The Glory That Was Greece ATHENS City built

The Glory That Was Greece

ATHENS City built on two levels – Highest was the Acropolis Parthenon – Temple dedicated to Goddess Athena in Athens

Parthenon – Goddess Athena

A new era of "radical democracy" "the ideal type of the perfect statesman in ancient Greece” Pericles followed a populist policy in order to gain power

A new era of "radical democracy" Paid for entertainment of the poor - the state covering cost Lowered the property requirement for voting Paid high wages to citizens who served on Juries

A new era of "radical democracy" He limited Athenian citizenship to those of Athenian parentage on both sides Such measures impelled Pericles' critics to regard him as responsible for the gradual degeneration of the Athenian democracy.

Arts – Encouraged the Arts represented the height of human development.

Athletics – Encouraged the development of the Olympics They were already over 300 years old

Sculpture The perfect body idealized gods, goddesses, athletes, and famous men were depicted as perfect

Doric Ionic Architecture Corinthian

Architecture Pericles rebuilt the Parthenon Beautifying the city of Athens

WOMEN IN ATHENS • No political life • Role was in religion • Managed households • Rarely seen in public

Herodotus the “Father of History” He taught the importance of research Telling History both sides of the story

Peloponnesian War between Athens and Sparta

Peloponnesian War between Athens and Sparta gets tired of Athens dominating region and forcing political will on other city states. Athenian Imperialism

Peloponnesian War between Athens and Sparta Athens is wealthier and has a large navy The war is fought on land the Spartans win

Peloponnesian War between Athens and Spartans Sets win…breaking up a semi-united Greece the scene for King Philip II of Macedonia (Greek speaking country-cousins from the north)

Philosophers Many did not believe in the gods Lovers of wisdom the nature of the Universe Observation and Reason

Socrates Asked people questions in the town square made them examine their values and assumptions. Socrates. . . sought to uncover errors in conventional views, and by the use of inductive argument - Came to be known as the Socratic Method of teaching “an unexamined life is not worth living”

Socrates did not conceal his contempt for some of the weaknesses of democracy the principal fault of democracy was that it did not require special knowledge in its leaders it treated the opinions of all citizens as equal in value. unorthodox sentiments were viewed with alarm by the democrats, still politically insecure.

Socrates He was put on trial for "impiety" impiety (ungodliness or irreverence towards the Supreme Being and Corrupting the minds of the youth What, in fact, caused his death was his rejection of the current democratic leadership. He was too bold in exposing their inconsistencies, and they wanted him out of the way. 500 people sat on the jury

Socrates Sarcastically commented at post-trial “If the people say that I am guilty, then I must be…” He did freely drink the poison hemlock in front of his students.

Plato Student of Socrates He rejected Democracy because of the death of Socrates. (it proved to him that the people do not have the ability to think and reason on their own) government lives… should regulate all aspects of citizens’ for their good

Plato A Few Talented Women were fit to be leaders of the state

Plato 3 classes in society: ◦ philosopher-rulers ◦ Soldiers ◦ Workers Wisest philosopher would be philosopher-king

Aristotle Most famous student of Plato Became the “Father of Logic”

Aristotle Most famous student of Plato Favored rule by a single, strong, virtuous leader

Aristotle Most famous student of Plato Taught the “Golden Mean” ◦ a moderate course between extremes of true democracy and Plato’s control by government.