The Korean War Chapter 25 Section 4 The

The Korean War Chapter 25 Section 4 The Cold War Begins Riddlebarger

Korea

Korea Before the War • Korean peninsula • Russia, China, Japan • Historical impact • World War II

Post-WW 2 Korea • Temporary Divide • North- USSR • South- USA • 38 th Parallel • Commitment

North Korean ambitions • Kim Il Sung • Syngman Rhee • Different views on unity

Start of the Korean War • June 25 th, 1950 • Soviet aid • surprise to U. S. leaders • U. S. troop withdrawal

South Korea

U. S. Policy • …”It is clear that the main element of U. S. policy toward the Soviet Union must be that of long-term, patient but firm vigilant containment of Russian expansive tendencies. ” “ I believe that it must be the policy of the U. S. to support free peoples who are resisting the attempted subjugation of armed minorities or by outside pressures. I believe that we must assist free peoples to work out their own destinies in their own way. ”

Early Action • Impact of China 1949 • United Nations

The Role of the United Nations • U. N. Security Council decison • Soviet absence • Truman reluctance

U. S. Troops hit the ground • June 30 th: Truman action • police action. • Douglas Mac. Arthur • 15 nations (40, 000)

Key Battles • N. Korean advantage • fighting conditions • July: discouraging news • stand at Busan

Busan (Pusan) U. N. troops form 130 mile line around Busan.

Reinforcing Busan • Busan success • Communists stall • UN re-inforcements @ Busan. • Mac. Arthur on the offensive.

The Inchon Landing • amphibious landing • 70, 000 troop

North Korea on the run • Inchon success Question now is: Should they stop at the 38 th parallel or follow into North Korea?

Decision on 38 th parallel • Mac. Arthur view • concerns • Truman decision

Chinese Intervention • Good decision • Little Chinese activity • Late November, final push? • 260, 000 Chinese

UN forces retreat • Chinese attack • UN: full retreat • Mac. Arthur concerns • 8 th U. S. Army falls back • Negative military history. • Winter impact

Early 1951 • Early 1951: situation • Mac. Arthur desires • Expansion of war • Atomic weapons • April 1951, Lt. Gen. Matthew Ridgway success • impact

Mac. Arthur Fired • • Truman view Mac. Arthur reaction Mac. Arthur in public eyes Truman response • impact

Unsuccessful Negotiations • July 1951: peace negotiations • Casualties to this point • Sticking point • Impact on negotiations

Battle wages on • Strategy of each side • Bloody Ridge and Heartbreak Ridge • UN losses during this period.

Negotiations Continue • Negotiations resume • POW • Fighting resumes • 1952 continuation of war • Panmunjon negotiations

Events of 1953 • 1952: Election year in US • Ike promises • Fighting increases • Armistice -July 27 th

DMZ

Korea ends up looking much the same as it did before the war War Casualties: Communists: 2 million dead U. S. : 27, 000 dead U. N. : 60, 000 dead 3 million Korean civilians dead or wounded