THE INSECT HEAD AND ITS APPENDAGES A good

THE INSECT HEAD AND ITS APPENDAGES

A good web site for insect anatomy http: //www. cals. ncsu. edu/course/ent 425/library/tutorials/index. html

Head Capsule Neck Mouthparts

Head Segmentation

Insect Head Occiput Compound Eyes Ocelli Frons Gena Clypeus Mandible Labrum 1 st Maxilla Labium (2 nd Maxilla)

Insect Heads 3 basic types Prognathous ? ? Hypognathous Opisthorhynchous

Insect Heads Evolution of Prognathy 1. Hypostomal Bridge 2. Postgenal Bridge 3. Gula

Insect Mouthparts

Insect Mouthparts Labrum Mandible Hypopharynx 1 st Maxilla Labium (2 nd maxilla)

Insect Mouthparts Labrum -”upper lip” - contains chemosensory sensilla

Insect Mouthparts Mandible Molar surface Incisor surface

Insect Mouthparts Mandible - in a grasshopper -a dicondylic joint -emphasize strength over mobility

Insect Mouthparts 1 st Maxilla Cardo Stipes Palp Lacinia Galea

Insect Mouthparts Labium (2 nd Maxilla) Submentum Mentum Prementum Glossa Palp Paraglossa can be fused to form a Ligula

Comparison of 1 st and 2 nd Maxillae Cardo Stipes Submentum Mentum Palp Lacinia Galea Prementum Glossa Palp Paraglossa

Hypopharynx Labium Salivarium Cibarium Hypopharynx

Modifications of Mouthparts -Piercing and Sucking Front Mandibles Maxillae Channel for food Channel for saliva Back

Modifications of Mouthparts Cutting and Sponging Labrum Mandibles Hypopharynx Labellum Maxillae e. g. deerflies

Modifications of Mouthparts Sponging e. g. housefly

Modifications of Mouthparts Siphoning e. g. butterfly

Modifications of Mouthparts Stabbing e. g. Mosquito

Head Capsule Neck Mouthparts

Tentorium - internal support for the head capsule Posterior arms Anterior arms Dorsal arms Cut away view of the head capsule

Tentorium - internal support for the head capsule

Insect Antennal socket Antennal sclerite Pedicel Flagellum Antennifer Antennal suture Scape

Insect Antennae Aristate Monoliform Pectinate Capitate Plumose Clavate Serrate Filiform Geniculate

Insect Antennae Aristate Capitate Monoliform Pectinate Clavate Plumose Filiform Serrate Geniculate