The Inquisition The Inquisition A prolonged and intensive

The Inquisition

The Inquisition: A prolonged and intensive questioning and investigation. Predominately used by the Catholic Church to suppress heresy There were really 3 distinct Inquisitions

Medieval Inquisition 1180’s 1240’s Focused in southern France and Northern Italy Response to heretical movements Catharism - Good God and Bad God Waldensians - poverty = salvation Way to: Maintain order Protect church power Offer heretics a way to change their ways

Spanish Inquisition 1478 - 1834 Under Isabella and Ferdinand (1478) - not the Pope Largely to ensure conversion of Jews and Muslims

Roman Inquisition 1542 1908 Renamed Largely to combat Protestantism Combat any heresy - or anything that went against Catholic Church doctrine. * 1545 - 1563 Council of Trent

Council of Trent 1545 1563 The Catholic Church has the final say on the Bible Any other is heretical Need good works to get into Heaven The Bible and Church have equal authority Indulgences were ok Began the Index of Forbidden Books One of which was Copernicus's

How it worked Ran by Bishops or Cardinals - Inquisitors • Offer to confess • Then allow accusers to accuse • Arrest • Taken away (very secret) • Not known the charge or by whom

Torture and Burning

Historiography Catholic Church says the history is exaggerated Not so bad considering Others say it was horrible church sponsored massacre The numbers are hard to determine Spain 50 k - 400 k cases 1 k - 30 k burned at the stake Maybe only 3% of accused were actually tortured

We do know that Galileo was tried by the Inquisition “The Starry Messenger” - 1610 1616 - Inquisition in Rome - declared the heliocentric system of Nicolaus Copernicus to be “foolish and absurd in philosophy” and “formally heretical” “Dialogue Concerning the Chief Two Systems” 1632 Trial in 1633

The Trial of Galileo “Galileo before the Holy Office” Joseph-Nicolas Robert-Fleury - 1847

Galileo DBQ What is your argument/claim? ? ? Review the DBQ - decide the best pieces of evidence from the DBQ and your background knowledge. Write those down

Galileo DBQ As a group; decide your best pieces of evidence that can support your claim Choose one member to be your scribe Organize your argument into an outline How would you present your argument in a logical way? How would you counter the opposing side’s best argument?