The Legacy of the Roman Empire EQ To

The Legacy of the Roman Empire EQ: To what extent have the contributions of ancient Rome influenced modern society?

Terms to Know Visual Vocabulary 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. Constantine Constantinople Mural Mosaic Fresco Vault Dome Cathedral Aqueduct Scribe Proverb Philosophy

Visual Vocabulary 1. Constantine 2. Constantinople Definition: emperor of the Roman Empire who moved the capital 850 miles from Rome to Byzantium; called it “New Rome” Definition: the new capital of Rome. It was once called New Rome and later called Constantinople after Constantine.

Visual Vocabulary 3. Mural 4. Mosaic Definition: a painting on a wall Definition: A picture made up of small pieces of tile, glass, or colored stones.

Visual Vocabulary 5. Fresco 6. Vault Definition: a picture painted on Definition: an arched structure the moist plaster of a wall or used to hold up a ceiling

Visual Vocabulary 7. Dome Definition: a roof shaped like a half circle. 8. Cathedral Definition: a large important church.

Visual Vocabulary 9. Aqueduct Definition: a pipe or channel built to carry water between distant places. 10. Scribe Definition: a person who trained to write or copy documents by hand; they used Latin.

Visual Vocabulary 11. Proverb Definition: a popular saying that is meant to express something wise or true. (ex. E pluribus unum…Out of many, one) 12. Philosophy Definition: the study of wisdom, knowledge, and the nature of reality.

The Legacy of the Roman Empire EQ: To what extent have the contributions of ancient Rome influenced modern society?

Reasons for the fall of the Roman Empire in the west. • Political Instability • Economic and Social Problems • Weakening Frontiers

Political Instability Lack of peaceful method for transferal of power Generals fighting for control

Economic Problems 1. huge armies - heavy taxes - poverty 2. slaves - unemployment - poor flood to cities 3. trade declined

Social Problems • 1. corruption and government waste • 2. decline in the spirit of citizenship • 3. crime made roads unsafe

Weakening Frontiers • 1. empire’s huge size made it hard to defend • 2. barbarians move inside empire

Rome is Divided • 1. Constantine sets up new capital in the east at Byzantium (Constantinople). Byzantine Empire last another 1000 years. • 2. barbarians invade in the west and set up separate kingdoms; last emperor driven from throne 476 C. E.

Rome Leaves a Lasting Legacy in • • Art Architecture Engineering Language Writing Philosophy Law Citizenship

Art 1. Important Art Forms: realistic statues, mosaics, frescoes, decorative bottles, gem cutting, metal work and cameos 2. Art Forms that Influence modern life: murals, lifelike statues, cut gems, and cameos

Architecture and Engineering • Important Architectural and Engineering Achievements: arch, vault, dome, concrete, stadium, triumphal arch, roads, bridges, and aqueducts. • Architecture and Engineering that Influence Modern Life: designs of churches, banks, government buildings (including our Capitol dome), stadiums. Some modern roads are built over Roman roads and some aqueducts are used today.

Language and Writing • Roman alphabet has 23 letters; English 26 letters (J, U, W) • The numbers 1, 10, 100, and 1000 were written as I, X, C, and M. 5 was V, L is 50, and D is 500. • Roman language that influences modern life: proverbs, Latin root words and prefixes.

Latin Roots Used in English Words Latin Root Anima Civis Meaning English Word(s) Life, breath, soul Animal, animated Citizen, community Civic, civilian Lex, legalis Law, legal legislature Manus Hand manual Militare Military, militia Portare To serve as a soldier To carry Unus One United, union Urbs City Suburb, urban Verbum word Verbal, verbatim Portable, portion

Latin Prefixes Used in English Words Latin Prefix Meaning English Word(s) In, im, il Not Inactive, impossible, illogical Inter Com, co Among, between international Together, with Communicate, cooperate Pre Post Re Semi Sub Before After, behind Back, again Half Precede, previous Under. Less than, inferior to Submarine, substandard Trans Across, through transportation postpone Remember semicircle

Philosophy, Law, and Citizenship • Important Roman ideas: 1. Live in a way that agrees with nature 2. The only true good thing in life is to have good character 3. Everyone has natural rights • Ways Roman philosophy, law, and citizenship have affected modern life: 1. Some legal codes are based on Roman laws 2. Many people today believe in natural rights as stated in the Declaration of Independence 3. In the U. S. , all citizens have the same rights

Add info to each bubble related to the legacy and lasting achievement, additional bubbles where needed…then add a picture for each section. Citizenship Art Law Philosophy Architecture Engineering Language Writing

Chapter 1 Study Guide Terms Review each of the following terms to be sure you have an understanding of its importance to our unit of study. • • • Constantine (p. 9) fresco (p. 10) aqueduct (p. 13) Constantinople (p. 9) vault (p. 12) scribe (p. 14) mural (p. 10) dome (p. 12) proverb (p. 15) mosaic (p. 10) cathedral (p. 12) philosophy (p. 16) Essential Questions Consult your Reading Notes and, when necessary, History Alive! The Medieval World and Beyond. For each question below, record notes that prepare you to answer it. 1. At the height of the Roman Empire in 117 C. E. , what areas were included within its borders? 2. What problems contributed to the decline of the Roman Empire ? 3. How and why did the Roman Empire ultimately fall? What happened to the eastern and western halves of the empire following the fall of Rome? 4. What contributions did the Roman Empire make in the following areas: art, architecture and engineering, language and writing, philosophy, and law? 5. How did Roman ideas about citizenship influence modern times?