The man who lives next to us sells

限制性定语从句的构成 The man who lives next to us sells vegetables. You must do everything that I do. I have found the book which I lost. I visited the school where I studied. 注意事项: 1. 从句的位置: 先行词 之后 “…. 的” 2. 翻译方法: 关系代词 3. 构成： 关系词 关系副词

定语从句后置 The day came at last when I went to college. He laughs best who laughs last. He is the only one of the teachers who comes from Qingdao.

先行词和关系词的关系 Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.

关系代词的实质 Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. A plane is a machine that /which can fly.

关系代词的实质 Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. A plane is a machine the machine can fly.

关系代词的实质 Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.

关系代词的实质 Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. The girl we saw her yesterday is Mary.

关系代词的实质 Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. her The girl we saw yesterday is Mary.

关系代词的实质 Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. her The girl we saw yesterday is Mary.

关系代词的实质 Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. The girl her we saw yesterday is Mary.

关系代词的实质 Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. her The girl we saw yesterday is Mary.

关系代词的实质 Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. The girl her we saw yesterday is Mary.

关系代词的实质 Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. The girl that / who we saw yesterday is Mary.

关系代词的用法练习 1. The eggs were not fresh. I bought them yesterday. The eggs (that/which) I bought them were not fresh. 2. The friend was not hungry. He came to supper last night. The friend who/ that he came to supper last night was not 3. He prefers the cheese. It comes from his parent’s farm. . He prefers the cheese that / which it comes from his paren 4. The noodles were delicious. You cooked them. The noodles( which/ that )you cooked them were delicious 5. I don’t like the people. They smoke a lot. I don’t like the people that / who they smoke a lot.

关系副词和先行词的关系 I still remember the day when I came here. on the day =when This is the house where I lived last year. in the house= where There are many reasons why people like traveling. for the reasons =why I don’t like the way that you speak. in the way =that 关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词

几种易混的情况 when /in which 1. I’ll never forget the days_______ we worked toget 2. I’ll never forget the days ______ we spent together. which 及物动词 where/ in which 3. I went to the place I worked ten years a 4. I went to the place _______ I visited ten years ago. which 及物动词 why/ for which 5. This is the reason ___________ he was late. that/which 6. This is the reason ___________ he gave. 及物动词

难用的 whose Join the following pair of sentences. The teacher praised the student. His English is the best in our class. The teacher praised the student whose English is the best in our class. whose =the student’s 关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格

难用的 whose Join the following pair of sentences. The house is mine. The window of the house is broken. The house whose window is broken is mine. whose=the house’s window the window of which is broken The house is mine. of which the window is broken

非限制性定语从句 Please compare: Teachers who are kind are popular with the student Mr Wang, who is kind, is popular with the students. The town where I live is beautiful. Kenli, where I live, is beautiful. 形式 限制性定 语从句 非限制性 定语从句 作用 能否省略 翻译

非限制性定语从句 Please compare: Teachers who are kind are popular with the student Mr Wang, who is kind, is popular with the students. The town where I live is beautiful. Kenli, where I live, is beautiful. 形式 作用 限制性定 修饰限定 语从句 非限制性 插入成分 补充解释 定语从句 能否省略 翻译 不能 能 …. 的

分析两种定语从句省略后的结果 Teachers who are kind are popular with the student Mr Wang, who is kind, is popular with the students.

非限制性定语从句和单句的比较 1. I am reading Harry Porter, which _____is an interesting book. This made his parents angry. 2. He failed in the exam. _______ which 3. He failed in the exam, _______made his parents angry. × that them 4. He has two sons. Both of ____ are teachers. whom 5. He has two sons, both of ____ are teachers.

as 引导的非限制性定语从句 It is known to all. The earth is round. _____ which is known to all. The earth is round, _____ / as _____ As is known to all, the earth is round 定语从句在句首时只能用as, ______ is known to all that the earth is round. It as 具有“正如”之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的， 如： as you know/ as you see/as we planned/ as we expected

as 引导的非限制性定语从句 (1) Please compare: This is the same pen as I lost. 这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。 This is the same pen that I lost. 这本书就是我丢的那本。

as 引导的限制性定语从句 (2) Please complete the following sentences and compare: as we all like. This is such an interesting book ____ as we all like. This is so interesting a book _____ 这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。(定语从句) that This is such an interesting book ____we all like it. This is so interesting a book ____we all like it. that 这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。(结果状语从句)

介词+关系代词的情况 1 The man whom you spoke to was a scientist. The city which she lives in is far away.

介词+关系代词的情况 2 Are these two sentences right? The man who/whom you spoke to was a scienti The city that/which she lives in is far away.

介词+关系代词的情况 3 Are these two sentences right? The man The city to who/whom you spoke was a scienti in that/which she lives is far away.

介词+关系代词的情况 3 Are these two sentences right? The man The city to who/whom you spoke was a scienti in that/which she lives is far away.

介词+关系代词的情况 3 Are these two sentences right? The man The city to who/whom you spoke was a scienti in that/which she lives is far away.

介词+关系代词的情况 3 Are these two sentences right? to The man The city who/whom you spoke in that/which she lives was a scienti is far away.

介词+关系代词的情况 3 Are these two sentences right? The man to who/whom you spoke × The city in that/which she lives × 可见, who、that 不能用与介词之后 was a scienti is far away.

介词+关系代词的情况 4 下面两句中的介词能提前吗? Is this the watch that you are looking for? The old man whom I am looking after is better. 在固定短语中介词不能提前

介词+关系代词的情况 练习 on which 1. Do you like the book she spent $10? for which 2. Do you like the book she paid $10? from which 3. Do you like the book she learned a lot? about which 4. Do you like the book she often talks? through which 5. He built a telescope he could study the skies. under which 6. There is a tall tree outside, stands our teacher. of which 7. China has a lot of rivers, the second longest _______ is the Yellow River. 8. The tower _______ people can have a good view from which is on the hill. to whom 9. The man ____ I spoke on the phone last night is very good at wrestling. 10. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, of which most ______ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.

that , which or who? 1. He did all / everything _______he could to help me. that 2. This is the very thing _______ I am after. that 3. We talked about the men and the things _______ that we remembered at school. that 4. He is the only man _______ can do the work. 5. This is the first thing _______ I want to say. that 6. He is the finest man _______ I have ever worked that with. 7. Who is the man _______ spoke to you at the gate. that 8. Which is the star _______ is nearest to the earth. that

that , which , whose, whom or who? that you want to say? 9. Is there anything else _______ 10. Any person _______ that has the money can join the gro 11. He often speaks the role he played in the play, which made others upset. _______ which sat a boy. 12. He opened the door, in front of _______ whom I spoke is a famous scientist. 13. The man to _______ whose mother is dead was brought up 14. The boy _______ by his father.

只能用that 做关系代词的情况 当先行词是不定代词时, 如: All , few, little, much, every, something, anything, everything, 等

只能用that 做关系代词的情况 当先行词被the only, the very, the same, little, few, no, any等修饰时

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