The industrial gamma ray inspection a global approach

The industrial gamma ray inspection: a global approach for a radiation protection issue Gonzague ABELA

1 - First descriptions of the gamma shooting An unknown nightly activity ; A « risky » activity ; Reliable materials; 2 10/24/2021 Entité d'appartenance

A « simple » work: it would be enough to follow the good procedures Take the source out of the storage Beaconing and installation Source ejection 3 10/24/2021 Entité d'appartenance Source storage Removing of the tooling Source back in the camera

2 – The incidents analyse A strong media impact ; Different perception from the exposure levels Analyses focused on the operators 4 10/24/2021 Entité d'appartenance

3 - The discovery of a complex activity 3. 1 – Many stages 5 10/24/2021 Entité d'appartenance

Preparation - Knowledge of the site organisation ; - Work file : Carrying out -Take the camera out of the source storage; Dosimetry - Transportation on site ; ALARA - Localization of the valve and location of the Area plan, welding Work permit, Doses prediction - Link with other activities (insulation, scaffolding, brushing, shielding, drain circuits … - Checking of the area - Information of the workers, supervision of the area -Beaconing of the area; - Film installation ; - Taking into account of the physical environment: temperature, lighting, dose rate; and accessibility ; - Calculation of the exposure time and test ; - radiography ; - Monitoring of dosimetry ; - Removing, …. . 6 10/24/2021 Feedback Entité d'appartenance

The material necessary 7 10/24/2021 Entité d'appartenance

3. 2 - Variabilities Preparation Variable More Few Knowledge of NDT according to sites; or less detailed files an area plans; or not detailed preliminary visits of the work area; Preparation limited; 8 10/24/2021 a more or less integrated stage, even very Entité d'appartenance

Variabilities Carrying out Implantation Size of the source storage; of the exclusion area (negotiation, intrusion) ; Storage and transportation of the tooling ; Accessibility with the weldings ; Circuits full of water, positioning of the scaffolding, insulation removing. 9 10/24/2021 Entité d'appartenance

Variabilities Realization Alternations of waiting and of temporal pressure; Material incidents; Physical environments (dosimetry, contamination, lighting) Adjustment Incidents 10 10/24/2021 of the exposure times; of development; Entité d'appartenance

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3. 4 – The difficulties The transport of the equipment; Wearing of load; Risks postures; Night-work; To fight against micro-phases of sleep The cost of vigilance; Changes of rhythms 13 10/24/2021 Entité d'appartenance

4 - Another glance on incidents « Vigilance it is work » Multicausality of the accidents; From lack of attention to lack of vigilance; 14 10/24/2021 Entité d'appartenance

Individual: Organization in the action • Intrusion in the beaconing; • Night-work • Search for information-documents (phases of micro-sleep) • Waitings-New requests • Routine • Organisational Insulation Equipment • Incidents, blocking, • Presentation of information 15 • Carriages and 10/24/2021 storage Entité d'appartenance - Instability of the collectives - preparation, No. of radio, etc. ) • Painfulness (effort-postures) • Conditions of recovery (sleep, food, drugs …) - Change of sites and time of transfer - temporal Pressure • Tires • Interruptions Organisation : Vigilance is work Risks Factors of degradation of vigilance -rganisational pressure (waited other actors) Environment -Accessibility -Physical Environments (lighting, …) - Dose rate -Contamination

5 – Area For Improvement Propositions Analyze accidents: not to stick only at the individual level and the carelessness ; To limit the factors of degradation of vigilance to the levels: 16 § Individual; § Organisational ; § Technique; 10/24/2021 Entité d'appartenance

Area For Improvement Propositions Organisation Inequalities Unequal of knowledge of trade NDT on the sites; conditions of preparation; Collectives of radiologists burst in perpetual recombining (which management by the companies? ); Organisational 17 10/24/2021 insulation Entité d'appartenance

Area For Improvement Propositions Technique Redundancy The of alarms; information given by the camera; Revolutions Permanent counters; locations of the weldings; Means of fixing of the nozzles; Means of handling and storage facilities; Physical environments (lighting, dosimetry) the adaptation of the combinations (window, pockets etc. ) Technique 18 10/24/2021 Entité d'appartenance

Area For Improvement Propositions Training Growing old Population; Stabilization and transfer of know-how; Setting in situation and taking into account of variabilities in the initial formations; Places 19 10/24/2021 of training Entité d'appartenance

Area For Improvement Propositions Health and life with work a population "exposed" to difficult working conditions: need for taking care of it; An inventory of fixtures as regards health necessary; Which taking into account of health in daily organisation The management of displacements and lodging Evaluation 20 10/24/2021 of the companies of the risks Entité d'appartenance

Area For Improvement Propositions …… 21 10/24/2021 Entité d'appartenance

A SFRP COFREND Working group Who ? Radiation Protection Specialists not only from NDT Cies, and Nuclear Industry (Oil industry, …) Authority NDT Body engineers managers operators Transport 60 22 experts, … people 10/24/2021 Entité d'appartenance

A SFRP COFREND Working group What ? Applicable regulation Feedback experience http: //relir. cepn. asso. fr/ Technical The from incidents, and its use: training material and associated equipments Dosimetry Help Self for a risk evaluation (Social, Oranisational, Human approaches) assesment guide Distribution of the responsabilities Transportation 23 10/24/2021 Entité d'appartenance

PRACTICE IN EDF : storage Coordination is responsibility for the OPERATOR the source is put under the responsibility for the site 24 10/24/2021 Entité d'appartenance

PRACTICE IN EDF : licence of gamma-ray inspection A licence of gamma-ray inspection identical on all the sites the description of the responsibilities is specified To aim at a licence of shooting = to engage its responsibility 25 10/24/2021 Entité d'appartenance

PRACTICE IN EDF : The "personal element" "engagements of the client of the site » : 8 points to help the radiographer to prepare, perfom his job, and to support confidence to be able to identify and treat the variations 26 10/24/2021 Entité d'appartenance

PRACTICE IN EDF : The plans of beaconing Standardized and filed plans of beaconing 27 10/24/2021 Entité d'appartenance

PRACTICE IN EDF : The limitation of the zones of beaconing The more reduced one zone of exclusion is, the more it is tight: 4, 4 T Bq (120 Ci) Ir-192 28 10/24/2021 Entité d'appartenance

PRACTICE IN EDF : The limitation of the zones of beaconing The european practices (EAN WG) 29 10/24/2021 Entité d'appartenance

PRACTICE IN EDF : The sound alarm dosimeter ALL the radiographers wear such dosimeter 30 10/24/2021 Entité d'appartenance

PRACTICE IN EDF : The sentinel Put in the vicinity of the sources and camera Backgroud measurement Light switch on when the Dose Rate increases Light switch of when the Dose Rate decreases 31 10/24/2021 Entité d'appartenance

PRACTICE IN EDF : a specific carriage 32 10/24/2021 Entité d'appartenance

PRACTICE IN EDF : a specific beaconing 33 10/24/2021 Entité d'appartenance

Strong messages To take care of vigilance The risk of an organisational insulation A degradation of the working conditions of the radiologists 34 10/24/2021 Entité d'appartenance

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