alkyl sulfonate is used in Windex as a wetting agent which helps Windex spread across a surface. This makes cleaning more efficient because the chemical is spread more thin, and less of the chemical is used. It also can be used as a foaming agent in household cleaning and person care products such as shampoo.

Sources Used for Powerade *Green indicates that an image found at this URL was used in the presentation* • http: //starimporters. com/drinks-beverages/powerade-32 ozmountain-berry-blast-15 ct-case. html • • http: //www. chemspider. com/Chemical-Structure. 305. html • • http: //foodreference. about. com/od/Food-Additives/a/What-Is- • Citric-Acid. htm • http: //www. livestrong. com/article/138579 -uses-citric-acid/ • http: //www. drugs. com/sfx/citric-acid-sodium-citrate-side- • effects. html • • http: //www. mpbio. com/images/product-images/molecular- • structure/04800680. png • http: //pubchem. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/compound/Magnogene#sect • • • http: //www. coca-colacompany. com/brands/productdescriptions#powerade ion=Top http: //www. ancient-minerals. com/magnesium-chloride/ http: //www. drugs. com/sfx/magnesium-chloride-sideeffects. html http: //drsircus. com/medicine/magnesium-chloride -benefits • http: //www. oxy. com/Our. Businesses/Chemicals/Products/Page s/Calcium. Chloride. aspx http: //www. chemspider. com/Chemical-Structure. 23237. html http: //www. drugs. com/sfx/calcium-chloride-side-effects. html http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Calcium_chloride http: //www. myspicesage. com/media/catalog/product/cache/1/i mage/600 x 600/9 df 78 eab 33525 d 08 d 6 e 5 fb 8 d 27136 e 95/c/a/calci um_chloride. jpg http: //www. chemspider. com/Chemical-Structure. 22914. html http: //mubychem. com/Monopotassium%20 Phosphate. jpg http: //www. livestrong. com/article/464572 -what-is-potassiumphosphate-used-for/ http: //www. chemspider. com/Chemical. Structure. 2016849. html? rid=79984875 -5 a 97 -49 db-92716 d 534 becdfb 4 http: //www. livestrong. com/article/467334 -what-is-sucroseacetate-isobutyrate/

Sources Used for Mucinex DM *Green indicates that an image found at this URL was used in the presentation* • • • http: //www. drugs. com/sfx/mucinex-dm-side-effects. html http: //www. drugs. com/inactive/magnesium-stearate-147. html http: //www. drugs. com/mtm/mucinex-dm. html • • http: //www. mucinex. com/products/cough-chestcongestion/mucinex-dm/ • • http: //www. drugs. com/sfx/dextromethorphan-sideeffects. html http: //www. drugs. com/inactive/microcrystalline-cellulose 48. html • • • http: //www. cesar. umd. edu/cesar/drugs/dxm. asp http: //www. mpbio. com/images/product-images/molecular -structure/02191499. png • http: //www. drugs. com/inactive/sodium-starch-glycolate 128. html • http: //www. vasapharmachem. com/product/excipient/sodi um-starch-glycollate-potato-bp. aspx • http: //www. livestrong. com/article/127791 -sodium-starchglycolate/ • https: //www. medicinescomplete. com/mc/excipients/2012/i mages/Excsodium_starch_glycolate. C 001_default. png • http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Dextromethorphan http: //www. drugs. com/guaifenesin. html http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Guaifenesin http: //2. bp. blogspot. com/-q 9 BPen. He. HA/Um. IRLjl. WNe. I/AAAAE 8 s/L 08 Cm. GD 50 W 4/s 1600/pharmatutor-art-2030 -8. png http: //proactolfans. com/wpcontent/uploads/2013/03/magnesium_stearate. png http: //www. livestrong. com/article/37138 -side-effectsmagnesium-stearate-/

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