The Formation of Western Europe Chapter 14 Sections

The Formation of Western Europe Chapter 14 -Sections 3 -4 Cliff’s Notes Version

Section 3 -England France Develop

England Absorbs Waves of Invaders • Early Invasions– During the 800’s England was invaded by Danish Vikings – United kingdom’s began to unite and started calling England “Land of the Angels”

England’s Evolving Government • England’s New Goals – 1 st- Keep and gain more French land – 2 nd- Strengthen their power over Nobles and the Church • Magna Carta– “Great Document” that granted certain political rights – No taxation without representation, trial by jury, protection of the law

England France (Yes England is an island) England France

France Becomes a Separate Kingdom • Estates General– The assembling of the Third Estate in which commoners, wealthy landholders and Philip assembled a council • Helped increase royal power over nobility • Failed to limit the power of the king • Beginnings of democracy in England France

Section 4 -The Hundred Years’ War and the Plague

The Bubonic Plague Strikes • The Bubonic Plague- A deadly epidemic (disease) that killed about 1/3 rd of Europe – Origins and Impact of the Plague • Began in Asia and received its name the Black Death from the purplish black bumps on the skin • Took four years to cross Europe • Millions who caught it died • Flees came to Europe from India riding the backs of rats

The Bubonic Plague Strikes • Effects of the Plague– Population declined – Trade declined – Serfs left to find a better living – Jews were blamed for the plague – Church lost prestige when their prayers failed to stop the plague

The Hundreds Year War • The Hundreds Year War– Conflict launched by Edward III in 1337 A. D. to capture the French throne. These battles were fought off and on until 1453. – French pushed the English out of France – The Hundred Years’ War changed European warfare • Longbow allowed for thousands of arrows to be rained down upon the French by archers

The Hundreds Year War • Impact of the Hundreds’ Year War– Feeling of nationalism emerges in England France – Power of the French Monarchy increases – End of the Hundreds’ Year War = the End of the Middle Ages • b/c religious devotion and code of chivalry crumbled

The Hundreds Year War • Joan of Arc– 1429 - Joan a young peasant girl felt a call from God to rescue France from English conquerors • Led them to victory in the battle near Orleans – Charles VII was crowned king • Did nothing to save her – She was captured and burned as a witch