THE MINOR PLANET SAMARKAND VOCABULARY Destroy Witness Ash
THE MINOR PLANET “SAMARKAND”
VOCABULARY �Destroy �Witness �Ash �Bounce �Elaborate �Favorable �Merchants �Tissue �Wholesale �Proclaim �Heritage
Look at the picture and answer the questions �What are the best activities to do when visiting Samarkand? �What do visitors think of Samarkand? �What strikes first time visitors as special or unusual when they arrive in Samarkand, Uzbekistan? �What do you know about Samarkand? �How can I find distant relations in Samarkand, Uzbekistan (without speaking Russian or Uzbek and without going there)? �What are good hotels for short-term business travelers in Samarkand, Uzbekistan? �Do you know the name of these historical buildings?
Before reading activity � Samarkand was conquered by Alexander the Great several times. T / F �Samarkand is the older city than Ancient Rome. T/F �Samarkand is the first largest city in Uzbekistan. T/F �Local horses of Samarkand attract the foreigners. T/F �Legends about this Samarkand spread from west to east. T/F �Samarkand was founded by Sogdian people. T/F
Read the text and check your answers and choose the best title to the text Samarkand is the same age as Ancient Rome, and has been destroyed several times. The city has witnessed the invading forces of Alexander the Great and Genghis Khan. But, like the Phoenix rising from the ashes, this city always bounced back. Samarkand is the second largest city in Uzbekistan, and is more than 2, 700 years old. Founded in 700 BC by the Sogdians, it has been the capital of several different empires. Some scholars say its name means “rich city’‘, others “a place where people meet”, and in Persian it’s known as “the stone city. ”Guide Armida Nazaryan elaborated: “Samarkand has always played one of the most important roles in the Silk Road’s many routes because of its favourable geographic location in the heart of the Silk Road. It has traditionally been a crossing point for the east and west. ”The first merchants from China appeared in Samarkand around the second century BC. They were particularly interested in local horses. For centuries the Samarkand markets were among the most famous markets on the Silk Road. Historian Fazlitdin Fahritdinov said: “There was a special market for silk tissue, and another for coloured tissue. In fact, we’re speaking not just about simple markets, but about very large wholesale markets. “The trade infrastructure here in Samarkand was probably better-developed than anywhere else on the Silk Road, and that’s why various rulers in different eras chose our city as their empires’ capital. ”The most famous ruler to proclaim Samarkand as the capital of his mighty empire was the Great Timur, known mostly by the nickname ‘Tamerlan’. He hired the best architects and engineers, intending to create the most beautiful capital in the world. Legends about this ‘fairy-tale city’ spread from Europe to China. Masterpieces from the Timur era, as well as the ruins of his summer residence in Shahrisabz, 80 kilometres from Samarkand, are UNESCO World Heritage-listed sites.
Match the two halves of the expressions and make up the sentences �trade �invading �silk �educational �silk �major infrastructure institutions tissue forces masterpiece ingredient
Grammar: Relative clauses �Relative clauses are clauses starting with the relative pronouns who*, that, which, whose, where, when. They are most often used to define or identify the noun that precedes them. Here are some examples: �Do you know the girl who started in grade 7 last week? �Can I have the pencil that I gave you this morning? �A notebook is a computer which can be carried around. �I won't eat in a restaurant whose cooks smoke. �I want to live in a place where there is lots to do. �Yesterday was a day when everything went wrong!
Relative pronouns are associated as follows with their preceding noun: Preceding noun. Relative pronoun Examples a person a thing who(m)/that, whose- Do you know the girl who. . - He was a man that. . - An orphan is a child whose parents. . which†/that, whose - Do you have a computer which. . - The oak a tree that. . - This is a book whose author. .
Choose one of the pronouns who, which or whose following relative � I talked to the girl. . . car had broken down in front of the shop. � Mr Richards, ……. is a taxi driver, lives on the corner. � I live in a house in Norwich …. . is in East Anglia. � This is the girl ………. comes from Spain. � That's Peter, the boy ……. has just arrived at the airport. � Thank you very much for your e-mail. . . . was very interesting. � The man. . . father is a professor, forgot his umbrella. Конецформы � The children… shouted in the street, are not from our school. � The car… driver is a young man, is from Ireland. � What did you do with the money ……… your mother lent you?
Definitions with Relative Clauses. Find the correct definition. A library A butterfly is a person who steals purses from pockets and bags is a book where you can look up words in another language. is an animal which lives in meat. A synonym is the time of a day when it is dark outside A waiter A night A bricklayer A dictionary Spring is a man who serves drinks and food in a restaurant. is a word which has the same meaning as another word is a person who builds houses is the season of the year when plants begin to grow.
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