the great scientists and their inventions Dmitri Mendeleyev

the great scientists and their inventions

Dmitri Mendeleyev (1834 — 1907 ) In 1869 the great Russian scientist Dmitri Mendeleyev announced the discovery of the Periodic Law of elements So science received the key to the secrets of matter (вещество). All the greatest discoveries which have been made since then in the fields of chemistry and physics have been based on this law.

Ivan Pavlov 1849 -1936 Ivan Pavlov is known chiefly for his development of the concept of the conditioned reflex. In a now-classic experiment, Pavlov trained a hungry dog to salivate at the sound of a bell, which was previously associated with the sight of food. He developed a similar conceptual approach, emphasizing the importance of conditioning, in his pioneering studies relating human behaviour to the nervous system. Ivan Pavlov was awarded the Nobel Prize for physiology in 1904.

Albert Einstein was a famous scientist who completely changed the way that people saw our world and the universe. Einstein created many theories which proved that things like gravity, light, energy and theory of relativity. At first, very few scientists could understand Einstein’s theories but as time passed other scientists showed that he was correct. Albert Einstein (1879 -1955)

Karl Bents 1844 -1929 Motor Car (Late 19 th Century) With television, the car is probably the most widely used and most useful of all leisureinspired inventions. German engineer Karl Benz produced the first petrol driven car in 1885 and the British motor industry started in 1896. Henry Ford was the first to use assembly line production for his Model Т car in 1908. Like them or hate them, cars have given people great freedom of travel.

John Logie Baird (1888 – 1946) Television (1920 s) The invention that swept the world and changed leisure habits for countless millions was pioneered by Scottish-born electrical engineer John Logie Baird. It had been realised for some time that light could be converted into electrical impulses, making it possible to transmit such impulses over a distance and then reconvert them into light.

Computer (20 th Century) The computer has been another life-transforming invention. British mathematician Charles Babbage designed a form of computer in the mid-1830 s, but it was not until more than a century later that theory was put into practice. Now, a whole generation has grown up with calculators, windows, icons, computer games and word processors, and the Internet and e-mail have transformed communication and information.

Alexander Bell (1847 -1922) Edinburgh-born scientist Alexander Graham Bell patented his invention of the telephone in 1876. The following year, the great American inventor Thomas Edison produced the first working telephone. With telephones soon becoming rapidly available, the days of letter-writing became numbered.

Invented X-rays I n the evening on November, 8 th, 1895 the X-ray, as usual, worked in the laboratory, being engaged in studying of cathodic beams. Wilhelm Konrad Roentgen (1845– 1923)