THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 1700 1900

THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 1700 -1900 s Industrial Revolution – refers to the greatly increased output of machine-made goods that began in England during the 18 th century

AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION Huge improvements in farming §Improved crop rotation §Robert Bakewell- Selective breeding §Jethro Tull- Seed drill

WHY BRITAIN? Britain had: Large population (big cities) Resources (water, coal, iron) Stable government and economy

FACTORS OF PRODUCTION The resources needed to produce goods and services Land Labor (manpower) Capital (wealth)

INVENTIONS AND INVENTORS John Kay- Flying Shuttle (textiles) James Hargreaves- Spinning Jenny (textiles) Richard Arkwright- Water Frame (textiles) Eli Whitney- Cotton Gin (textiles) James Watts- Steam Engine (powering factories) Robert Fulton- Steamboat (transportation) Richard Trevithick- Steam Powered Locomotive (transportation)

ADAM SMITH SCOTLAND Book Wealth of Nations (1776) Three natural laws Self interest- people work for their own good Competition- competition forces people to make better products Supply and Demand- enough goods will be produced at the lowest possible price to meet demand in a market economy

KARL MARX AND FRIEDRICH ENGELS The Communist Manifesto q. Bourgeoisie- Wealthy employers q. Proletariat- Poor workers

MARX AND ENGELS “The proletarians have nothing to lose but their chains. They have a world to win. Working men of all countries must unite. ” Communism- NO private property– all goods and services are shared equally

Capitalism Businesses/individuals own the means of production Communism The government/community owns means of production Individuals should follow Individuals should work their own interests for the good of all Competition drives prices Employers take down and improves advantage of workers– goods the community has to take action Government should not Government should

REFORMS Union- an association of workers, formed to bargain for better working conditions and higher wages Strike- to refuse to work in order to force and employer to meet certain demands

LIFE AS A FACTORY WORKER q. Try to get into the character of an 1800 s factory worker. You will write two pages (or one page front and back) about your life in the factory. The writing should be in first person and it should be in the form of journal entries. Include what your work day is like, your economic situation, your family life, and perhaps include unions, going on strike, hearing about Karl Marx etc. q. Use information found in Chapter 25 section 2 and 4 to describe what your experiences are like.

EXAMPLE March 30, 1836 Dear Journal, Today I worked on the water frame… work was very hard. One of my friends at work had a terrible cough today, but she had no time or money to go to the doctor…