The Human Body An Orientation Part 2 The

The Human Body: An Orientation Part 2

The Language of Anatomy • Special terminology is used to prevent misunderstanding • Exact terms are used for: • Position • Direction • Regions • Structures Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Slide 1. 21

Anatomical Position § Face the person sitting next to you § Now wave to them with your RIGHT hand § Is the hand they are waving on the same side as your RIGHT hand? § NO! § When you are looking at an organism in anatomical position, their RIGHT side is your left side, and vice versa

Anatomical Position § Standing straight, head forward, palms facing front. § Why is it important to have a standard position when looking at anatomy?

Orientation and Directional Terms § Using the textbook, complete the handout “Anatomical Terminology & Practice. You must write a definition, draw a picture, and write a sentence using the words. You may not use the same sentence as the book has for the terms!

Two more directional Terms § Ventral § Pertaining to the front § Which other directional term is this similar to? § Anterior! § Dorsal § Pertaining to the back § Which other directional term is this similar to? § Posterior!

Quick Quiz Part 1 of 3 § § Superior to the chest The eyes are ____ Anterior/Ventral The chest is _______to the spine Inferior The foot is _____ to the knee Posterior/Dorsal to the toes The heel is _____

Body Landmarks • Anterior Figure 1. 5 a Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc.

Body Landmarks • Posterior Figure 1. 5 b Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc.

Body Sections § Longitudinal Sections § Cut the body lengthwise § Median Plane § Cuts the body into Right and Left parts (down the middle of the body) § Frontal Plane § Cuts the body into anterior and posterior (front and back) sections § Transverse Section § Cuts along a horizontal plane into superior and inferior (top and bottom) sections § Also called “Cross Section”

Body Planes Figure 1. 6 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin

Quick Quiz Part 2 of 3 § Which plane is #1 pointing to? § Frontal § Which plane is #2 pointing to? § Median § Which plane is #3 pointing to? § Transverse

Body Cavities § Dorsal Cavities (Where are these located? ) § Cranial Cavity § Inside the skull § Contains the brain § Spinal Cavity § Inside the vertebrae from the back of the skull to the tailbone § Contains the spinal cord

Body Cavities § Ventral Cavities § Thoracic Cavity § In the chest area § Contains the lungs and heart § Abdominal Cavity § Upper stomach area § Contains Stomach, Liver and Intestines § Pelvic Cavity § Lower stomach area § Contains the reproductive organs, bladder and rectum

Body Cavities Figure 1. 7 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin

Quick Quiz Part 3 of 3 § Which body cavity contains the brain? § Cranial Cavity § When you cut a section that separates a body into anterior and posterior, what kind of section is it? § Frontal Section Superior § Fill in the blank: The chest is _____ to the hips

Assignment § Draw a human body § Color and Label the following: § 3 planes (frontal, medial, transverse) § Ventral cavities (Thoracic, Abdominal, Pelvic) § Draw colored arrows indicating the following directional terms: § § Superior Inferior Anterior (Ventral) Posterior (Dorsal)