The Home Front During WWI 1 How were
- Slides: 10
The Home Front During WWI 1. How were the economy and workers mobilized for war? 2. How did the government maintain support for the war?
Financing the War • War Revenue Act of 1917 passed to increase taxes • Gov’t borrows $ from citizens in the form of Liberty Bonds
War Industries Board (WIB) • Authority to regulate all materials needed in the war effort. • Determined which factories would convert to war production.
Regulating Food and Fuel • Food Administration created to manage food production – Goal was to increase production and conserve food – Provided incentives for farmers – Encouraged Americans to grow victory gardens – Limited alcohol content
Labor in WWI • National War Labor Board created – arbiter between labor/business to prevent strikes – Granted concessions to workers (8 hr day, equal pay for women) in return for promise not to strike during war
Labor in WWI Cont. • When men left their jobs to go to the front others came to fill their places – Northern factories recruited Af-Am labor from South Great Migration – Women: new job opportunities for duration of war
Influencing Public Opinion • Committee on Public Information Created – Celebrities utilized – Patriotic posters and pamphlets – Elimination of German influence on American culture
Squashing Dissent • Espionage Act – Punished people for aiding the enemy or refusing military duty • Sedition Act – Criminalized speaking out against the war, government, military, flag – Harsh penalties for “obstructing war effort” • Schenck v. United States: limits free speech during war
Talk to your neighbor: • How did the government mobilize the economy and workers for war? • How did the government maintain support for the war?
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