The Human Body Chapter 1 Anatomy Physiology Anatomy

The Human Body Chapter 1

Anatomy & Physiology • Anatomy – ‘cutting up’ – Learning the structure of an organism by dissecting it • Physiology – The study of the functions of living organisms and their parts.

References for bodily organization - Terms of direction - Planes - Cavities - Structural Units

Terms of Direction • • • Superior and Inferior Anterior and posterior (aka Ventral and dorsal) Medial and lateral Proximal and distal Superficial and deep Supine and prone

3 Planes used to ‘cut’ the body 1. Sagittal – divides the body into L and R halves - midsagittal if the sides are equal

2. Frontal – divides the body into a front and back

Transverse – divides the body into upper and lower

2 major body cavities: Ventral & Dorsal

Summary of Cavities • Thoracic Cavity - Mediastinum & Pleural Cavities • Abdominopelvic Cavity - Abdominal Cavity & Pelvic Cavity • Cranial Cavity • Spinal Cavity

Identify organs • Use pages 6 and 7 to identify which body cavity contains the following organs: A) Liver B) Heart C) Stomach D) Colon E) Bladder F) lungs

Anatomical Position of the body • Whenever the body is discussed, it is always assumed to be in anatomical position

Structural Units

Maintaining Homeostasis • The body uses feedback loops to maintain or restore homeostasis • Read pages 13 -14, describe negative feedback loops and give an example.

Organ Systems Organ System Integumentary Skeletal Muscular Nervous Endocrine Circulatory Lymphatic Respiratory Digestive Urinary Reproductive (male) Reproductive (female) 2 – 4 Organs/ body parts Function

Chapter Review Answer questions 1 -20 on page 16 -17 Answer the Review questions on page 17 Answer the clinical questions on page 18