The Hip Joint and Pelvic Girdle Anatomy and

The Hip Joint and Pelvic Girdle Anatomy and Physiology of Human Movement 420: 050

Objectives l l l Bones, bony landmarks and joints Muscles Movements

Hip Joint l Hip joint (femur and acetabulum of pelvis) l l Hip joint and pelvic girdle work together much like shoulder joint and girdle l l Relatively stable due to: l Bony architecture l Strong ligaments l Large supportive muscles Pelvis moves in response to trunk and/or thigh movement Other bones to consider l l l Tibia Fibula Patella

Pelvic Girdle l l Pelvic girdle Pelvic bones, sacrum, coccyx Pelvic bones: l l l Sacrum: l l Each pelvic bone is made up of three fused bones ilium, ischium, & pubis Right & left pelvic bone joined together posteriorly by sacrum Extends from spinal column with 5 fused vertebrae Coccyx: l Extends posteriorly from sacrum with 3 fused vertebrae

Lateral femoral epicondyle Medial femoral epicondyle Patella Lateral tibial condyle Medial tibial condyle Head of fibula Tibial tuberosity

Joints l Hip joint l l AKA Acetabular femoral joint Diarthrodial multiaxial ball and socket Movements Planes and axes

Joints l Pubic symphisis l l Amphiarthrodial cartilagenous joint Slightly moveable

Joints l Sacroiliac joints l l Diarthrodial gliding joints Slightly moveable

Objectives l l l Bones, bony landmarks and joints Muscles Movements

Muscles l Anterior: l l l Iliopsoas Sartorius Rectus femoris Tensor fasciae latae l l Posterior: l l l Gluteus maximus Biceps femoris Semitendonosus Semimembranosus Deep 6 external rotators Lateral: Gluteus medius Gluteus minimus Medial: l l l Adductor brevis Adductor longus Adductor magnus Gracilis Pectineus

Iliopsoas

Sartorius

Rectus Femoris

Tensor Fasciae Latae

Muscles l Anterior: l l l Iliopsoas Sartorius Rectus femoris Tensor fasciae latae l l Posterior: l l l Gluteus maximus Biceps femoris Semitendonosus Semimembranosus Deep 6 external rotators Lateral: Gluteus medius Gluteus minimus Medial: l l l Adductor brevis Adductor longus Adductor magnus Gracilis Pectineus

Gluteus Maximus

Semitendinosus

Semimembranosus

Biceps Femoris

Six Deep External Rotators

Muscles l Anterior: l l l Iliopsoas Sartorius Rectus femoris Tensor fasciae latae l l Posterior: l l l Gluteus maximus Biceps femoris Semitendonosus Semimembranosus Deep 6 external rotators Lateral: Gluteus medius Gluteus minimus Medial: l l l Adductor brevis Adductor longus Adductor magnus Gracilis Pectineus

Gluteus Medius

Gluteus Minimus

Muscles l Anterior: l l l Iliopsoas Sartorius Rectus femoris Tensor fasciae latae l l Posterior: l l l Gluteus maximus Biceps femoris Semitendonosus Semimembranosus Deep 6 external rotators Lateral: Gluteus medius Gluteus minimus Medial: l l l Adductor brevis Adductor longus Adductor magnus Gracilis Pectineus

Adductor Brevis

Adductor Longus

Adductor Magnus

Pectineus

Gracilis

Objectives l l l Bones, bony landmarks and joints Muscles Movements

Movements l Flexion l l Movement of femur straight anteriorly Extension l Movement of femur straight posteriorly

Movements l Abduction l l Movement of femur laterally to side away from midline Adduction l Movement of femur medially toward midline

Movements l Horizontal adduction l l Movement of femur in a horizontal or transverse plane toward the midline Horizontal abduction l Movement of femur in a horizontal or transverse plane away from the midline

Movements l External rotation l l Movement of femur laterally around its long axis away from midline Internal rotation l Movement of femur medially around its long axis toward midline

Movements l Diagonal abduction l l Movement of femur in a diagonal plane away from midline of body Diagonal adduction l Movement of femur in a diagonal plane toward midline of body

Movements l Anterior pelvic tilt l l Anterior movement of upper pelvis; iliac crest tilts forward in a sagittal plane Posterior pelvic tilt l Posterior movement of upper pelvis; iliac crest tilts backward in a sagittal plane

Movements l Left lateral pelvic tilt l l Left pelvis moves inferiorly in relation to right pelvis in frontal plane Right lateral pelvic tilt l Right pelvis moves inferiorly in relation to left pelvis in frontal plane

Movements l Left transverse pelvic tilt l l Left pelvis moves posteriorly in relation to the right in transverse plane Right transverse pelvic tilt l Right pelvis moves posteriorly in relation to the left in transverse plane

LINE OF PULL

FLEXION l Superior movement of the femur in the sagittal plane

FLEXION

FLEXION l l l Iliopsoas Rectus femoris Sartorius Tensor fasciae latae Pectineus

EXTENSION l Inferior movement of the femur in the sagittal plane

EXTENSION

EXTENSION l l Gluteus maximus Hamstrings l l l Biceps femoris Semitendinosus Semimembranosus

ABDUCTION l Superolateral movement of the femur in the frontal plane

Gluteus minimus

ABDUCTION

ABDUCTION l l l Tensor fasciae latae Gluteus medius Gluteus minimus

ADDUCTION l Inferomedial movement of the femur in the frontal plane

ADDUCTION

ADDUCTION l l l Gracilis Adductor magnus Adductor longus Adductor brevis Pectineus

HORIZONTAL ABDUCTION l Movement of the femur away from the midline of the body in the transverse plane l Muscles Abductors

HORIZONTAL ADDUCTION l Movement of the femur towards the midline in the transverse plane l Muscles Adductors

INTERNAL/EXTERNAL ROTATION l Movement of the femur towards/away the midline in the transverse plane along its long axis