THE HUMAN POPULATION STABILIZING WORLD POPULATION URBANIZATION 12192021

THE HUMAN POPULATION STABILIZING WORLD POPULATION

URBANIZATION 12/19/2021 Ecological Footprint 2

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: kk 12/19/2021 Ecological Footprint 3

Human Population: Demographic Transitions Demographers developed hypothesis to explain slowing of population growth using changing in birth & death rates = demographic transition Initially, birthrate & death rate equally high advances decrease death rate, while birth rate remains high (births > deaths pop increase) modernization decreases birthrate population growth slows eventually, birthrate & death rates are equally low & population growth stops 12/19/2021 Ecological Footprint 4

Human Population: Demographic Transitions 12/19/2021 Ecological Footprint 5

Human Population: Demographic Transitions 12/19/2021 Ecological Footprint 6

Human Population: Population & Urbanization in general, recent history urbanization – process whereby people move from rural areas to densely populated cities move from rural urban transform rural areas urban areas how many people live in an area? how people make a living? rural – fishing, logging, farming urban – not connected directly w/ natural resource 12/19/2021 Ecological Footprint 7

Human Population: Urbanization Trends 51% of world lives in urban areas w/ pop > 2000 % of people living in cities compared w/ rural settings is > in highly developed countries than developing countries 2011: urban inhabitants 400 cities have more than 1 million people 75% of total pop of highly developed countries 46% of total pop of developing countries most urban growth in world is occurring in developing countries 12/19/2021 Ecological Footprint 8

URBANIZATION: DEVELOPED Vs. DEVELOPING COUNTRIES 12/19/2021 Ecological Footprint 9

Projecting the World’s 10 Largest Cities in 2025 8 of 10 will be in developing countries 12/19/2021 Ecological Footprint 10

Human Population: Why the Shift from Rural Urban? advances in agriculture fewer farms needed to support an increased # of people developing countries: few wealthy people own most of land & poor farmers are denied access to it less employment opportunities cities provide more job opportunities & income (industry, economic development, educational & cultural opportunities, & technological advancements) 12/19/2021 Ecological Footprint 11

URBANIZATION TRENDS City populations more heterogeneity than rural areas Younger age structure than rural areas Resources flow into and out of the city 12/19/2021 Ecological Footprint 12

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Human Population: U. S. History of Urbanization Europeans 1 st settled N. A. mostly rural most of migration to cities occurred during past 150 years w/ increased need for industrial labor & decreased need for agricultural labor 2011: ~79% of U. S. pop lived in cities growth slow enough to allow important city services (e. g. water purification, sewage treatment, education, & adequate housing) issue with suburban sprawl 12/19/2021 commute to work dependence on cars Ecological Footprint 14

URBANIZATION & ENVIRONMENT urban ecosystems require energy, water, & other resources management depends on wealth & government 12/19/2021 Ecological Footprint 15

Urbanization & the Environment: Cons destroy vital ecosystems (e. g. wetlands) suburban sprawl brownfields – areas of abandoned, vacant factories, warehouses, & residential sites contaminated from past use must clean up before redevelopment airborne emissions – worse in developing countries water & urban runoff developing nations, pace of urbanization too quick strains schools, medical & transportation systems, env. 12/19/2021 Ecological Footprint 16

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Urbanization & the Environment: Pros benefits can outweigh environmental problems well-planned city reduce pollution & preserve rural areas bicycle lanes & walkways walk, cycle, take public transit less automobiles less parking lots & highways more room for parks, open space, housing, & business compact development – design of cities in which tall, multiple unit residential buildings are close to shopping & jobs, & all are connected by public transportation 12/19/2021 Ecological Footprint 19

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Curibita & Other Green Cities https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=CIg. WDa. Zeaj. Y https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=B 9 YJ 4 x. DRIi. A https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=t. Ljh. Son 0 Ltw https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=r 4 sump. Eqnl. Y https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=h. RD 3 l 3 rl. Mpo https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Riwiyu. ZH 3 q. Y https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=VJbf. Qj 0 s. NIg https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=x 6 PX 1 Pofnpc 12/19/2021 Ecological Footprint 22

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POPULATION DENSITY 12/19/2021 Ecological Footprint 25

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QUESTIONS TO COMPLETE Concept Check Questions: p. 164 #2 p. 167 #1 -3 p. 174 #1 -2 p. 180 #1 -2 p. 185 #1 -2 Critical & Creative Thinking Questions P. 189 pick 5 of 14 questions to answer 12/19/2021 Ecological Footprint 30