The Little Big Science Gary Stix Arthi Perka
The Little Big Science - Gary Stix Arthi Perka
What is a Nanometer? A nanometer is a unit of spatial measurement that is 10 -9 meter, or one billionth of a meter.
Nanotechnology as an emerging field • Interdisciplinary • Nano generates the buzz • What`s in a name?
Nanotechnology deals with materials and systems having these key properties: i. ii. iii. they have atleast one dimension of about 1 to 100 nm they are designed through processes that exhibit control over the physical and chemical attributes of molecular-scale structures they can be combined to form larger structures
Fabrication • Top down approach • Bottom up approach Other tools • Scanning Probe Microscope • Scanning Tunneling Microscope • Atomic Force Microscope
Beyond Silicon “Once conventional silicon electronics goes bust, new nanoelectronic devices are a good bet to replace them. A likely wager, though not a sure one. ” • real applications in bio-nano • improvement of material properties • government hopes
National Nanotechnology Initiative Department/Agency FY 2004 Budget Request Department of Defense* 222. 0 Department of Energy 197. 0 Department of Justice 1. 0 Environmental Protection Agency 5. 0 National Aeronautics and Space Admin. 31. 0 National Institutes of Health 70. 0 National Institute of Standards and Techn 62. 0 National Science Foundation 249. 0 Homeland Security(TSA) 2. 0 Department of Agriculture 10. 0 Total** 849. 0
“Nanotechnology`s bid for respectability is colored by the word`s association with a cabal of futurists who foresee nano as a pathway to utopia. ” • Eric Drexler`s : Engines Of Creation • Dangers of nanotechnology
Dip-Pen Nanolithography
Graphic of Lithography Words written on a silicon substrate using a carbon nanotube tip of 10 nm in diameter
Nanotechnology Highlights • Development of vault nanocapsules • Properties of deformed nanotubes • Magnetic microlevitation chips
Development of Vault Nano Capsules • Vaults are abundant cellular particles found in all cells containing a nucleus • It is possible to produce large quantities of Major Vault Protein (MVP) • The protein is able to self-assemble into vault-like particles • UCLA scientists think that bioengineered vaults can aid in drug delivery, biological sensors, enzyme delivery, etc.
Properties of Deformed Nanotubes • Stretching a CNT, using an atomic force microscope by less than 1% changes it from a metal similar to copper to a semi-conductor similar to Graphite or Silicon • By bending a CNT, the metallic region is confined to the bend- a very low noise source of free electrons
Magnetic Microlevitation Chips • MMC use magnetic field to levitate/trap nanoscale particles • MMC has enormous potential for applications in chemistry, biology etc. • Assembling a chain of red blood cells in a magnetic trap inside a buffer solution
Challenges of Nanotechnology • The Challenge of Technological • • • Development The Challenge of Technological Foresight The Challenge of Credibility and Understanding The Challenge of Formulating Public Policy
References http: //www. sciam. com http: //www. nano. gov http: //www. halcyon. com/nanojbl/Nano. Con. Proc/nanocon 1. html http: //nanospot. org http: //www. foresight. org
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