The Human Body in Health and Disease Chapter

Anatomic Reference Systems • Describe the location and functions of body parts using: – – Body planes Body directions Body cavities Structural units (continues) © 2015, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

© Cengage Learning Anatomic Reference Systems © 2015, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. (continues)

© Cengage Learning Anatomic Reference Systems (continues) © 2015, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

© Cengage Learning Anatomic Reference Systems © 2015, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Cytology • The study of the formation, structure, and function of cells, including: –

© Cengage Learning Cytology © 2015, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Histology • The study of tissues, which are composed of cells that join together to perform specific functions, including: – – Stem cells Epithelial tissues Connective tissues Muscle tissue © 2015, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Glands • Specialized cells that secrete material used elsewhere in the body, including: –

© Cengage Learning Glands © 2015, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Organ and Body Systems • Body parts are organized into systems according to function. • Examples: – Skeletal system – Muscular system – Cardiovascular system © 2015, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Pathology • The study of structural and functional changes caused by disease. © 2015,

Key Word Parts and Definitions • aden/o – gland • adip/o – fat •

Key Word Parts and Definitions • cephal/o – head • cyt/o, -cyte – cell

Key Word Parts and Definitions • hist/o, histi/o – tissue • -ologist – specialist • -ology – the science or study of • path/o, -pathy – disease, suffering, feeling, emotion (continues) © 2015, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Key Word Parts and Definitions • plas/i, plas/o, -plasia – development, growth, formation • poster/o – behind, toward the back • -stasis, -static – control, maintenance of a constant level © 2015, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Questions to Get You Thinking © 2015, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Question A chromosome is larger than a gene. True or False? © 2015, Cengage

Answer True © 2015, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Question Peas have 14 pairs of chromosomes and pigeons have 80. How many do

Answer c. 46 © 2015, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Question Stem cells die after a determined life span. True or False? © 2015,

Answer False. Unlike other cells that die after a determined life span, stem cells

Question A communicable disease and a contagious disease are the same thing. True or

Answers to Learning Exercises © 2015, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Chapter 2 Answers Matching Word Parts 1 2. 1. adip/o 2. 2. anter/o 2. 3. aden/o 2. 4. -ologist 2. 5. -ology Matching Word Parts 2 2. 6. cyt/o 2. 7. cephal/o 2. 8. caud/o 2. 9. exo 2. 10. endo- © 2015, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Chapter 2 Answers Matching Word Parts 3 2. 11. poster/o 2. 12. -stasis 2. 13. path/o 2. 14. -plasia 2. 15. hist/o Definitions 2. 16. nosocomial infection 2. 17. dominant gene 2. 18. abdominal cavity 2. 19. medial 2. 20. adult stem 2. 21. phenylketonuria 2. 22. adenitis 2. 23. parietal peritoneum 2. 24. gene 2. 25. histology © 2015, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Chapter 2 Answers Matching Regions of the Thorax and Abdomen 2. 26. epigastric region 2. 27. umbilical region 2. 28. hypochondriac region 2. 29. hypogastric region 2. 30. iliac region Which Word? 2. 31. inguinal 2. 32. genetics 2. 33. epidemiologist 2. 34. exocrine glands 2. 35. inferior © 2015, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Chapter 2 Answers Spelling Counts 2. 36. mesentery 2. 37. hemophilia 2. 38. hypertrophy 2. 39. epithelial 2. 40. anomaly Abbreviation Identification 2. 41. Huntington’s disease 2. 42. communicable disease 2. 43. general practitioner 2. 44. left upper quadrant 2. 45. chromosome © 2015, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Chapter 2 Answers Term Selection 2. 46. proximal 2. 47. posterior 2. 48. frontal 2. 49. midsagittal 2. 50. distal Sentence Completion 2. 51. Down syndrome 2. 52. physiology 2. 53. thoracic 2. 54. iatrogenic 2. 55. chromosomes © 2015, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Chapter 2 Answers Word Surgery 2. 56. aden, -ectomy 2. 57. endo-, -crine 2. 58. hist, -ologist 2. 59. retro-, periton, -eal 2. 60. path, -ologist 2. 61. eti-, -ology 2. 62. home/o, -stasis 2. 63. pan-, dem, -ic 2. 64. epi-, gastr, -ic 2. 65. idi/o, path, -ic Clinical Conditions 2. 66. epidemic 2. 67. functional 2. 68. bloodborne 2. 69. cytology 2. 70. vector borne 2. 71. quadrant 2. 72. waterborne 2. 73. pelvic 2. 74. peritonitis 2. 75. geneticist © 2015, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Chapter 2 Answers Which Is the Correct Medical Term? 2. 76. iliac 2. 77. genome 2. 78. adenocarcinoma 2. 79. loose 2. 80. fetal alcohol syndrome Challenge Word Building 2. 81. myoplasty 2. 82. myalgia 2. 83. gastrosis 2. 84. laryngitis 2. 85. myectomy 2. 86. gastralgia 2. 87. laryngectomy 2. 88. nephrosis 2. 89. neuroplasty 2. 90. nephritis © 2015, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Chapter 2 Answers Labeling Exercises 2. 91. hypochondriac 2. 92. umbilical 2. 93. hypogastric 2. 94. lumbar 2. 95. iliac 2. 96. midsagittal 2. 97. anterior 2. 98. lateral 2. 99. posterior 2. 100. transverse © 2015, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.