THE GEOGRAPHY OF PENNSYLVANIA Chapter 1 Chapter 1

THE GEOGRAPHY OF PENNSYLVANIA Chapter 1

Chapter 1: Exploring Pennsylvania Vocab 1. Continent- the largest land areas on Earth. 2. Hemisphere- Half of the Earth. 3. Keystone- the stone at the top of an arch that supports the weight of the other stones. 4. Landform- A natural feature on Earth’s surface. 5. Tributary- A smaller river or stream that flows into a larger river.

WHERE IS PENNSYLVANIA? Pennsylvania is on the planet Earth. The Earth is divided into hemispheres or halves. Pennsylvania is in the NORTHERN and WESTERN hemisphere.

PENNSYLVANIA IS ON THE CONTINENT OF NORTH AMERICA • There are 7 CONTINENTS, or large land areas, on Earth. https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=ap. Iz. M 6 rywf 0

MORE …… 7 CONTINENTS • https: //www. youtube. com/watc h? v=dh. Y 0 JDb. X_CI

HOW DID THE CONTINENTS FORM? • https: //www. youtube. com/watc h? v=1 ql 3 yypk. Xf. Q&index=110& list=PL 1 x 86 IFIADTh. NSaww. Eju 8 dn. QBwaz. NEn 6 P

PENNSYLVANIA IS IN THE COUNTRY OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

PENNSYLVANIA FACTS There are 67 counties in PA. We live in Luzerne county. A keystone is the center of an arch. Our nickname is the Keystone State PA flag Pennsylvania was the keystone of the 13 original colonies.

PENNSYLVANIA’S NEIGHBORS PA has 6 touching neighbors! The state that is to our North is _______. The state to our West is _______. The state to our East is _______. The states to our South are __________, and ________.

Continents and oceans video https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Bsq. KT Jt. K_vw Landforms video https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=hh 3 v. Zc 03 f 1 s&list=PL 1 x 86 IFIADTh. NSaww. Eju 8 dn. QBwaz. NEn 6 P&index=70 L a n d f o r m s

LANDFORMS DESERT- An area that receives less than 10 inches of precipitation a year.

MOUNTAINA very high landform, often with steep sides.

Cliff- A steep face of rock and soil. Lake- A large body of water surrounded by land on all sides.

Plateau- A large, flat, raised area of land Valley- A low place between mountains.

Plain- An area of flat land that is often covered with trees and grass. Bay- A part of a sea or lake that cuts into a coastline

Gorge- A narrow valley between hills or mountains, with steep, rocky sides and a stream running through it. (ravine, Canyon ) River- A large, flowing body of water that usually empties into a sea or ocean.

• Allegheny Mountains- Part of the Appalachian chain. They stretch across the middle of the state from the Southwest to the Northeast P e n n s y l v a n i a L a n d f o r m s

Lake Erie- One of the 5 Great Lakes located in the Northwest corner of PA.

PA Rivers Susquehanna River- Largest Eastern river. Flows through Central PA. Drains into the Chesapeake Bay.

Ohio River- In the western part of PA. Meet in Pittsburgh. Flow into Ohio. Tributaries- Allegheny and Monongahela Rivers

Importance of Waterways (Rivers and Lakes) • They make the state a center of transportation and business • Products are shipped across Lake Erie • Transportation of people and goods on the rivers

Lesson 2 - Taking Care of PA vocab 1. Natural Resource. Examples: 2. Fossil fuel 3. Renewable resource. Examples: 4. Nonrenewable resource. Examples: 5. Pollution 6. Conserve 7. Pesticide-

Pennsylvania’s Natural Resources • Hardwood trees- Trees that grow in valleys and lowlands. • Used to make homes and furniture • Examples: oak, maple • Limestone- Used as a building stone and to make cement. • Sandstone- Used to make glass

Fossil Fuels- Coal, Oil , and natural gas

https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=za. XB VYr 9 Ij 0 What are fossil fuels? How coal shaped Pennsylvania https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=ub. Mnu 1 z. Km. Es https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=pqo. I 1 m. AN 5 QM

Protecting our Resources • Pollution- Anything that makes the universe dirty • Water Pollution. Household chemicals Fertilizers Waste from factories (Industrial waste) • Air pollution Car exhaust

Famous Pennsylvanian’s • John Bartram- A farmer who researched plants. He started the first botanical garden. • Frank Lloyd Wright- A famous architect • Rachel Carson- A famous environmentalist who wrote about pesticides harming the environment. • Guy Bluford Jr. – The first African American astronaut • Punxsutawney Phil- A famous groundhog who may see his shadow in February and predict an early spring.

https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=p. Sbj. Vgp. XDo. A&index= 72&list=PL 1 x 86 IFIADTh. NSaww. Eju 8 dn. QBwaz. NEn 6 P

RACHEL CARSON https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=LYx 0 i 4 NXAQ 0&index= 71&list=PL 1 x 86 IFIADTh. NSaww. Eju 8 dn. QBwaz. NEn 6 P https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Ipb c-6 Iv. MQI

PUNXSUTAWNEY PHIL https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=nv. U 0 jx. Ef. Zu. A&index=1 00&list=PL 1 x 86 IFIADTh. NSaww. Eju 8 dn. QBwaz. NEn 6 P