The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 1 sweeneynjit

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 1 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 ACRL Scholarship Breakfast March 13, 2009 The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative: more choices, customized, personalized, collaborative, self-service, faster, time saving, anywhere, anytime. Please fill out the True-False quiz before the presentation Power. Point at: http: //library 1. njit. edu/staff-folders/sweeney/ Please note that this document is copyrighted and licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3. 0 United States License. Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 2 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 Generations Birth Years Ages in 2009 GI Generation 1901 - 1924 84 - Silent Generation 1925 - 1945 64 – 83 Baby Boomers 1946 - 1964 45 – 63 Generation X 1965 - 1978* 31 – 45 Millennials 1979*- 1994 15 - 30 *Experts differ on end or beginning date of generation Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 A disruptive technology or disruptive innovation is a technological innovation that improves a product or service in ways that the market does not expect, typically by being lower priced or designed for a different set of consumers. Disruptive innovations can be broadly classified into low-end and new-market disruptive innovations. A new-market disruptive innovation is often aimed at non-consumption (i. e. , consumers who would not have used the products already on the market), whereas a lower-end disruptive innovation is aimed at mainstream customers for whom price is more important than quality. Wikipedia March 9, 2009 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Disruptive_technology Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 4 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 Are Millennials different from prior generations at the same age? Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 5 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 Millennial True – False Quiz FALSE: # 1 They have NO generational music. # 5 65% of Millennials voted for Obama. # 20 Word-of-mouth is the most common reason they visit a web site. All other questions are TRUE. Power. Point at: http: //library 1. njit. edu/staff-folders/sweeney/ Please note that this document is copyrighted and licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3. 0 United States License. Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 6 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 MILLENNIAL Focus Groups § over 60 Millennial panels / focus groups § 8 to 14 Millennials each § Canada, Egypt, Guatemala § Over 24 US States: Arizona, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Kansas, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Texas, Washington D. C, and Wisconsin. Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 7 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 ACRL Scholarship Breakfast March 13, 2009 Millennials: Disruptive Innovators more choices, customized, personalized, collaborative, networked, interactive, engaging, self-service, faster, time saving, anywhere, anytime. Power. Point at: http: //library 1. njit. edu/staff-folders/sweeney/ Please note that this document is copyrighted and licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3. 0 United States License. Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 8 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 ACRL Scholarship Breakfast March 13, 2009 Dare to Think Different, Millennial Librarians more choices, customized, personalized, collaborative, networked, interactive, engaging, self-service, faster, time saving, anywhere, anytime. Power. Point at: http: //library 1. njit. edu/staff-folders/sweeney/ Please note that this document is copyrighted and licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3. 0 United States License. Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 9 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 ACRL Scholarship Breakfast March 13, 2009 Libraries for the Millennial Generation: more choices, customized, personalized, collaborative, networked, interactive, engaging, self-service, faster, time saving, anywhere, anytime. Power. Point at: http: //library 1. njit. edu/staff-folders/sweeney/ Please note that this document is copyrighted and licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3. 0 United States License. Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 10 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 ACRL Scholarship Breakfast March 13, 2009 The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative: more choices, customized, personalized, collaborative, networked, interactive, engaging, self-service, faster, time saving, anywhere, anytime. Power. Point at: http: //library 1. njit. edu/staff-folders/sweeney/ Please note that this document is copyrighted and licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3. 0 United States License. Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 11 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “One secret to maintaining a thriving business is recognizing when it needs a fundamental change. ” p. 50 Johnson, Mark W. ; Christensen, Clayton M. ; Kagermann, Henning. “Reinventing Your Business Model”. Harvard Business Review. Dec 2008, Vol. 86 Issue 12, p 50 -59 Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 12 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “Customer value proposition (CVP). A successful company is one that has found a way to create value for customers – that is, a way to help customers get an important job done. ” p. 52 Johnson, Mark W. ; Christensen, Clayton M. ; Kagermann, Henning. “Reinventing Your Business Model”. Harvard Business Review. Dec 2008, Vol. 86 Issue 12, p 50 -59 Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 13 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 LISTEN. OBSERVE. What Do the Millennials Want? • Accelerate our learning. • Engage us; connect us; interact with us. • Create a memorable & dynamic experience. • Let us be part of the Public Good. • Help us contribute new knowledge. • Let us preserve our diverse cultures. Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 Innovation only happens with change… …which, of course, is disruptive to traditional employees and processes. How can the academic library assist Millennial students in learning faster and making their college/university experience more engaging and so on? Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 1515 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 Are our students more engaged and better learners? “Did You Know 2. 0” www. youtube. com Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 Pryor, John H. et al. “ 2008 CIRP Freshmen Survey Report” UCLA The Higher Education Research Institute (HERI). http: //www. gseis. ucla. edu/heri/ Politically Engaged Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 Pryor, John H. et al. “ 2008 CIPA Freshmen Survey Report” UCLA The Higher Education Research Institute (HERI). http: //www. gseis. ucla. edu/heri/ More Liberal Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 18 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 Ages Calls Texts Ratio <12 425 137 13 -17 231 1742 3. 1 7. 5 18 -24 265 790 2. 9 25 -34 239 331 35 -44 223 236 1. 4 1. 0 45 -54 193 128 . 7 55 -64 145 38 . 3 65 - 14 . 1 99 e. Marketer Inc. “Why Talk When You Can Text? ” September 22, 2008 http: //www. emarketer. com/Articles/Print. aspx? id=1006604&src=print_article_graybar_article&xsrc=print 1 _articlex Richard Sweeney Impatience Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 19 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 Candidates Voting by Age Groups 2000 2004 2008 BUSH Kerr Bus Obam Mc. Cai Gore Bush y h a n 18 -29 years old 48% 46% 54% 45% 65% 32% 30 -34 years old 48% 49% 46% 53% 52% 46% 45 -59 years old 48% 49% 48% 51% 49% “Election Results 2008; National Exit Polls Table”. New York Times. 5 Nov 2008 60 and older 51% 47% 46% 54% 47% 51% http: //elections. nytimes. com/2008/results/president/national-exit-polls. html More Liberal Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 20 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 Change in Percentage of Electorate Voting 200 200 0 4 8 BUSH 18 -29 years 17 17 18 old % % % 30 -34 years 29 29 29 old % % % 45 -59 years 30 30 30 old % % % 24 24 23 Data Source: CNN 60 and older http: //observationalism. com/2008/11/09/selected-exit% % % poll-comparisons-2000 -2004 -2008/ http: //www. cnn. com/ELECTION/2008/results/president/ Politically Engaged Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 21 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “They believe passionately that merit rather than length merit of service should drive promotion, progression and the acquisition of responsibility. They argue their baby boomer managers should acknowledge their demonstration of competence more fulsomely. ” p. 17 demonstration of competence Hutton, Will. “Wear Kid Gloves When Tackling Generation Y. ” Personnel Today (2003): 17. Merit Systems Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 22 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “And the Millennials feel perfectly comfortable talking back to their superiors. ” p. 114 Burnett, Linda. “welcome millennials”. Contract, May 2006, 48. 5, p 114 -114 Socially Bold Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 23 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 81% have volunteered in the last year. “Nearly nine out of ten Millennials surveyed, ages 13 – 25, stated that they are likely or very likely to switch from one brand to another (price and quality being equal) if the second brand is associated with a good cause. ” Faville, Kelly. “Cone 2006 Millennial Cause Study”. CAUSE Marketing Forum. www. causemarketingforum/page. asp? ID=473 Social Involvement Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 24 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “The manic commercialization of Internet content arguably began with the initial public offering of Netscape in August 1995. ” p. 1379 Mowery, David C. and Timothy Simcoe. “Is the Internet a US invention? — an economic and technological history of computer networking? ”. Research Policy. 31: 8 -9 (2002) p 1369 -1387. Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 Disruptive technologies are particularly threatening to Disruptive technologies the leaders of an existing market, because they are competition coming from an unexpected direction. Wikipedia March 9, 2009 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Disruptive_technology Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 26 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 Huge Generation Copyright Richard Sweeney

Boomers Still in All Millennials in 27 The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative Retired Workforce sweeney@njit. edu R ichard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 Born 1946 -1953 Born 1954 -1964 Born 1980 -1994 66 yrs & older 65 yrs & younger @ 23 yrs old Workforce 2019 Huge Generation Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 28 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 From 2009 forward, the number of Millennials who are turning 18 will begin to decline each year. Birth rate in 1990 was the peak. Increased Competition Copyright Richard Sweeney

Millennials In Millennials Not In 30 The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 30 Workforce sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 Born 1979 -1985 College Board Born 1986 -1994 Data from Web 23 yrs & older Under 23 yrs old 2008 Workforce 2008 Huge Generation Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 3131 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 College Board Data from Web 2008 Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 32 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 College Board Data from Web 2008 Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 37 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “Using descriptors from the 16 PF subscales, we found that Millennial students are more warm and outgoing (Warmth), Warmth more abstract than concrete (Reasoning), more adaptive and Reasoning mature (Emotional Stability), more dutiful (Rule Emotional Stability Consciousness), more socially bold and adventuresome Consciousness (Social Boldness), more sensitive and sentimental Social Boldness (Sensitivity), more self-doubting and worried (Apprehension), Sensitivity Apprehension more open to change and experimenting (Openness to Change), and more organized and self disciplined Change (Perfectionism) compared to Generation X medical students. ” Perfectionism p. 574 Nichole J Borges et al. “Comparing Millennial and Generation X Medical Students at One Medical School. Academic Medicine; 81. 6 (2006): 571 -576 Research Studies Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 38 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “Furthermore, we found Millennial medical students to be less solitary and individualistic (Self Reliance) than their Generation X counterparts. ” 574 Note: this study looked only at medical schools students: Generation X “Cuspars” Millennials born 1965 - 1980 born 1975 – 1980 (Gen X Subset) born 1981 - 1989 Nichole J Borges et al. “Comparing Millennial and Generation X Medical Students at One Medical School. Academic Medicine; 81. 6 (2006): 571 -576 Research Studies Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 39 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 More Choices - Digital Natives Politically Workplace – More Selectivity Engaged Training Personalization / Customization Gamers More Liberal Collaborative / Social Networking Practical / Achievement Oriented High Expectations (e. g. Incomes) Social Involvement Merit Systems Flexibility / Convenience Impatient More Diverse Balanced Lives / / Inclusive Healthy Lifestyle Read Less Pull, not Push Socially Bold Values Experiential / Interactive Media Consumers Patriotic / Civic Minded Nomadic Communication Multitaskers More Friends 1. 5 - 3 Years in Job Credit –A Right? High Debt Millennial Characteristics Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 40 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 More Choices - Digital Natives Politically Workplace – More Selectivity Engaged Training Personalization / Customization Gamers More Liberal Collaborative / Social Networking Practical / Achievement Oriented High Expectations (e. g. Incomes) Social Involvement Merit Systems Flexibility / Convenience Impatient More Diverse Balanced Lives / / Inclusive Healthy Lifestyle Read Less Pull, not Push Socially Bold Values Experiential / Interactive Media Consumers Patriotic / Civic Minded Nomadic Communication Multitaskers More Friends 1. 5 - 3 Years in Job Credit –A Right? High Debt Millennial Characteristics Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 41 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 More Choices - Selectivity Digital Natives Personalization / Customization Gamers Collaborative / Social Networking Practical / Achievement Oriented Flexibility / Convenience Impatient Read Less Pull, not Push Experiential / Interactive Media Consumers Nomadic Communication Multitaskers “We have no patience. The Gen Y consumer is brand-and–store loyal”, she said, “but the store must provide choices and have them in stock, or they will go elsewhere. ” Lillo, Andrea. “Young consumers tell it 'straight' “ Home Textiles Today; High Point; May 27, 23. 38 (2002): 6 More Choices Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 42 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “Trouble is, the world is full of too many choices [even the cereal aisle can "turn into a painful decision process"]…. And as Healy describes, they also have a lot more choices. This generation has the luxury of living with their parents until they get on their feet, can start their own company, and can take time to travel, notes Penelope Trunk, columnist, blogger, and author of Brazen Careerist [Warner Business Books, 2007]. ” p. 6 Mc. Cormack, Karyn. “Careers: The Goods on Generation Y”. Business Week Online, 25 June 2007: 6 More Choices Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 43 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “The secret to creating a thriving Long Tail business can be summarized in two imperatives 1. Make everything available 2. Help me find it. ” p. 217 Anderson, Chris. The Long Tail: Why the Future of Business Is Selling Less of More. New York: Hyperion, 2006 More Choices Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 44 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 More Choices - Selectivity Digital Natives Personalization / Gamers Customization Collaborative / Social Networking Practical / Achievement Oriented Flexibility / Convenience Impatient Read Less Pull, not Push Experiential / Interactive Media Consumers Nomadic Communication Multitaskers “Millennials aren't interested in the financial success that drove the boomers or the independence that has marked the Gen-Xers, but in careers that are personalized. ” Sacks, Danielle. “SCENES from the culture clash”. Fast Company, 102 (2006) 72 -77 Personalization - Customization Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 45 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “Millions of millennials are logging onto social networks like imeem and i. Like, which allow visitors to discover new music and recommend it to their friends. Millions more are flocking to online radio stations such as Pandora Radio, where you can create your own personalized stations. " Burrows, Peter. “Stars Are Aligning for Subscription Music”. Business Week; 12/17/2007 Issue 4063, p 066 -067, 2 p, 2 c Personalization - Customization Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 46 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 More Choices - Selectivity Digital Natives Personalization / Customization Gamers Collaborative / Social Networking Practical / Achievement Oriented Flexibility / Convenience Impatient Read Less Pull, not Push Experiential / Interactive Media Consumers Nomadic Communication Multitaskers “Because of their collaborative upbringing, collaborative law students of the Millennial generation thrive on interactive lessons. ” p. 12 “Is Your Firm Ready to Make Learning High-Tech & Fun? ” Compensation & Benefits for Law Offices; Aug 2007, Vol. 7 Issue 8, p 1 -15, 5 p Collaborative / Social Networking Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 47 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “Lyons believes that there is an increasing need for a collaborative business model which focuses on collaborative geographically dispersed teams. She feels that Generation Yer's fondness of collaborative environments will increase collaborative productivity in companies who embrace these environments. ” p. 4 Lyons, Martha. “Career Watch”. Computerworld; 1/22/2007, Vol. 41 Issue 4, p 39 -39, 3/4 p Collaborative / Social Networking Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 48 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “Schools should also use digital technologies to encourage team-based learning. Digital Natives are team-based proving, all the time, that they can build communities around ideas, good and bad. Pauley, John and Urs Gasser. Born Digital: Understanding the First Generation of Digital Natives. New York: Basic Books, 2008 Collaborative / Social Networking Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 49 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “First, it's where Gen Y is, and the overwhelming feedback from RBC research last year was "they said you have to be where we are, which is online. " Second, Facebook provides a mechanism for youngsters to circulate Royal Bank information to their group. Social networking is the key distinction between Gen Y Social networking and other generations, including the relatively techie Gen X, says Barkwell. ” O'Sullivan, Orla. “Getting real with Gen Wired”. ABA Banking Journal, Nov 2007, Vol. 99 Issue 11, p 48 -50, Collaborative / Social Networking Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 50 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “Along with differences in attitudes, millennials exhibit distinct learning styles. For example, their learning preferences tend toward teamwork, experiential activities, structure and the use of technology. Their strengths include multitasking, multitasking goal orientation, positive attitudes, and a collaborative style. ” Oblinger, Diana. “Understanding the New Student. ” Educause Review, 38. 3 (2003): 36 -42. Collaborative / Social Networking Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 52 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 More Choices - Selectivity Digital Natives Personalization / Customization Gamers Collaborative / Social Networking Practical / Achievement Oriented Flexibility / Convenience Impatient Read Less Pull, not Push Experiential / Interactive Media Consumers Nomadic Communication Multitaskers “Gens X and Y insist on the time to enjoy life and care for their families, and they demand the balance and flexibility to do so. ” Molas, Sandra A. “Flexibility becoming the Norm in the Workplace: Is Your Firm Stretching to Meet the Demand? ”. Pennsylvania CPA Journal; Fall 2006, Vol. 77 Issue 3, p 28 -30, 3 p Flexibility / Convenience Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 53 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 • 18% Mainly flexible office hours • 66% Regular office hours with some flexibility • 16% Mainly regular work hours Do you think your office hours will be mainly flexible hours / mainly regular office hours / regular office hours with some flexibility? Pricewaterhouse. Coopers surveyed a total of 4271 graduates internatioanlly about their expectations of work. ” George, Lianne. “Managing tomorrow’s people: Millennials at work: Perspectives from a new generation”. Pricewaterhouse. Coopers. (2008) 48 -49 Flexibility Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 54 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “They want a great deal of flexibility without flexibility commitment. They like to switch. ” p. 12 Cameron, Alan. “Maxing with the Millennials” GPS World; December 2007, Vol. 18 Issue 12, p 10 -12 Richard Sweeney Flexibility / Convenience Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 55 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “ 50% say having flexibility in planning a career flexibility around major life events is the most important element for achieving a good balance between a career and personal life. ” p. 4 Ernst and Young, Canada. “Sixty-five Per Cent of College Students Think They Will Become Millionaires. ” 2001. Press Information Worldwide. 3/14/05. http: //www. pressi. com/us/release/35870. html Flexibility / Convenience Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 56 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “When you look at the generation coming up now, I think the thing that generation will value more than anything is flexibility, " Friedman said. flexibility "People want to have a more balanced life. ” balanced p. 15 Rulison, Larry. “Gen Y in search of flexibility”. Philadelphia Business Journal. 22. 31 Sep 19, (2003). 15 Flexibility / Convenience Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 57 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 More Choices - Selectivity Digital Natives Personalization / Customization Gamers Collaborative / Social Networking Practical / Achievement Oriented Flexibility / Convenience Impatient Read Less Pull, not Push Experiential / Interactive Media Consumers Nomadic Communication Multitaskers “In short, the future of the U. S. News industry is seriously threatened by the seemingly irrevocable move by young people away from traditional sources of news. ” Merrril Brown, “Abandoning the News. ” Carnegie Reporter 3. 2 (Spring 2005) Read Less Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 58 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “Over the past 20 years, young adults (18 -34) have declined from being those most likely to read literature to those least likely (with the exception of those 65 and older. The rate of decline for the youngest adults, aged 18 to 24 was 55 percent greater than the total adult population. ” Hill, Kelly. “Reading at Risk; A Survey of Literary Reading in America” XXXXXXXXXXXXXX Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology National Endowment for the Arts Research Division Report , 46 (June 2004) Versus the Lecture. ” Reading Less Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 59 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “Main Purposes of the Library – By Age of U. S. Respondent Millennials Information Books Research U. S. 18 -24 U. S. 25 -64 49% 32% 20% 56% 26% 15% Mostly Older Generations De Rosa, Cathy et. al. Perceptions Of Libraries and Information XXXXXXXXXXXXXX Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Resources; A report to the OCLC membership. Dublin, OH OCLC Online Versus the Lecture. ” Computer Library Center, Inc. 2005 Libraries & Information Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 60 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 More Choices - Selectivity Digital Natives Personalization / Customization Gamers Collaborative / Social Networking Practical / Achievement Oriented Flexibility / Convenience Impatient Read Less Pull, not Push Experiential / Interactive Media Consumers Nomadic Communication Multitaskers “Time, location, and interaction are the critical interaction components of mobile usage for millennials. ” p. 10 Cameron, Alan. “Maxing with the Millennials” GPS World; December 2007, Vol. 18 Issue 12, p 10 -12 Experiential / Interactive Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 61 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “The sensory mode the majority of students preferred to receive information was kinesthetic, the hands on approach to learning. ” approach to learning Meehan-Andrews, Terri A. . “Teaching mode efficiency and learning preferences of first year nursing students”. Nurse Education Today. 29: 1 (2009) 24 -32 Experiential / Interactive Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 62 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “The average college class has minimal interaction; estimates are that students ask 0. 1 question per hour and that faculty ask 0. 3. By contrast, students in tutored sessions ask 20 -30 questions, and tutors ask more than 100. In computer based instruction, the number of questions posed to students per hour ranges from 160 to 800. ” p. 70 Diana Oblinger VP, Educause Diana G. Oblinger, “Learners, Learning and Technology”, Educause XXXXXXXXXXXXXX Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Review 40. 5 September/October 2005 66 -75 Versus the Lecture. ” Experiential / Interactive Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 63 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “The authors conclude from the literature review and their two-year comparative study that PBL [Problem Based Learning] can be an effective pedagogical approach for Learning information literacy instruction to engineering students. In this experience, PBL has proved to be a superior tool that bridges the gap between theory and practice in engineering education. The reflective survey results from the pilot study showed that using PBL in the early part of education, such as in the freshman year, has motivational advantages over the LBL [Lecture-Based Learning] Lecture-Based Learning approach. ” Hsieh, Cynthia and Lorrie Knight. “Problem-Based Learning for Engineering Students: An Evidence-based Comparative Study”. The Journal of Academic Librarianship. 34: 1 (2008) 25 -30 Experiential Learners Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 64 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “We are a generation of learners by exploration. My exploration “first Web site, for example, was constructed before I p. X had any concept of HTML or Java. I simply experimented with the commands until the pieces experimented fit together. ” Note: this article published by a Millennial Windam, Carrie “Father Google and Mother IM: Confessions of a Net XXXXXXXXXXXXXX Gen Learner”. EDUCAUSE Review, 40. 5 (2005): 42– 59. Experiential / Interactive Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 65 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “Interaction and a sense of community are the key community requests of those born digital when it comes to online learning, as surveys indicate. ” p. 248 [citing Joel Hartman, Patsy Moskal, and Chuck Dziuban, ”Preparing the Academy of Today for the Learner of Tomorrow”. In Diana G. Oblinger and james L. Oblinger, ed. s Educating the Net Gegeneration (Boulder: Educause, 2005), pp. 6. 6 -6. 10 Pauley, John and Urs Gasser. Born Digital: Understanding the First Generation of Digital Natives. New York: Basic Books, 2008 Experiential / Interactive Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 66 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “Even if the lecturer is charismatic, holding the attention of several hundred students for an entire lecture of fifty minutes or longer is impossible. ” lecture is impossible p. 15 XXXXXXXXXXXXXX Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Versus the Lecture. ” Educause Review. 38. 4 (2003) 12 -22 Experiential / Interactive Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 67 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “To bridge this gap [i. e. digital divide], schools should encourage kids to learn by doing in digital learn by doing environments. …The idea is to build on their penchant for developing online profiles and other materials in My. Space, Facebook, blogs, and You. Tube. ” p. 247 -248 Pauley, John and Urs Gasser. Born Digital: Understanding the First Generation of Digital Natives. New York: Basic Books, 2008 Experiential / Interactive Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 68 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “The ideal learning situation: “ 1…customized to the very specific needs of the p. X individual. 2…provides students with immediate feedback. 3. . . is constructive. . to explore learning environments (preferably multi sensorial). . . 4…motivates students to persist far in excess of any externally imposed requirements. Experiential 5…builds enduring conceptual structures. ” p. 14 Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Versus the XXXXXXXXXXXXXX Lecture. ” Educause Review. 38. 4 (2003) 12 -22 ` Experiential / Interactive Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 69 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 More Choices - Selectivity Digital Natives Personalization / Customization Gamers Collaborative / Social Networking Practical / Achievement Oriented Flexibility / Convenience Impatient Read Less Pull, not Push Experiential / Interactive Media Consumers Nomadic Communication Multitaskers “Time, location, and interaction are the critical components of mobile usage for millennials. ” p. 10 Cameron, Alan. “Maxing with the Millennials” GPS World; December 2007, Vol. 18 Issue 12, p 10 -12 Nomadic / Mobile Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 70 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “Average Monthly Calls Made/Received and Text Messages Sent/Received per US Mobile Phone Subscriber, by Age, Q 2 2008” Ages Calls Texts Ratio <12 425 137 13 -17 231 1742 3. 1 7. 5 18 -24 265 790 2. 9 25 -34 239 331 35 -44 223 236 1. 4 1. 0 45 -54 193 128 . 7 55 -64 145 38 . 3 65 - 14 . 1 99 e. Marketer Inc. “Why Talk When You Can Text? ” September 22, 2008 http: //www. emarketer. com/Articles/Print. aspx? id=1006604&src=print_article_graybar_article&xsrc=print 1 _articlex Richard Sweeney Impatience Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 71 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 Ages Calls Texts Ratio <12 425 137 13 -17 231 1742 3. 1 7. 5 18 -24 265 790 2. 9 25 -34 239 331 35 -44 223 236 1. 4 1. 0 45 -54 193 128 . 7 55 -64 145 38 . 3 65 - 14 . 1 99 e. Marketer Inc. “Why Talk When You Can Text? ” September 22, 2008 http: //www. emarketer. com/Articles/Print. aspx? id=1006604&src=print_article_graybar_article&xsrc=print 1 _articlex Richard Sweeney Impatience Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 72 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “We want everything to be easy, and we want it easy now, " said Katie Smith, a student at the University of Florida. "We have no patience. ” no patience p. 6 Lillo, Andrea. “Young consumers tell it 'straight' “ Home Textiles Today; High Point; May 27, 23. 38 (2002): 6 Impatience; Easy Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 73 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “Busy Around the Clock Busy “Millennial teens may be America’s busiest people. Long gone are the days of Boomer kids being shooed outside to invent their own games – or of Gen. Xer Kids being left “home alone” with a “selfcare” guide. " p. 45 Howe, Neil and William Strauss. Millennials Go To College. Washington, DC: American Association of Collegiate Registrars, 2003. Impatience Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 74 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “ ‘Nothing infuriates us more than busywork, ’ says busywork 24 -year-old Katie Day, an assistant editor at Berkley Publishing, a division of Penguin Group USA. Fearlessness ? "I don't have time to be intimidated, " says Anna Stassen, a 26 -year-old copywriter at the advertising agency Fallon Worldwide who treats her bosses like ‘the guys’. " Sacks, Danielle. “SCENES from the culture clash”. Fast Company, 102 (2006) 72 -77 Impatience Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 75 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 More Choices - Selectivity Digital Natives Personalization / Customization Gamers Collaborative / Social Networking Practical / Achievement Oriented Flexibility / Convenience Impatient Read Less Pull, not Push Experiential / Interactive Media Consumers Nomadic Communication Multitaskers “Technology is a huge force in shaping the way Millennials consume as well as "commune" with media. ” p. 11 Mumford, David E. “Make a Connection With Tech-Savvy Millennials”. Television Week; 11/13/2006, Vol. 25 Issue 43, p 11 -11 Digital Natives Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 76 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “And we will never understand or use the technology in precisely the same way as the Natives do. ” This distinction is critical in education, because we are currently in a time where all our students are DIGITAL NATIVES, yet the bulk of our DIGITAL NATIVES educators, teachers, administrators and curriculum developers are Digital Immigrants. ” p. 3 Prensky, Marc. “Use Their Tools! Speak Their Language!” Marc XXXXXXXXXXXXXX Prensky. March 2004. http: //www. marcprensky. com/writing/Prensky. Use_Their_Tools_Speak_Their_Language. pdf Digital Natives Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 77 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “The most important thing that schools can do is not to use technology in the curriculum more, but to use it more effectively. We ought to experiment with ways in more effectively experiment which technology ought to be part of the everyday curricula in schools—but only where it belongs. ”p. 247 Pauley, John and Urs Gasser. Born Digital: Understanding the First Generation of Digital Natives. New York: Basic Books, 2008 Digital Natives Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 78 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “Gen Y was socialized in a digital world. It is more than technically literate; it is continually wired, plugged in, and connected to digitally streaming information, entertainment, and contracts. ” p. 6 XXXXXXXXXXXXXX Eisner, Susan P. “Managing Generation Y”. SAM Advanced Management Journal Autumn 2005 70: 4 p 4 -15 Digital Natives Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 79 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “While most respondents are enthusiastic IT users and use it to support many aspects of their academic lives, most prefer only a ‘moderate’ amount of IT in their courses (59. 3 percent)”. p. 13 Salaway, Gail et al. ECAR Study of Undergraduate Students and XXXXXXXXXXXXXX Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Information Technology, 2007 Boulder, Colorado: EDUCAUSE Center Versus the Lecture. ” for Applied Research, 2007 (www. educause. edu/ecar) Digital Natives Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 80 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “Within the instant messaging Gen Y (18 -27 years) age group, 46% report using IM more frequently than email. ” than email p. iii Shiu, Eulynn and Amanda Lenhart. “How Americans use instant XXXXXXXXXXXXXX Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology messaging”. Pew Internet and American Life Project 9/1/2004 Versus the Lecture. ” http: //www. pewinternet. org/PPF/r/133/report_display. asp Digital Natives Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 81 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “ 35% or the largest portion of those who IM for about an hour are Gen Y-ers. In contrast, the greatest percentage of instant messengers who IM for less than 15 minutes consist of Trailing Boomers (26%). ” p. iii Shiu, Eulynn and Amanda Lenhart. “How Americans use instant XXXXXXXXXXXXXX Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology messaging”. Pew Internet and American Life Project 9/1/2004 Versus the Lecture. ” http: //www. pewinternet. org/PPF/r/133/report_display. asp Digital Natives Gamers Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 82 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “Again this year, they overwhelming (85. 1 percent) favor e-mail for official college and university communications”. p. 12 -13` Salaway, Gail et al. ECAR Study of Undergraduate Students and XXXXXXXXXXXXXX Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Information Technology, 2007 Boulder, Colorado: EDUCAUSE Center Versus the Lecture. ” for Applied Research, 2007 (www. educause. edu/ecar) Digital Natives Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 83 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “Again this year, they overwhelming (85. 1 percent) favor e-mail for official college and university communications”. p. 12 -13` Salaway, Gail et al. ECAR Study of Undergraduate Students and XXXXXXXXXXXXXX Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Information Technology, 2007 Boulder, Colorado: EDUCAUSE Center Versus the Lecture. ” for Applied Research, 2007 (www. educause. edu/ecar) Digital Natives Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 84 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 More Choices - Selectivity Digital Natives Personalization / Customization Gamers Collaborative / Social Networking Practical / Achievement Oriented Flexibility / Convenience Impatient Read Less Pull, not Push Experiential / Interactive Media Consumers Nomadic Communication Multitaskers “ ‘The most important things to remember are: multi-player, creative, challenging, and competitive. ’ -a high school student” p. 1 Prensky, Marc. “Use Their Tools! Speak Their Language!” Marc Prensky. March 2004. http: //www. marcprensky. com/writin g/Prensky. Use_Their_Tools_Speak_Their_Lan guage. pdf Gamers Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 85 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “So we now have a generation of students that is better at taking in information and making decisions quickly, better at multitasking and parallel processing; a generation that thinks graphically rather than textually, assumes connectivity, and is accustomed to seeing the world through a lens of games and play. ” p. 3 Prensky, Marc. “Use Their Tools! Speak Their Language!” Marc XXXXXXXXXXXXXX Prensky. March 2004. http: //www. marcprensky. com/writing/Prensky. Use_Their_Tools_Speak_Their_Language. pdf Gamers Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 86 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “The real question is: Does the behavior of this new group [gamers] change the world in any way that really matters? If you’re in business today, the answer is clearly yes. ” p. 1 Beck, John C. , and Mitchell Wade. Got Game: How the Gamer Generation is Reshaping Business Forever. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2004. Gamers Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 87 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “How hard this new cohort works, how they try to compete, how they fit into teams. How they take risks – all are different in statistically verifiable ways. And those differences are driven by one central factor: growing up with video games. ” p. 2 Beck, John C. , and Mitchell Wade. Got Game: How the Gamer Generation is Reshaping Business Forever. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2004. Gamers Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 88 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “The important thing for business professionals to know about games isn’t whether someone plays them now, but whether he or she grew up playing them. ” them p. 25 Beck, John C. , and Mitchell Wade. Got Game: How the Gamer XXXXXXXXXXXXXX Generation is Reshaping Business Forever. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2004. Gamers Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 89 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “So we now have a generation of students that is better at taking in information and making decisions quickly, better at MULTITASKING and MULTITASKING PARALLEL PROCESSING; a generation that PARALLEL PROCESSING THINKS GRAPHICALLY rather than textually, THINKS GRAPHICALLY assumes connectivity, and is accustomed to seeing the world through a lens of games and play. ” p. 3 Prensky, Marc. “Use Their Tools! Speak Their Language!” Marc XXXXXXXXXXXXXX Prensky. March 2004. http: //www. marcprensky. com/writing/Prensky. Use_Their_Tools_Speak_Their_Language. pdf Gamers Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 90 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 More Choices - Selectivity Digital Natives Personalization / Customization Gamers Collaborative / Social Networking Practical / Achievement Oriented Flexibility / Convenience Impatient Read Less Pull, not Push Experiential / Interactive Media Consumers Nomadic Communication Multitaskers “In teams, Nexters can be very effective, but they want a strong leader for guidance and well defined goals, she says. ” defined goals [Loyalty Factor President Dianne Durkin] p. 18 Marshall, Jeffrey. “Managing Different Generations at Work”. Financial Executive. July/Aug 2004 20: 5 1 p. Practical / Achievement Oriented Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 91 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “Gen Y employees are goal-oriented and have goal-oriented high expectations of themselves. They’re highperformers, competitive, and seek tasks with tight deadlines that reward and acknowledge their efforts. They take ownership of their work, value individualized goal setting, and seek new skills. ” p. 1 Understand Gen Y Employees”. Credit Union Magazine; April 2006 72: 6 p. 70 Practical / Achievement Oriented Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 92 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 More Choices - Selectivity Digital Natives Personalization / Customization Gamers Collaborative / Social Networking Practical / Achievement Oriented Flexibility / Convenience Impatient Read Less Pull, not Push Experiential / Interactive Media Consumers Nomadic Communication Multitaskers “For these new 20 something workers, the line between work and home doesn't really exist. They just want to spend their time in meaningful and useful ways, no matter where they are. ” p 57 Trunk, Penelope. “What Gen Y Really Wants. ” Time South Pacific (Australia/New Zealand edition); 7/16/2007 Issue 27, p 57 -57, 1 p Richard Sweeney Impatience Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 93 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “…selling effectively to our New Millennial prospect requires that you become a Personalization / Gamers non-stressful provider of Customization information, because New Collaborative / Practical / Social Achievement Millennials are over-stressed Networking Oriented and over-scheduled. You'll need to highlight peer-to-peer Flexibility / Impatient Convenience testimonials, because New testimonials Read Less Pull, not Push Millennials seek that approval. ” p. 9 Experiential / Media More Choices - Selectivity Digital Natives Interactive Consumers Nomadic Communication Multitaskers Stein, Dave. “Selling Across Generation Gaps”. Sales & Marketing Management; Oct 2007, Vol. 159 Issue 8, p 9 -9, Pull, not Push Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 94 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “Word-of-mouth is a strong motivator with Millennials. According to the survey, word-of-mouth is the most word-of-mouth common reason for Millennials to visit a Web site. A television ad was the second-most-common reason. ” Millennials claim to tell 17. 7 people about things of interest to them. In the survey, the average respondent replied at a rate of 9. 7, meaning Millennials spread word-of -mouth to 82 percent more people than the average respondent. p. 68 Dominiak, Mark. “'Millennials' Defying the Old Models. Find More Like This”. Television Week; 5/7/2007, Vol. 26 Issue 19, p 68 -68, 1 p, 1 c Pull, not Push Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 95 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “In the inversion of power that has accompanied inversion of power the user-driven web—individuals trusted more, institutions trusted less---the most effective messaging comes from peers. Nothing beats word of mouth, and as we’ve seen, the Web is the greatest word-of-mouth amplifier the world has ever seen p. 229 Anderson, Chris. The Long Tail: Why the Future of Business Is Selling Less of More New York: Hyperion, 2006 Consumers Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 96 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 More Choices - Selectivity Digital Natives Personalization / Customization Gamers Collaborative / Social Networking Practical / Achievement Oriented Flexibility / Convenience Impatient Read Less Pull, not Push Experiential / Interactive Media Consumers Nomadic Communication Multitaskers “Millennials, however, do not view the online space in any way, shape or form as a conventional media channel. media …Millennials, therefore, invest 50 percent more time with user-generated content than the average user. ” p. 68 Dominiak, Mark. “'Millennials' Defying the Old Models. Find More Like This”. Television Week; 5/7/2007, Vol. 26 Issue 19, p 68 -68, 1 p, 1 c Media Consumers Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 97 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “. . A recent Kaiser Family Foundation report, "Generation M: Media in the Lives of 8 - to 18 -Year. Olds, " found that students who use media the most also spend more time with family, friends, most also spend more time with family, friends and other activities. That may explain the need to do many things at once. ” p. 33 Mc. Hale, Tom. “Portrait of a Digital Native” Technology & Learning, 26. 2 (2005) 33 -34 Media Consumers Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 98 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “Because they are all about media, and boy, do media they consume it. They use media differently than consume you or I, to paraphrase F. Scott Fitzgerald. They consume content in their own way. ” in their own way p. 10 Cameron, Alan. “Maxing with the Millennials” GPS World; December 2007, Vol. 18 Issue 12, p 10 -12 Media Consumers Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 99 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “Media influences: Baby Boomers rely on Media traditional media such as television (50 percent boomers, 27 percent Generation Y) and newspapers (19 percent versus 6 percent), while Generation Y business owners rely on the Internet for news (31 percent versus 9 percent of Boomers). ” p. 15 “Boomers vs. Gen Y”. Community Banker; Sep 2007, Vol. 16 Issue 9, p 15 Richard Sweeney Media Consumers Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 100 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “Mastery effort, intrinsic motivation, abstract reasoning, assessment focus and independent learning increase with age. However, the younger the students, the more likely they are to prefer working collaboratively and learn using visual formats rather than reading… “As people age they are likely to grow stronger as [sic] cognitive voyaging. Multimedia collaboration is more strongly associated with younger students. ” more strongly associated with younger students Jeffrey, Lynn M. “Learning Orientations: Diversity in higher education”. Learning and Individual Differences. 9: 4 (2008) 1 -14 Doi: 10. 1016/j. lindif. 2008. 09. 004 Experiential Learners Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 101 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 e of Arabia The Great Escape Best War Movies nal Apocalypse Now Schindler’s List Catch Me If You Can. Dir: Frank Darabont Dir: Steven Spielberg Minority Report m Hanks Actor: Tom Hanks Artificial Intelligen Actor: Tom Hanks You’ve Got Mail Away The favorite online Millennial environment, is virtual, The Green Mile Saving Private Toy Story 2 (1998) ) (1999) Ryan (1998) (1999) interactive, multimedia, full motion, personalized, Rich, this is one Dir: Nora Ephron obert Zemeckis Dir: Frank Darabont Dir: Steven Dir: Lee Unkrich of my Starring: customized, and socially networked. Spielberg Starring: favorites. Janet Tom Hanks, Starring: Tom Hanks Meg Ryan, n Hunt, Michael Clarke Duncan, Tom Hanks, Tim Allen Media Consumers Parker Posey, e Wildman, David Morse, Tom Sizemore, Don Rickles Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 102 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 More Choices - Selectivity Digital Natives Personalization / Customization Gamers Collaborative / Social Networking Practical / Achievement Oriented Flexibility / Convenience Impatient “In a phrase, they are the multiplexed generation or Generation MUX… The members of Generation MUX have adapted to that digital flow. They multitask better than their better predecessors did. ” Read Less Pull, not Push p. 42 Experiential / Interactive Media Consumers Nomadic Communication Multitaskers Harney, Ken. “Generation MUX” Where will we find tomorrow’s best IT workers? . Info. World. 7/18/2005, Vol. 27 Issue 29, p 42 -42 Multitaskers Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 103 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “IM-ers are multi-taskers 32% of IM users say they do other things on their computer such as browsing the web or playing games virtually every time they are instant messaging and another 29% are doing something messaging else some of the time they are IM-ing. p. iv Shiu, Eulynn and Amanda Lenhart. “How Americans use instant XXXXXXXXXXXXXX Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology messaging”. Pew Internet and American Life Project 9/1/2004 Versus the Lecture. ” http: //www. pewinternet. org/PPF/r/133/report_display. asp Multitaskers Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 104 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 "It's the way we've all come to be raised, " says Fear, a senior at Hunterdon Central Regional High School in Flemington, New Jersey. She is a member of the National Honor Society, student leader of the local Amnesty International chapter, and president of the school's International Thespian Society. "There's a lot of work we're expected to do. You have to multitask to get everything done. ” everything done. Mc. Hale, Tom. “Portrait of a Digital Native” Technology & Learning, 26. 2 (2005) 33 -34 Multitaskers Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 106 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 More Choices - Digital Natives Politically Workplace – More Selectivity Engaged Training Personalization / Customization Gamers More Liberal Collaborative / Social Networking Practical / Achievement Oriented High Expectations (e. g. Incomes) Social Involvement Merit Systems Flexibility / Convenience Impatient More Diverse Balanced Lives / / Inclusive Healthy Lifestyle Read Less Pull, not Push Socially Bold Values Experiential / Interactive Media Consumers Patriotic / Civic Minded Nomadic Communication Multitaskers More Friends 1. 5 - 3 Years in Job Credit –A Right? High Debt Millennial Characteristics Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 107 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 Change in Percentage of Electorate Voting 200 200 0 4 8 BUSH 18 -29 years 17 17 18 old % % % 30 -34 years 29 29 29 old % % % 45 -59 years 30 30 30 old % % % 24 24 23 Data Source: CNN 60 and older http: //observationalism. com/2008/11/09/selected-exit% % % poll-comparisons-2000 -2004 -2008/ http: //www. cnn. com/ELECTION/2008/results/president/ Multitaskers Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 108 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 More Choices - Digital Natives Politically Workplace – More Selectivity Engaged Training Personalization / Customization Gamers More Liberal Collaborative / Social Networking Practical / Achievement Oriented High Expectations (e. g. Incomes) Social Involvement Merit Systems Flexibility / Convenience Impatient More Diverse Balanced Lives / / Inclusive Healthy Lifestyle Read Less Pull, not Push Socially Bold Values Experiential / Interactive Media Consumers Patriotic / Civic Minded Nomadic Communication Multitaskers More Friends 1. 5 - 3 Years in Job Credit –A Right? High Debt Millennial Characteristics Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 109 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “Some 30% of freshmen say they're liberals, 30% say they're liberals compared with 21% in 1981. Popularity of the "liberal" label has increased for five consecutive years, Sax says. About 49% now are "middle-ofthe-road" and 21% "conservative" or "far right. ” Elias, Marilyn. “Boomer echo: College freshmen look liberal” USA XXXXXXXXXXXXXX Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology TODAY January 28, 2002, Monday, FINAL EDITION Versus the Lecture. ” More Liberal Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 110 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 Candidates Voting by Age Groups 2000 2004 2008 BUSH Kerr Bus Obam Mc. Cai Gore Bush y h a n 18 -29 years old 48% 46% 54% 45% 65% 32% 30 -34 years old 48% 49% 46% 53% 52% 46% 45 -59 years old 48% 49% 48% 51% 49% “Election Results 2008; National Exit Polls Table”. New York Times. 5 Nov 2008 60 and older 51% 47% 46% 54% 47% 51% http: //elections. nytimes. com/2008/results/president/national-exit-polls. html More Liberal Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 111 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 More Choices - Digital Natives Politically Workplace – More Selectivity Engaged Training Personalization / Customization Gamers More Liberal Collaborative / Social Networking Practical / Achievement Oriented High Expectations (e. g. Incomes) Social Involvement Merit Systems Flexibility / Convenience Impatient More Diverse Balanced Lives / / Inclusive Healthy Lifestyle Read Less Pull, not Push Socially Bold Values Experiential / Interactive Media Consumers Patriotic / Civic Minded Nomadic Communication Multitaskers More Friends 1. 5 - 3 Years in Job Credit –A Right? High Debt Millennial Characteristics Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 112 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 81% have volunteered in the last year. “Nearly nine out of ten Millennials surveyed, ages 13 – 25, stated that they are likely or very likely to switch from one brand to another (price and quality being equal) if the second brand is associated with a good cause. ” Faville, Kelly. “Cone 2006 Millennial Cause Study”. CAUSE Marketing Forum. www. causemarketingforum/page. asp? ID=473 Social Involvement Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 113 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 More Choices - Digital Natives Politically Workplace – More Selectivity Engaged Training Personalization / Customization Gamers More Liberal Collaborative / Social Networking Practical / Achievement Oriented High Expectations (e. g. Incomes) Social Involvement Merit Systems Flexibility / Convenience Impatient More Diverse Balanced Lives / / Inclusive Healthy Lifestyle Read Less Pull, not Push Socially Bold Values Experiential / Interactive Media Consumers Patriotic / Civic Minded Nomadic Communication Multitaskers More Friends 1. 5 - 3 Years in Job Credit –A Right? High Debt Millennial Characteristics Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 114 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “About a fifth of these echo boom children are the a fifth offspring of immigrants who arrived in the U. S. during the offspring of immigrants 1980 s and who often had relatively large families. The ethnic profile created by these immigrant children is far different from the white and black 1950 s and 1960 s. ” p. 4 Williamson, Christopher. The war of the ages; Planning 68. 7 (2002): 4 -9 More Diverse / Inclusive Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 115 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 More Choices - Digital Natives Politically Workplace – More Selectivity Engaged Training Personalization / Customization Gamers More Liberal Collaborative / Social Networking Practical / Achievement Oriented High Expectations (e. g. Incomes) Social Involvement Merit Systems Flexibility / Convenience Impatient More Diverse Balanced Lives / / Inclusive Healthy Lifestyle Read Less Pull, not Push Socially Bold Values Experiential / Interactive Media Consumers Patriotic / Civic Minded Nomadic Communication Multitaskers More Friends 1. 5 - 3 Years in Job Credit –A Right? High Debt Millennial Characteristics Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 116 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “And the Millennials feel perfectly comfortable talking back to their superiors. ” p. 114 Burnett, Linda. “welcome millennials”. Contract, May 2006, 48. 5, p 114 -114 Socially Bold Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 117 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 More Choices - Digital Natives Politically Workplace – More Selectivity Engaged Training Personalization / Customization Gamers More Liberal Collaborative / Social Networking Practical / Achievement Oriented High Expectations (e. g. Incomes) Social Involvement Merit Systems Flexibility / Convenience Impatient More Diverse Balanced Lives / / Inclusive Healthy Lifestyle Read Less Pull, not Push Socially Bold Values Experiential / Interactive Media Consumers Patriotic / Credit –A Right? Civic Minded High Debt Nomadic Communication Multitaskers More Friends 1. 5 - 3 Years in Job Millennial Characteristics Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 118 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “Millennials want meaning. They've been called the next "greatest generation“ because they are civic and cause minded: 59 percent of them volunteer three and a half hours a minded: week: 83 percent of incoming college freshmen volunteered in the past year; and 61 percent feel personally responsible for making the world better. ” Butterfield, Bruce; Fox, Susan. “Preparing for the Millennial Tsunami”. Associations Now, May 2007, 3. 6: p 11 Patriotic / Civic Minded Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 119 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 More Choices - Digital Natives Politically Workplace – More Selectivity Engaged Training Personalization / Customization Gamers More Liberal Collaborative / Social Networking Practical / Achievement Oriented High Expectations (e. g. Incomes) Social Involvement Merit Systems Flexibility / Convenience Impatient More Diverse Balanced Lives / / Inclusive Healthy Lifestyle Read Less Pull, not Push Socially Bold Values Experiential / Interactive Media Consumers Patriotic / Civic Minded Nomadic Communication Multitaskers More Friends 1. 5 - 3 Years in Job Credit –A Right? High Debt Millennial Characteristics Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 120 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “Gen Y knows that their ideal is to gain a greater work/life balance but is also keen to gain employability. To balance these preferences many actively seek an employer where they can be part of a team, have fun and make friends within have fun and make friends the workplace. ” p. 20 Drewery, Kelly, Ann Riley et al. Gen Up: How the four generations work. London, England: Penna. 2008 http: //www. cipd. co. uk/subjects/dvsequl/general/_genup. htm Managing Millennials Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 121 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 More Choices - Digital Natives Politically Workplace – More Selectivity Engaged Training Personalization / Customization Gamers More Liberal Collaborative / Social Networking Practical / Achievement Oriented High Expectations (e. g. Incomes) Social Involvement Merit Systems Flexibility / Convenience Impatient More Diverse Balanced Lives / / Inclusive Healthy Lifestyle Read Less Pull, not Push Socially Bold Values Experiential / Interactive Media Consumers Patriotic / Civic Minded Nomadic Communication Multitaskers More Friends 1. 5 - 3 Years in Job Credit –A Right? High Debt Millennial Characteristics Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 122 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “The Generation Y makes up 75% of the Mc. Donalds workforce… A study conducted by the academic Adrian Furnham showed that 90% of Mc. Donalds’ staff showed high levles of employee engagement. The key contributing factors in this high level of engagement among Mc. Donalds employees were the opportunities for training and development offered by the training and development organization. ” p. 34 Drewery, Kelly, Ann Riley et al. Gen Up: How the four generations work. London, England: Penna. 2008 http: //www. cipd. co. uk/subjects/dvsequl/general/_genup. htm Managing Millennials Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 123 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 More Choices - Digital Natives Politically Workplace – More Selectivity Engaged Training Personalization / Customization Gamers More Liberal High Expectations (e. g. Incomes) Collaborative / Social Networking Practical / Achievement Oriented Social Involvement Merit Systems Flexibility / Convenience Impatient More Diverse Balanced Lives / / Inclusive Healthy Lifestyle Read Less Pull, not Push Socially Bold Values Experiential / Interactive Media Consumers Patriotic / Civic Minded Nomadic Communication Multitaskers More Friends 1. 5 - 3 Years in Job Credit –A Right? High Debt Millennial Characteristics Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 124 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “ 74% of the students expect to be better off than their parents in terms of income and quality of life over their lifetime. ” Ernst and Young, Canada. “Sixty-five Per Cent of College Students Think They Will Become Millionaires. ” 2001. Press Information Worldwide. 3/14/05. http: //www. pressi. com/us/release/35870. html High Expectations Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 125 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 More Choices - Digital Natives Politically Workplace – More Selectivity Engaged Training Personalization / Customization Gamers More Liberal High Expectations (e. g. Incomes) Collaborative / Social Networking Practical / Achievement Oriented Social Involvement Merit Systems Flexibility / Convenience Impatient More Diverse Balanced Lives / / Inclusive Healthy Lifestyle Read Less Pull, not Push Socially Bold Values Experiential / Interactive Media Consumers Patriotic / Civic Minded Nomadic Communication Multitaskers More Friends 1. 5 - 3 Years in Job Credit –A Right? High Debt Millennial Characteristics Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 126 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “Gen Y’s relatively aggressive attitude to performance management may be a further source of conflict for Baby Boomers. While very few Boomers believe that underperformers should be fired, Gen Y is much less tolerant of underperformance. Nearly one in five Gen Y’s believe that the best solution for underperformance is for someone to be fired. ” fired p. 27 Drewery, Kelly, Ann Riley et al. Gen Up: How the four generations work. London, England: Penna. 2008 http: //www. cipd. co. uk/subjects/dvsequl/general/_genup. htm Merit Systems Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 127 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 More Choices - Digital Natives Politically Workplace – More Selectivity Engaged Training Personalization / Customization Gamers More Liberal Collaborative / Social Networking Practical / Achievement Oriented High Expectations (e. g. Incomes) Social Involvement Merit Systems Flexibility / Convenience Impatient More Diverse Balanced Lives / / Inclusive Healthy Lifestyle Read Less Pull, not Push Socially Bold Values Experiential / Interactive Media Consumers Patriotic / Civic Minded Nomadic Communication Multitaskers More Friends 1. 5 - 3 Years in Job Credit –A Right? High Debt Millennial Characteristics Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 128 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “According to research by Drake International on Gen Y, remuneration isn’t the only important consideration they weigh up when accepting a job. The key features that attract Gen Y are listed as professional growth, work-life balance, variety, social interaction, responsibility, and balance input, reward and recognition. ” p. 24 Twyford, Tee. “Generation Why? ”. NZ Marketing Magazine October, 2007 26. 19: p 23 -25 Balanced Lifestyles Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 129 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “ 73 percent worry about balancing professional and personal obligations. ” p. 3 Robert Half International. “What Millennials Want: How to Attract and XXXXXXXXXXXXXX Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Retain Gen Y Employees. ” Yahoo hotjobs. November 2008. Versus the Lecture. ” http: //www. hotjobsresources. com/pdfs/Millennial. Workers. pdf Working Expectations Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 130 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 More Choices - Digital Natives Politically Workplace – More Selectivity Engaged Training Personalization / Customization Gamers More Liberal Collaborative / Social Networking Practical / Achievement Oriented High Expectations (e. g. Incomes) Social Involvement Merit Systems Flexibility / Convenience Impatient More Diverse Balanced Lives / / Inclusive Healthy Lifestyle Read Less Pull, not Push Socially Bold Values Experiential / Interactive Media Consumers Patriotic / Civic Minded Nomadic Communication Multitaskers More Friends 1. 5 - 3 Years in Job Credit –A Right? High Debt Millennial Characteristics Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 131 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “The Millennial Generation, who turned 18 around the year 2000, show the smallest gap with the values of older generations than any teens have values of older generations shown since the history of polling. ” p. B 8 Kleinfeld, Judith. “Millennials: our next great generation, ” Anchorage Daily News (Alaska), January 30, 2004 Friday, FINAL EDITION, ALASKA; Pg. B 8, 712 words, Values Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 132 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “Millennials: …identify with parent’s values and feel close to their parents”; their parents Oblinger, Diana. “Understanding the New Student. ” Educause Review, 38. 3 (2003): 36 -42. Family Oriented Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 133 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 More Choices - Digital Natives Politically Workplace – More Selectivity Engaged Training Personalization / Customization Gamers More Liberal Collaborative / Social Networking Practical / Achievement Oriented High Expectations (e. g. Incomes) Social Involvement Merit Systems Flexibility / Convenience Impatient More Diverse Balanced Lives / / Inclusive Healthy Lifestyle Read Less Pull, not Push Socially Bold Values Experiential / Interactive Media Consumers Patriotic / Civic Minded Nomadic Communication Multitaskers More Friends 1. 5 - 3 Years in Job Credit –A Right? High Debt Millennial Characteristics Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 134 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “They have been raised in an environment where credit seemed to be a right (versus a privilege)… right • The median credit card debt of low and middle-income people ages 18 to 34 is $8, 200 • The average college debt of recent grads is more than $20, 000 and rising. • People between the ages of 25 and 34 make up 22. 7% of all U. S. bankruptcies (but just 14% of the population at large. ” The impact of today’s financial crisis on Generation Y. Albany, New York: Media Logic. 2008 http: //www. mlinc. com/geny/impact. cfm? cid=gib 03 Managing Millennials Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 135 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “In November alone, 71, 000 Canadians lost their jobs -- 27 per cent of the newly unemployed are people aged 24 and under -- and economists predict this is only a bellwether of worse to come. Suddenly, many of those retiring boomers can't afford to retire. Making matters worse, Millennials are saddled with more debt than any previous generation (an average of $5, 631 per year in student debt alone, not to mention the load sitting on their credit cards, and what they're doling out in car payments). This recession is not what they signed up for. ” George, Lianne. “Dude, Where’s My Job? ”. Maclean’s. 122: 1 (2008) 48 -49 Experiential Learners Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 136 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 More Choices - Digital Natives Politically Workplace – More Selectivity Engaged Training Personalization / Customization Gamers More Liberal Collaborative / Social Networking Practical / Achievement Oriented High Expectations (e. g. Incomes) Social Involvement Merit Systems Flexibility / Convenience Impatient More Diverse Balanced Lives / / Inclusive Healthy Lifestyle Read Less Pull, not Push Socially Bold Values Experiential / Interactive Media Consumers Patriotic / Civic Minded Nomadic Communication Multitaskers More Friends 1. 5 - 3 Years in Job Credit –A Right? High Debt Millennial Characteristics Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 137 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “About half of respondents expect to spend no more than 1 or 2 years “paying their dues” in entry level jobs. ” p. 7 Robert Half International. “What Millennials Want: How to Attract and XXXXXXXXXXXXXX Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Retain Gen Y Employees. ” Yahoo hotjobs. November 2008. Versus the Lecture. ” http: //www. hotjobsresources. com/pdfs/Millennial. Workers. pdf Working Expectations Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 138 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “The Veteran may be surprised that the Gen Y employee is willing to work longer hours for more pay or flexibility. They may be equally surprised therefore that the Gen Y employee may also expect to change job very 2 -3 years. ” p. 25 Drewery, Kelly, Ann Riley et al. Gen Up: How the four generations work. London, England: Penna. 2008 http: //www. cipd. co. uk/subjects/dvsequl/general/_genup. htm Managing Millennials Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 139 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “ 61% of CEO’s say they have difficulty recruiting and integrating younger workers. ” Pricewaterhouse. Coopers surveyed a total of 4271 graduates internationally about their expectations of work. ” George, Lianne. “Managing tomorrow’s people: Millennials at work: Perspectives from a new generation”. Pricewaterhouse. Coopers. (2008) 48 -49 Managing Millennials Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 140 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “Notwithstanding, it is clear that as Generation Y gains a foothold in the workplace, organizations will need to change to accommodate their norms instead of expecting young workers to change to accommodate existing organizational norms. ” Crumpacker, Jill M. “Succession Planning and Generational Stereotypes: Should HR Consider Age-Based Values and Attitudes a Relevant Factor or a Passing Fad? ”. Public Personnel Management. 36: 4 (2007) p 349 -369. Managing Millennials Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 141 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 More Choices - Digital Natives Politically Workplace – More Selectivity Engaged Training Personalization / Customization Gamers More Liberal Collaborative / Social Networking Practical / Achievement Oriented High Expectations (e. g. Incomes) Social Involvement Merit Systems Flexibility / Convenience Impatient More Diverse Balanced Lives / / Inclusive Healthy Lifestyle Read Less Pull, not Push Socially Bold Values Experiential / Interactive Media Consumers Patriotic / Civic Minded Nomadic Communication Multitaskers More Friends 1. 5 - 3 Years in Job Credit –A Right? High Debt Millennial Characteristics Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 142 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 Thanks for your kind attention. • Powerpoint (available at: • http: //library 1. njit. edu/staff-folders/sweeney/ • Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 143 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “About one in four Gen Y workers polled consults his or her parents first when making employment decisions. ” p. 2 Robert Half International. “What Millennials Want: How to Attract and XXXXXXXXXXXXXX Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Retain Gen Y Employees. ” Yahoo hotjobs. November 2008. Versus the Lecture. ” http: //www. hotjobsresources. com/pdfs/Millennial. Workers. pdf Working Expectations Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 144 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “Nearly three-quarters of Gen Y professionals visit company websites to learn more about prospective employers. ” p. 8 Robert Half International. “What Millennials Want: How to Attract and XXXXXXXXXXXXXX Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Retain Gen Y Employees. ” Yahoo hotjobs. November 2008. Versus the Lecture. ” http: //www. hotjobsresources. com/pdfs/Millennial. Workers. pdf Working Expectations Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 145 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “Surprise! Two-thirds of the “wired generation” favor in-person conversations with co-workers over other types of communication. ” p. 11 Robert Half International. “What Millennials Want: How to Attract and XXXXXXXXXXXXXX Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Retain Gen Y Employees. ” Yahoo hotjobs. November 2008. Versus the Lecture. ” http: //www. hotjobsresources. com/pdfs/Millennial. Workers. pdf Working Expectations Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 146 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “In keeping with their preference for an informal and friendly workplace, members of generation Y are not particularly impressed with prestigious titles and fancy offices. ” p. 14 Robert Half International. “What Millennials Want: How to Attract and XXXXXXXXXXXXXX Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Retain Gen Y Employees. ” Yahoo hotjobs. November 2008. Versus the Lecture. ” http: //www. hotjobsresources. com/pdfs/Millennial. Workers. pdf Working Expectations Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 147 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “Portrait of a Gen Y Dream Boss § A skillful manager, adviser, supporter § Pleasant and easy to get along with § Understanding and caring § Flexible and open minded” p. 11 Robert Half International. “What Millennials Want: How to Attract and XXXXXXXXXXXXXX Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Retain Gen Y Employees. ” Yahoo hotjobs. November 2008. Versus the Lecture. ” http: //www. hotjobsresources. com/pdfs/Millennial. Workers. pdf Working Expectations Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 148 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “Myth: Generation Y lives in the moment and would rather play than work. Fact: One-third of respondents were concerned about finding/keeping a job, supporting themselves and their families and ‘saving enough’ money. ” p. 3 Robert Half International. “What Millennials Want: How to Attract and XXXXXXXXXXXXXX Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Retain Gen Y Employees. ” Yahoo hotjobs. November 2008. Versus the Lecture. ” http: //www. hotjobsresources. com/pdfs/Millennial. Workers. pdf Working Expectations Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 149 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 Our survey revealed that when Millennials evaluate employment opportunities, ‘benefits’ including 401(k) programs are one of their top three deciding factors. ” p. 3 Robert Half International. “What Millennials Want: How to Attract and XXXXXXXXXXXXXX Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Retain Gen Y Employees. ” Yahoo hotjobs. November 2008. Versus the Lecture. ” http: //www. hotjobsresources. com/pdfs/Millennial. Workers. pdf Working Expectations Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 150 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “Although each generation places clear consideration on the competiveness of ‘their deal’ when seeking an employer, it only affects Gen Y’s subsequent performance. This combined with a sense of empowerment to get things done will be more likely to engage Gen Y. ” p. 20 Drewery, Kelly, Ann Riley et al. Gen Up: How the four generations work. London, England: Penna. 2008 http: //www. cipd. co. uk/subjects/dvsequl/general/_genup. htm Managing Millennials Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 151 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “Creating a winning strategy for managing generational diversity is not for the faint hearted. Our research suggests that there are some real challenges and issues to be faced in the key areas of attraction and engagement, recruitment, leadership, career development, performance management, and customer service. ” p. 35 Drewery, Kelly, Ann Riley et al. Gen Up: How the four generations work. London, England: Penna. 2008 http: //www. cipd. co. uk/subjects/dvsequl/general/_genup. htm Managing Millennials Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 152 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 Understanding Gen Y “Offer Attentive Management. . . “Show Them the Money… “Emphasize Career Development… “Offer Challenging, Diverse Assignments… “Focus on the Work Environment… “Promote Balance…” Mc. Donald, Paul. “The Multigenerational Workforce” Internal Auditor 65: 5 (2008) 60 -67 Managing Millennials Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 153 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 Managing a Multigenerational Workforce “Understand Differences. . . “But be Careful about Stereotypes… “Facilitate Collaboration… “Set an Example…” Messmer, Max. “Managing a Multigenerational Workforce”. National Public Accountant. 5: 5 (2006) 320 Managing Millennials Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 154 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 Managing a Multigenerational Workforce “In a multigenerational workforce, knowledge transfer becomes an ever-more-complicated challenge. ” “The key is to find some ways that cut across generations to create a common language that will ease and accelerate knowledge transfer, ” says Jim Haudan, author of Art of Engagement. Messmer, Max. “Managing a Multigenerational Workforce”. National Public Accountant. 5: 5 (2006) 320 Managing Millennials Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 155 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 Veteran / Traditionalist Work Ethic -Disciplined -Duty before play -Adhere to the rules Baby Boomers Generation X Generation Y -Efficient -Logical -Do what it takes Task. Multitasking oriented Self-reliant Group. Independent oriented Explain why Crumpacker, Jill M. “Succession Planning and Generational Stereotypes: Should HR Consider Age-Based Values and Attitudes a Relevant Factor or a Passing Fad? ”. Public Personnel Management. 36: 4 (2007) p 349 -369. Millennial Characteristics Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 156 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 Veteran / Baby Generation X Generation Y Traditionalist Boomers Communic -Formal ation -Written -Chain-of. Command -Face time -One-on-one -In-person -Direct -As needed -E-mail/ Voice-mail -Instant Messaging -Lots of cc’s Crumpacker, Jill M. “Succession Planning and Generational Stereotypes: Should HR Consider Age-Based Values and Attitudes a Relevant Factor or a Passing Fad? ”. Public Personnel Management. 36: 4 (2007) p 349 -369. Millennial Characteristics Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 157 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 Veteran / Baby Generation X Generation Y Traditionalist Boomers Feedback -Avoid Conflict -Show me the -Direct— Instantaneous -No news is money ”Tell me how -Seek good news -Promotion / I am doing” Approval / Title Praise Crumpacker, Jill M. “Succession Planning and Generational Stereotypes: Should HR Consider Age-Based Values and Attitudes a Relevant Factor or a Passing Fad? ”. Public Personnel Management. 36: 4 (2007) p 349 -369. Millennial Characteristics Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 158 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 More Choices - Digital Natives More Friends Politically Engaged Selectivity Personalization / Customization Gamers Workplace Issues Merit Systems Collaborative / Social Networking Practical / Achievement Oriented Optimistic / Positive / Confident Family Oriented / Largely Children of Divorce Flexibility / Convenience Nomadic More Diverse High Expectations (e. g. Incomes) / Inclusive Read Less Pull, not Push Socially Bold Values Experiential / Interactive Learners Media Consumers Patriotic / Civic Minded Balanced Lives / Healthy Lifestyle Impatient Multitaskers More Liberal Social Involvement Millennial Characteristics Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 159 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 More Choices - Digital Natives More Friends Huge Population Selectivity Personalization / Customization Gamers Respect Intelligence Merit Systems Collaborative / Social Networking Practical / Achievement Oriented Optimistic / Positive / Confident Family Oriented / Largely Children of Divorce Flexibility / Convenience Nomadic More Diverse High Expectations / Inclusive (e. g. Incomes) Read Less Pull, not Push Direct Values Experiential / Interactive Learners Media Consumers Patriotic / Civic Minded Balanced Lives / Healthy Lifestyle Impatient Multitaskers More Liberal Social Involvement Millennial Characteristics Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 160 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 More Friends Huge Population Respect Intelligence Merit Systems Optimistic / Positive / Confident Family Oriented / Largely Children of Divorce More Diverse High Expectations / Inclusive (e. g. Incomes) Direct Values Patriotic / Civic Minded Balanced Lives / Healthy Lifestyle More Liberal Social Involvement Millennials have more close friends and they communicate more frequently with these friends. Indeed, their networked environment requires them to communicate with more friends. More Friends Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 161 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 More Friends Huge Population Respect Intelligence Merit Systems Optimistic / Positive / Confident Family Oriented / Largely Children of Divorce “. . believe “it’s cool to be smart”. More Diverse High Expectations / Inclusive (e. g. Incomes) Direct Values Patriotic / Civic Minded Balanced Lives / Healthy Lifestyle More Liberal Social Involvement Oblinger, Diana. “Understanding the New Student. ” Educause Review, 38. 3 (2003): 36 -42. Respect Intelligence Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 162 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 More Friends Huge Population Respect Intelligence Merit Systems Optimistic / Positive / Confident Family Oriented / Largely Children of Divorce More Diverse High Expectations / Inclusive (e. g. Incomes) Direct Values Patriotic / Civic Minded Balanced Lives / Healthy Lifestyle More Liberal Social Involvement “Overall, Millennials appear less prickly and pessimistic than their pessimistic predecessors, the Gen Xers, a group that numbers about 59 million and was born from 1965 to 1982. Nichole J Borges et al. “Comparing Millennial and Generation X Medical Students at One Medical School. Academic Medicine; 81. 6 (2006): 571 -576 Optimistic Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 163 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 More Friends Huge Population Respect Intelligence Merit Systems Optimistic / Positive / Confident Family Oriented / Largely Children of Divorce More Diverse High Expectations / Inclusive (e. g. Incomes) Direct Values Patriotic / Civic Minded Balanced Lives / Healthy Lifestyle More Liberal Social Involvement “This time [2004], young voters were the only group that favored Democrat Kerry. The AP's exit polls found that under-30 s favored Kerry over Bush, 55% to 44%, over Bush, 55% compared to a 48 -46 edge for Al Gore in 2000. ” http: //www. usatoday. com/news/poli ticselections/ 2004 -11 -08 -under 30_x. htm More Liberal Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 164 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 More Friends Huge Population Respect Intelligence Merit Systems Optimistic / Positive / Confident Family Oriented / Largely Children of Divorce More Diverse High Expectations / Inclusive (e. g. Incomes) Direct Values Patriotic / Civic Minded Balanced Lives / Healthy Lifestyle More Liberal Social Involvement Number of children under 18: 1966 69. 9 million 1976 65. 1 million 1986 62. 8 million 1998 71. 4 million p. 22 Baker, Debra. “Move Over Baby Boomers. ” ABA Journal, 85 (1999): 22 Huge Population Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 166 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 Teaching-Centered Learning-Centered Deliver instruction Produce learning Transfer of knowledge from Discovery and construction of teacher to student knowledge Active faculty Active students One teaching style Multiple learning styles Curriculum development Learning technologies development Quantity and quality of resources Quantity and quality of outcomes Robert B. Barr and John Tagg, "From Teaching to Learning: A New Paradigm for Undergraduate Education, " Change, vol. 27, no. 6 (November/December 1995): 12– 25. Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 167 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 Teaching-Centered Learning-Centered Quality of faculty Quality of students Time held constant; learning varies Learning held constant; time varies Learning is linear and cumulative Learning is a nesting and interacting of frameworks Promote recall Promote understanding Faculty are lecturers Faculty are designers of learning environments Learning is competitive and individualistic Learning is cooperative and collaborative Robert B. Barr and John Tagg, "From Teaching to Learning: A New Paradigm for Undergraduate Education, " Change, vol. 27, no. 6 (November/December 1995): 12– 25. Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 168 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “Two proven innovation strategies are the common-course redesign strategy and the flex program and service redesign strategy. These strategies use IT innovatively to improve accountability-that is, to improve and account for institutional performance-whenever measurably improved academic results and reduced unit costs are simultaneous goals. ” p. 79 Graves, William. “Improving Institutional Performance through ITXXXXXXXXXXXXXX Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Enabled Innovation”. EDUCAUSE Review Nov/Dec 2005: 79 -98 Versus the Lecture. ” Engagement & Productivity Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “With a few important [ IT ] exceptions, these investments did not directly seek to reduce longterm unit costs and/or dampen spiraling tuition increases and, not surprisingly, did not do so whether or not they used technology to enable innovation. As a result, these “innovations” did not increase productivity but instead either added not increase productivity to long-term operating expenditures or proved unsustainable after the loss of special funding. p. 84 Graves, William. “Improving Institutional Performance through ITXXXXXXXXXXXXXX Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Enabled Innovation”. EDUCAUSE Review Nov/Dec 2005: 79 -98 Versus the Lecture. ” Engagement & Productivity Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “. ” p. 84 Graves, William. “Improving Institutional Performance through ITXXXXXXXXXXXXXX Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Enabled Innovation”. EDUCAUSE Review Nov/Dec 2005: 79 -98 Versus the Lecture. ” Engagement & Productivity Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “ Bankers don’t market “distance banking” or label customers as ‘traditional’ of ‘nontraditional’. They realize that different customers have different needs and preferences for obtaining services. Banks also know that time-shifted online self-service can reduce costs while increasing customer satisfaction, which is why they frequently offer incentives for self-service. ” p. 86 Graves, William. “Improving Institutional Performance through ITXXXXXXXXXXXXXX Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Enabled Innovation”. EDUCAUSE Review Nov/Dec 2005: 79 -98 Versus the Lecture. ” Engagement, Assessment & Productivity Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 Learning Strategies for Millennials: 1. Increase teacher – student interaction; feedback 2. Engage students (motivation; involvement) 3. Accelerate student learning 4. Increase experiential learning (gaming; simulations, role playing) 5. Increase learning options 6. Increase peer-to-peer (collaboration) learning 7. Offer more “pull” web based learning options 8. Offer more interactive multimedia learning. Millennial Learning Strategies Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 Examples: • Managing the Digital Enterprise (Rappa-North Carolina State) • Solar System Collaboratory (Colorado) • Virtual chemistry experiments (Davidson) • U. S. History Videos (History Channel) • Boiler. Cast (Purdue - podcasts, vcasts) • Game Based Learning Sites (Marc Prensky) • Math Emporium (Virginia Tech) • Building bridges (Civil Engineering-Nova) • Physics Tutorial Modules Andersen Center (RPI) • Collaborative Learning Table (RPI) • Immediate stock market quotes (Yahoo Finance) • Search. Path information literacy tutorial (Rutgers) Examples Copyright Richard Sweeney

Intergenerational Workforce & Engaging Millennial Employees 174 The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative sweeney@njit. edu R ichard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “Did You Know 2. 0” www. youtube. com Copyright Richard Sweeney

Intergenerational Workforce & Engaging Millennial Employees 175 The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative sweeney@njit. edu R ichard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 India, for example, with a population of 1. 1 billion, has fewer than 200, 000 native speakers of English and approximately 100 million second-language English speakers - Wikipedia “Did You Know 2. 0” www. youtube. com Copyright Richard Sweeney

Intergenerational Workforce & Engaging Millennial Employees 176 The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative sweeney@njit. edu R ichard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “Did You Know 2. 0” www. youtube. com Copyright Richard Sweeney

The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative 177 sweeney@njit. edu Richard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “In 20 years time, the number of English speakers in China is likely to exceed the number of speakers of English as a first language in all the rest of the world, " [current Prime Minister] Mr [Gordon] Brown said during a speech in Beijing. ” Yeh, Andrew. “New Dawn in a Shared Language ”. Financial Times. 13 April 2005 More Global Copyright Richard Sweeney

Intergenerational Workforce & Engaging Millennial Employees 181 The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative sweeney@njit. edu R ichard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “Did You Know 2. 0” www. youtube. com Copyright Richard Sweeney

Intergenerational Workforce & Engaging Millennial Employees 182 The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative sweeney@njit. edu R ichard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “Did You Know 2. 0” www. youtube. com Copyright Richard Sweeney

Intergenerational Workforce & Engaging Millennial Employees 183 The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative sweeney@njit. edu R ichard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “Did You Know 2. 0” www. youtube. com Copyright Richard Sweeney

Intergenerational Workforce & Engaging Millennial Employees 184 The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative sweeney@njit. edu R ichard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “Did You Know 2. 0” www. youtube. com Copyright Richard Sweeney

Intergenerational Workforce & Engaging Millennial Employees 185 The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative sweeney@njit. edu R ichard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “Did You Know 2. 0” www. youtube. com Copyright Richard Sweeney

Intergenerational Workforce & Engaging Millennial Employees 186 The Millennial Driven Library Innovation Imperative sweeney@njit. edu R ichard Sweeney 973 -596 -3208 “Did You Know 2. 0” www. youtube. com Copyright Richard Sweeney