THE MISSIONARIES Protestants Catholics and Mormons Missionaries Henry

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THE MISSIONARIES Protestants, Catholics, and Mormons

THE MISSIONARIES Protestants, Catholics, and Mormons

Missionaries Henry Harmon Spalding

Missionaries Henry Harmon Spalding

The Spaldings Henry Spalding was a Presbyterian minister who was assigned to establish a

The Spaldings Henry Spalding was a Presbyterian minister who was assigned to establish a mission in 1836 among the Nez Perce He came with his wife Eliza, and established their mission at present-day Lapwai The Spalding’s children were the first white children born in what is now Idaho Mrs. Spalding was successful in mastering a good part of the Nez Perce language and taught Nez Perce how to read in their own language from the use of a printing press

Success among the Nez Perce While Mrs. Spalding was successful in educating the Nez

Success among the Nez Perce While Mrs. Spalding was successful in educating the Nez Perce, her husband began teaching them how to settle down and live like white people on the land They were taught how the cultivate crops (he is credited for cultivating the first Idaho potatoes) and to raise livestock Henry Spalding was also the first to use irrigation techniques in Idaho

Trouble begins Trouble began with Spalding’s inflexibility with the use of liquor, gambling, and

Trouble begins Trouble began with Spalding’s inflexibility with the use of liquor, gambling, and the practice of polygamy —offenses in which he sometimes resorted to using a whip White men’s disease began to take a toll on the Indians, prompting them to question the Spaldings’ religion Spalding’s presence among the Nez Perce caused factions to emerge among them Other missionaries, such as the Whitmans in Oregon were murdered by angry Indians During this episode, the Spaldings fled to Oregon After the death of Eliza Spalding, Henry returned to Lapwai as a teacher

The Spalding Legacy In the 1840 s one of Spalding’s earliest converts was Tuekakas,

The Spalding Legacy In the 1840 s one of Spalding’s earliest converts was Tuekakas, who was baptized as Joseph, he became known as “Old Joseph” when his wife bore him a son who is known as Chief Joseph Because of the Spaldings’ teachings in religion, education, and farming the Nez Perce had adopted very well to white ways When the mining boom started, prospectors were amazed to see the agricultural bounty that the Nez Perce had to sell

Cataldo Mission

Cataldo Mission

Father Pierre Jean De Smet Jesuit missionary De Smet, a native of Belgium was

Father Pierre Jean De Smet Jesuit missionary De Smet, a native of Belgium was sent into the Flathead Country of Montana to search for mission sites in 1840 Father De Smet appointed father Nicholas Point to work among the Coeur d’ Alene Indians Point initially established a mission along the St. Joe River The Sacred Heart mission was eventually relocated to a site east of modern-day Coeur d’ Alene

The Jesuits Led by Italian-born Father Antonio Ravalli, a new, larger mission was built

The Jesuits Led by Italian-born Father Antonio Ravalli, a new, larger mission was built Built by the Coeur d’ Alenes, it was built without nails The Indians bored holes through the beams and boards and used wooden pegs to hold the pieces together Building was begun in 1847 and by 1854 it was ready for use Building continued on the mission until 1868

Father Joseph M. Cataldo Born in Sicily, Father Cataldo was responsible for the immense

Father Joseph M. Cataldo Born in Sicily, Father Cataldo was responsible for the immense growth and success of the Jesuit missions in the Pacific Northwest A frail man, he was known as “Dried Salmon” among the native tribes He mastered ten Indian languages, built reservation schools, established Gonzaga college in 1883, organized self supporting farms run by Indians, as well as opening hospitals, schools, and orphanages Due to his accomplishments, the Sacred Heart Mission was later known as the Cataldo Mission

The Legacy of the “Black Robes” Father Cataldo’s tireless efforts brought much success to

The Legacy of the “Black Robes” Father Cataldo’s tireless efforts brought much success to the Jesuit mission By 1873, The Jesuits had baptized about 107, 000 Indians of different tribes The Cataldo Mission is the oldest public building in the state of Idaho The Catholic presence in the Pacific Northwest and their success brought about antagonistic feelings among the Protestant missionaries

Salmon River Mission Much like the Protestant and Catholics, The Latter-day Saints also established

Salmon River Mission Much like the Protestant and Catholics, The Latter-day Saints also established a mission among the Native Americans They named the post “Limhi” after an ancient leader mentioned in the Book of Mormon This post was one of six that the Mormons had established in 1855 They built Idaho’s first white farming community near present-day Tendoy

Fort Lemhi

Fort Lemhi

Fort Lemhi Fort Lemhi’s location turned out to be quite advantageous as it was

Fort Lemhi Fort Lemhi’s location turned out to be quite advantageous as it was the summer home for Bannock, Shoshone, and even some Nez Perce Among the Mormons was a man name George Washington Hill who knew the Shoshone language The natives received the missionaries well and they busily went to work building the fort An irrigation ditch for crops was dug, a corral for livestock was built, and the fort was fortified with walls two feet thick and seven feet wide

Brigham Young visits The Limhi colonists surveyed land, farmed with some difficulty, and studied

Brigham Young visits The Limhi colonists surveyed land, farmed with some difficulty, and studied the Shoshone language Some became quite fluent, some even marrying local Indian women More than one hundred Indians were baptized In May of 1857, Brigham Young and a large entourage visited Fort Lemhi for encouragement

Trouble for Fort Lemhi Shortly after the visit by Brigham Young, trouble began to

Trouble for Fort Lemhi Shortly after the visit by Brigham Young, trouble began to brew Anti-Mormon attitudes among mountaineers in the area, along with trouble among the Indians forced the eventual abandonment of Fort Lemhi by the Saints Indian trouble forced many Mormons to leave settlements in SE Idaho territory to pack up and leave for Utah Once hostilities ceased many Mormons returned to SE Idaho, forming the first permanent non. Indian settlement at Franklin in 1860

Legacy of the Mormon missionaries Through the work of the first group of Mormon

Legacy of the Mormon missionaries Through the work of the first group of Mormon missionaries, the LDS church is able to spread its faith among the native Shoshone people. The first agricultural communities are established in what is now SE Idaho. The Mormons and the LDS church establish a presence in the area that will expand once the railroad arrives. Mormons establish the first town in what is now Idaho: Franklin.