The Human Body Getaway By DAnna Canova Where

The Human Body Getaway By D’Anna Canova

Where Are We Headed? § Digestive System § Nervous system § Skeletal System § Circulatory System § Reproductive System § Integumentary System

1 Stop… ! m e t s y S e v i t s e g i The D st Before we get started you should know some basic knowledge about the digestive system: a. The main purpose of the Digestive system is to break down food and absorb nutrients b. c. There are two basic divisions to the digestive system, these are the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, and the accessory digestive organs Your mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine and large intestine compose the GI tract. d. Your teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gall bladder and pancreas are accessory organs. e. If there is a blockage in any of the intestines may lead to serious problems! (no man left behind) Now that you know some Information lets continue…

START: 2 nd stop: Esophagus… It uses wave-like muscle movements called peristalsis to force food from the throat into the stomach 1 st stop: Mouth Breaks down food to get ready for digestion END: 5 th stop: Large Intestine large intestine help in the digestion process Last Stop: Rectum Releases the food digested 3 rd stop: Stomach 4 th stop: Small Intestine Bile produced by the inner wall of the small intestine help in the breakdown of food. Food in the stomach that is partly digested and mixed with stomach acids is called chyme.

… p o t S 2 ! m e t s y S s u o v r e N The nd The nervous system is a very complex system in the body. It has many, many parts. The nervous system is divided into two main systems: a. the central nervous system (CNS) b. the peripheral nervous system -The spinal cord and the brain make up the CNS. Its main job is to get the information from the body and send out instructions. -The peripheral nervous system is made up of all of the nerves and the wiring. This system sends the messages from the brain to the rest of the body. CONTINUE:

o v r e N l a r t Cen m e t s y us S Stop and think spot: • The brain keeps the body in order. It helps to control all of the body systems and organs, keeping them working like they should. • The brain also allows us to think, feel, remember and imagine. In general, the brain is what makes us behave as human beings. • The brain communicates with the rest of the body through the spinal cord and the nerves. • They tell the brain what is going on in the body at all times. • This system also gives instructions to all parts of the body about what to do and when to do it. Spinal Cord • Nerves divide many times as they leave the spinal cord so that they may reach all parts of the body. • The thickest nerve is 1 inch thick and the thinnest is thinner than a human hair. • Each nerve is a bundle of hundreds or thousands of neurons (nerve cells). • The spinal cord runs down a tunnel of holes in your backbone or spine. • The bones protect it from damage. The cord is a thick bundle of nerves, connecting your brain to the rest of your body. If anything were to damage the spinal cord it may result in human being paralyze… No Horse Play!!

… p o t S 3 m e t s y S l a t e l e k S e rd Th A collection of bones that holds the rest of our body up. Our skeleton is very important to us. It does three major jobs. 1. 2. 3. It protects our vital organs such as the brain, the heart, and the lungs. It gives us the shape that we have. Without our skeleton, we would just be a blob of blood and tissue on the floor. Yuck! It allows us to move. Because our muscles are attached to our bones, when our muscles move, they move the bones, and we move. • Our bones don't simply work on their own. • The bones join together to form joints. • The end of each bone is covered by cartilage. • The cartilage-coated bone-ends are kept apart by a thin film of slippery fluid. • All of this is so your bones won't scratch and bump against each other when you move. • Our bones are held together by strong stretchy bands called ligaments. When you were born, your skeleton had around 350 bones. By the time you become an adult, you will only have around 206 bones This is because, as you grow, some of the bones join together to form one

… p o t S m 4 e t s y S e v i t c u d o r p Re th The • Human reproduction employs internal fertilization, and depends on the integrated action of hormones, the nervous system, and the reproductive system. • Gonads are sex organs that produce gametes. • Male gonads are the testes, which produce sperm and male sex hormones. • Female gonads are the ovaries, which produce eggs (ova) and female sex hormones.

1 st Stop: The Female Reproductive System… Some things you may see: a. A baby being developed. b. Menstruation c. Ovulation : G N I N R A W ROSSED FG I D N E M M O C E R LY!! I NOT S A E T OU Last Stop: Male Reproductive System… Some things you may see: a. Sperm b. Testis

… p o t 5 S m e t s y S y r o t a l u c r i C e th Th • The circulatory system is made up of the vessels and the muscles that help and control the flow of the blood around the body. • This process is called circulation. • The main parts of the system are the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins

Where to go? 1 st - As blood begins to circulate, it leaves the heart from the left ventricle and goes into the aorta. 2 nd- The blood travels throughout the body in its system of arteries into the smallest arterioles. 3 rd - On its way back to the heart, the blood travels through a system of veins. 4 th - As it reaches the lungs, the carbon dioxide (a waste product) is removed from the blood and replace with fresh oxygen that we have inhaled through the lungs EXCITING PLACE: Capillaries: WHY? Because they are the smallest of a body's blood vessel.

… p o t S t m s e t La s y S y r a t n e m u g e t n I e h T • The skin is the largest organ in the body: 12 -15% of body weight, with a surface area of 1 -2 meters • The Integumentary system has multiple roles in homeostasis, including protection, temperature regulation, sensory reception, and absorption. • The Integumentary organ system that protects the body from damage

Start at the epidermis to check out what protects our body from damage. Then to the dermis to see the sensory nerves Last but not least to the Subcutaneous layer to check out the sweat glands and the hair follicles.