The Layers of the Earth EQ What layers

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The Layers of the Earth EQ: What layers make up the earth?

The Layers of the Earth EQ: What layers make up the earth?

What’s inside the earth?

What’s inside the earth?

Inner Core • Extremely hot, solid sphere • Mostly iron (Fe) and Nickle (Ni)

Inner Core • Extremely hot, solid sphere • Mostly iron (Fe) and Nickle (Ni) • 3, 200 -3, 960 miles (5, 150 -6, 378 km) below the surface • 750 miles in diameter • 1. 7% of the Earth’s mass

Outer Core • Sole liquid layer of the earth • Mostly Iron (Fe), Sulfur

Outer Core • Sole liquid layer of the earth • Mostly Iron (Fe), Sulfur (S), and Oxygen • 1, 800 to 3, 200 miles (2, 890 -5, 150 km) below the surface • 1, 400 miles (2, 300 km) thick • 30. 8% of the Earth’s mass • 3700 degrees Celsius

Mantle • Subdivided into two regions (upper and lower) • Made of hot, semi-solid

Mantle • Subdivided into two regions (upper and lower) • Made of hot, semi-solid rock • Iron (Fe), Magnesium (Mg), Aluminum (Al), Silicon (Si), and Oxygen (O) compounds • Located directly below the crust

Mantle (cont. ) • • 1, 800 miles (2, 900 km) thick 67. 3%

Mantle (cont. ) • • 1, 800 miles (2, 900 km) thick 67. 3% of the Earth’s mass 1000 degrees Celsius Convection in this layer drives plate tectonics

Crust Hard and rigid Earth’s outermost layer Calcium (Ca), Sodium (Na), Aluminum Silicates Only

Crust Hard and rigid Earth’s outermost layer Calcium (Ca), Sodium (Na), Aluminum Silicates Only a few miles thick (5 km) under the oceans Approximately 20 miles (30 km) thick under the continents • 0. 473% of the Earth’s mass • • •

Homework • Answer your essential question to this portion of the lesson. • EQ:

Homework • Answer your essential question to this portion of the lesson. • EQ: What layers make up the Earth? • Be sure to be detailed in your response. • Disclaimer: Listing the four layers will only earn you a 1.

Layers of the Earth: Density Lab EQ: How does density affect the Earth’s layers?

Layers of the Earth: Density Lab EQ: How does density affect the Earth’s layers?

Materials • • Beaker Vermiculite Transparent plastic block Water Corn Oil Graduate Cylinders Periodic

Materials • • Beaker Vermiculite Transparent plastic block Water Corn Oil Graduate Cylinders Periodic Table Steel washers

Pre-lab Predictions • How will the different objects be sorted when placed in the

Pre-lab Predictions • How will the different objects be sorted when placed in the water and oil? • How could this model the formation of the earth?

Procedure 1. Take a 200 ml beaker and pour 100 ml of water and

Procedure 1. Take a 200 ml beaker and pour 100 ml of water and 50 ml of oil into the beaker. a) What do you observe? b) Why do you suppose this occurred?

Procedure 2. Make predictions about the following (record in your journal) a. Where do

Procedure 2. Make predictions about the following (record in your journal) a. Where do you think the vermiculite will settle in the beaker when dropped into the water and oil? Why? b. Where do you think the plastic block will settle in the beaker when dropped into the mixture of water and oil? Why? c. Where do you think the steel washers will settle in the beaker when dropped into the mixture of water and oil? Why?

Procedure 3. Gently drop the vermiculite, steel washer, and plastic block into the beaker.

Procedure 3. Gently drop the vermiculite, steel washer, and plastic block into the beaker. 4. MAKE A SKETCH in your journal showing where each object ended up staying in the beaker. 5. LABEL YOUR SKETCH.

Questions 1. What happened to the different materials when you put them together in

Questions 1. What happened to the different materials when you put them together in the beaker? What caused this to occur? 2. What do we need to know to determine the density of a material? 3. How could you determine the density of the Earth?

Questions (continued) 4. If this is a model for what happened as the Earth

Questions (continued) 4. If this is a model for what happened as the Earth formed, what can be inferred from the model about the structure of the earth? 5. Would random samples of material from the different layers of the Earth be the same density? Where in the Earth would you expect the most dense materials to be found? Why?

Homework Complete the homework page. Rank the elements 1 -9 based on their location

Homework Complete the homework page. Rank the elements 1 -9 based on their location in the Earth. 1 indicating the element closest to the center of the earth; 9 indicating the element farthest from the center of the earth. Answer the questions that follow.