The International Association of Plastics Distributors Amorphous and
The International Association of Plastics Distributors Amorphous and Semi-Crystalline Engineering Thermoplastics Materials, properties and applications. Prepared by the IAPD Education Committee (Module 4) Presented courtesy of Modern Plastics Inc. The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4
The International Association of Plastics Distributors The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4
The International Association of Plastics Distributors Amorphous Engineering Thermoplastics Key Characteristics • Moderate cost, strength and temperature resistance • Good impact resistance • Translucency • Good dimensional stability • Excellent optical qualities The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4
The International Association of Plastics Distributors Amorphous Engineering Thermoplastics Materials • • Polycarbonate (PC) Polyphenylene Oxide (PPO) Polyphenelyne Ether (PPE) Thermoplastic Urethane (TPU) The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4
The International Association of Plastics Distributors Polycarbonate (PC) Strengths l Excellent clarity l Excellent toughness l Good heat resistance l Excellent electrical properties l Intrinsic flame-retardancy l Excellent strength The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4
The International Association of Plastics Distributors Polycarbonate (PC) Limitations • Continual exposure to hot water causes gradual embitterment • Most aromatic solvents, esters and ketones can cause crazing and cracking The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4
The International Association of Plastics Distributors Polycarbonate (PC) Applications • • • Vandal resistant windows Machine guards Outdoor signs Sky lights Backboards Bike, roller blading protective wear The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4
The International Association of Plastics Distributors Modified Polyphenylene Oxide (Mod PPO) Modified Polyphenylene Ether (Mod PPE) Key Characteristics • High dielectric strength • Available in FDA compliant grades • Less expensive than polycarbonate (PC) • Good chemical resistance to strong acids, bases and water • Wide range of processing • Good creep resistance The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4
The International Association of Plastics Distributors Modified Polyphenylene Oxide (Mod PPO) Modified Polyphenylene Ether (Mod PPE) Applications • Electrical housings in appliance, computers, business equipment, etc. • Water purification equipment parts • Insulators • Gears The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4
The International Association of Plastics Distributors Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) Key Characteristics • • Wide range of service temperatures Wide range of harness options Excellent tear resistance Excellent compression strength Excellent resistance to non polar solvents Excellent electrical properties Excellent abrasion resistance High tensile strength The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4
The International Association of Plastics Distributors Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) Applications • Impact resistant housings • Valves • Water filter caps • Geophysical cable spacer The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4
The International Association of Plastics Distributors Semi-Crystalline Engineering Thermoplastics Key Characteristics • Moderate cost, strength • Moderate temperature resistance • Good chemical resistance • Good bearing and wear properties • Low COF • Difficult to bond The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4
The International Association of Plastics Distributors Semi-Crystalline Engineering Thermoplastics Materials • • • Polyamide (PA) — Nylon Polyoxymethylene (POM) — Acetal Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) Polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMW-PE) The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4
The International Association of Plastics Distributors Nylon (PA) Strengths • • • Good strength Good toughness Fair heat resistance Good chemical resistance Low COF The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4
The International Association of Plastics Distributors Nylon (PA) Limitations l l l Strong acidic environments Areas where moisture absorption is of concern Areas experiencing high operating temperatures The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4
The International Association of Plastics Distributors Nylon (PA) Applications • • Film Automotive Electrical/electronics Consumer goods The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4
The International Association of Plastics Distributors Cast PA vs. Extruded PA • Extruded nylon can be produced in almost any grade • Cast nylon grades are limited to Type 6, Type 6 1/2 and some Type 12 • Generally Nylon 6/6 and Nylon 6 (cast or extruded) are interchangeable in most applications (physical property differences are minor) • Nylon 6/6 is stronger and stiffer than Nylon 6, and has more resistance to compression • Nylon 6 has better elongation values than Nylon 6/6, providing better ductility • Cast Nylon can be produced in large profiles and custom shapes, and is generally less expensive than extruded grades The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4
The International Association of Plastics Distributors Acetal (POM) Strengths • • Good dimensional stability Good wear resistance Excellent strength Excellent stiffness Good rigidity Low moisture absorption Low COF The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4
The International Association of Plastics Distributors Acetal (POM) Limitations • Centerline porosity in copolymers • Using copolymer in hot water environments (boiling/steam) • Strong acidic environments • Strong alkali environments • Areas experiencing high operating temperatures The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4
The International Association of Plastics Distributors Acetal (POM) Applications • • Bearings Bushings Valve seats Washers Nozzles Spools Cams The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4
The International Association of Plastics Distributors Thermoplastic Polyesters Key Characteristics Good range of mechanical properties Good dimensional stability Superior Good chemical resistance electrical properties The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4
The International Association of Plastics Distributors Thermoplastic Polyesters Materials • Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) • Polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4
The International Association of Plastics Distributors Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Polybutylene Terephthalate (PBT) Key Characteristics • • High dimensional stability under heat High stiffness and hardness Good bearing strength Good electrical properties Good resistance to chemicals Good stress-cracking resistance Excellent flow characteristics The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4
The International Association of Plastics Distributors Thermoplastic Polyesters Applications • • Pump components Automotive components Food packaging components Insulators The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4
The International Association of Plastics Distributors Thermoplastic Polyesters Caution! Watch high temperature environments! Use caution when recommending thermoplastic polyesters in applications requiring high temperature resistance, above 93 -121 o. C/200 -250 o. F. The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4
The International Association of Plastics Distributors Ultra High Molecular Weight PE (UHMW-PE) Strengths • Highest abrasion resistance and impact strength of any plastic • Very low COF • Excellent cryogenic (low temperature) material • Self-lubricating • FDA/USDA compliant The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4
The International Association of Plastics Distributors Ultra High Molecular Weight PE (UHMW-PE) Limitations • Only good until 82 o. C/180 o. F • Not a self-supporting material • High cost for tooling for custom extrusion and custom parts The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4
The International Association of Plastics Distributors Ultra High Molecular Weight PE (UHMW-PE) Applications • Guides • Wear strips • Liners The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4
The International Association of Plastics Distributors The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4
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