The Hundred Years War 1337 1453 Could not

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The Hundred Years War 1337 -1453 • Could not have had this level of

The Hundred Years War 1337 -1453 • Could not have had this level of war if did not have: Two central monarchies: France and England Fight over English claim to French throne Fight on & off for more than 100 years devastating war (fought mostly on French soil), victory switches back and forth between the powers. Who Wins? France in 1453

Impact of 100 years War • France: Even though tremendous cost and land devastated,

Impact of 100 years War • France: Even though tremendous cost and land devastated, France power and prestige increases • England: • Period of turmoil, • War of the Roses: Civil war over throne • Power of parliament Increases

Impact of 100 years War cont. • “Nationalism”: Gave birth to the idea of

Impact of 100 years War cont. • “Nationalism”: Gave birth to the idea of viewing the king, not as a feudal lord, but as a: National leader fighting for their country Marks the End of the Middle Ages Many historians consider the end of this war as the end of the Middle Ages because we see the two twin pillars crumble: 1. Religious devotion 2. Age of chivalry/feudalism Dies on the Battle fields of Crecy, Poitiers, Agincourt: longbow

Arming for War

Arming for War

The Great Schism Universal rule of pope Vs. royal rule of king • Background:

The Great Schism Universal rule of pope Vs. royal rule of king • Background: begins with continued conflict between church and state Players: King Philip IV (France) Vs. Pope Boniface VIII Problem: Conflict over power Philip claimed power over bishops Pope says no - King must always obey pope Philip says No way!

 • Instead of obeying the Pope, Philip had him held prisoner in 1303,

• Instead of obeying the Pope, Philip had him held prisoner in 1303, he wanted to put him on trial but the pope was rescued and then died. • When Philip failed to keep: Pope Boniface 1305 He persuaded the College of Cardinals to select a new one. Pope and he moved from Rome to Avignon • This badly weakens the church Tries to move back to Rome but end up with • 1378: two popes: 1 in France and 1 in Rome

Result: The Great Schism • Before over there were 3 Popes!!! • 1417 ends,

Result: The Great Schism • Before over there were 3 Popes!!! • 1417 ends, three popes resign, new pope chosen Impact 1. church power weakened 2. People beginning to lose faith in the church 3. People like John Wycliff begin to question the authority of the clergy and say church’s true authority are Jesus and the Bible, not pope Seeds of Reformation are planted