The Living and Nonliving Environment Abiotic Factors Nonliving
The Living and Nonliving Environment
Abiotic Factors § Nonliving, physical features of the environment § Soil, light, water, temperature § Helps determine which species can survive in an area
SOIL § Mixed with biotic and abiotic components § The type of soil in a particular location helps determine the type of plants and other organisms in that location.
LIGHT § Seasonal events are often triggered by a change in the number of hours of daylight. § Sunlight is transformed into chemical energy (photosynthesis)
WATER § Many organisms live in the water, and others consume it. § Almost all organisms are 50 -90% water. § Respiration, photosynthesis, digestion, and other important life processes can take place only in the presence of water.
TEMPERATURE § Changes daily and seasonally § Cold blooded animals have to maintain own body temperature and can’t live where it is extremely cold.
BIOTIC FACTOR § Living organisms in the environment § Unicellular and multicellular
LEVELS OF BIOLOGICAL ORGANIZATION § § § Organism Population Community Ecosystem Biosphere organism population community ecosystem biosphere
ORGANISM § Single individual from a population
POPULATION § All of the individuals of one species living in the same area at the same time. § Individuals within a population are capable of breeding with one another
COMMUNITY § Made up of different species that interact in some way
ECOSYSTEM § Communities and the abiotic factors that affect them.
BIOSPHERE § Made up of all the ecosystems on Earth.
SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIPS § Symbiosis: any close relationship between two or more different species § Mutualism, commensalism, parasitism
MUTUALISM § Benefits both species § Example: Desert Yucca plant and Yucca Moth The yucca plant depends on the moth to pollinate its flowers, and the plant provides a place for the moth to live, reproduce, and provide food for its larvae.
COMMENSALISM § Benefits one partner but does not harm or help the other. § Example: Tropical fish swim into sea anenomes for protection, yet it doesn’t affect the anenome.
PARASITISM § Benefits the parasite, but harms the host. § Example: Tapeworms that live inside the intestines of mammals.
- Slides: 18