The Industrial Revolution Why Britain Why then Natural

The Industrial Revolution Why Britain, Why then?

Natural conditions favorable ßWaterways ßIron ßCoal Isolated from Europe

Agricultural Revolution, 1700 -1800 ßJethro Tull, 1674 -1741 ßFirst Modern Farmer ßInvented seed drill

Agricultural Rev. (contd. ) ßEnclosures ßCrop rotation system ßImprovement became the goal

Agricultural Rev. (contd. ) Led to: ßLess workers needed in rural areas $$More disposable income $$ ßCheaper food + more sanitary conditions = Population Explosion ßMore efficient food production

What was Britain like in 1750?

Lesson overview – copy the questions into your exercise book leaving 5 lines between each one 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. How many people were there? What was the government like? How healthy were people? How did people get around? How did people make money? How ‘Great’ was Britain?

How many people were there? How do historians know how many people lived in Britain in 1750?

#2 What was the government like? Political conditions calm n Constitutional Monarchy n Relative Stability n Economic growth n What was going on in France during the 1790’s? n

How healthy were people? Medicine & hygiene very primitive n Killer diseases – pneumonia, bronchitis, diphtheria, tuberculosis, cholera & smallpox n Average life expectancy 30 yrs n 15 in every 100 children died before 1 st birthday n 1 in 5 mothers died n Bacteria

How did people get around? n ‘We set out at six in the morning and didn’t get out of the carriages (except when we overturned or got stuck in the mud) for 14 hours. We had nothing to eat and passed through some of the worst roads I ever saw in my life’ This is a description of a journey by Queen Anne in 1704 from Windsor to Petworth – a journey of 40 miles. What does it tell us about transport at the time?

How did people make money? n n n 8 out of 10 worked in countryside Subsistence farming Cottage industries - factories rarely employed more than 50 people Handmade – buttons, needles, cloth, bricks, pottery, bread etc. Developing towns – Liverpool, Birmingham, Glasgow How many objects do you have about you or can you see in the room that are handmade? Welsh spinsters

How ‘Great’ was Britain? British empire growing – Canada, West Indies, Africa, India & America n Imported goods from plantations, e. g. cotton, tobacco & sugar n Exported – cloth, pottery, metal goods n

What is the textile industry? What is created in a textile factory? n Why do you think that this was one of the first industries? n

How did the following inventions change the textile industries? Skill 4 Sam Slater's Factory system: Created the first factories. Moving from working in your home or a small village to a large factory with many other people around you. n

Proto-industry ßDivision of labor ßPutting-out system or cottage industry

Your task Pretend you are a foreign ambassador, sent on a trip to Britain by a foreign king. You must prepare a report on Britain for your king back home. Remember not to be too complimentary otherwise your king may get jealous! Include references to population, agricultural revolution, government, health, transport, industry, and the change in the empire since you

Your task n n n An advertising company has asked you to make a 60 second commercial emphasising the positive aspects of life in Britain in 1750. Try to include references to all the following features: Population Government Health Transport Industry Empire