The First Americans and Early European Colonization POWERPOINT

The First Americans and Early European Colonization POWERPOINT PRESENTATION 1 -1 CHAPTER 1 SECTIONS 1 AND 2 THINGS TO THINK ABOUT: THE INFLUENCE THAT GEOGRAPHY AND CLIMATE CAN HAVE ON HISTORY

The First Americans � Migration from Asia Ice Age Land Bridge Isolated from the “old world” by Atlantic/Pacific Oceans � Over 50 million at the time of Columbus Very diverse, cultures, languages, ways of life � Very sophisticated Mesoamerica—Olmec, Toltec, Maya, Aztec Achievements? � Mildly sophisticated Mississippian civilizations � Least sophisticated Native Americans of the modern-day United States � What explains this diversity? Geography? Climate?

European Contact �Why bother exploring at all? Crusades Trade with Asia �Portuguese Exploration: Africa Important: beginnings of slavery as practiced in the Americas �Spanish Exploration: Get to the East by sailing West Columbus: 1492

Portuguese Route to Asia

What Columbus Thought He Was Doing

Spanish Exploration/Colonization �Caribbean: Explored/colonized by Columbus Cuba, Hispaniola, Jamaica, Bahamas, Puerto Rico, etc �Mexico: Hernado Cortes Conquered the Aztec Empire 1519 -1521 �Peru: Francisco Pizzaro Conquered Inca Empire 1532 �Other areas filled in by later explorers/conquistadores New Mexico/California, Florida, all of Central America, most of South America �Motives for Spanish Colonization: Gold, Glory, God �What was New Spain like?

Spanish Colonies around 1600

Effects of Colonization: Columbian Exchange � Columbian Exchange: Old World meets New World � Plants, animals, and diseases only found in the Old World Wheat, rice, oats, peas, sugar Horses, cows, pigs, sheep, goats Small pox, measles, the plague � Plants, animals, and diseases only found in the New World Corn, tomatoes, potatoes, pumpkins, beans, squash Turkeys, llamas, alpacas Syphilis � Effects? Environment? Culture? Diet? Population?

French Colonization �Late start— 1600’s �Canada Quebec 1608 �Louisiana: 1682 New Orleans 1718 �What was it like? Large geographic area Fur trade Generally friendly relations with native Americans Sparsely populated by Europeans �Similarities and differences from Spanish colonies?

New France (In Blue)

Activity �Break into three groups �Each group will take one of the following topics and will brainstorm, analyze, and explain to the class at least 3 ways that geography and climate impacted the unique history of each of these topics 1 -Native American civilizations before Columbus 2 -European exploration and contact with the Americas 3 -Spanish and French colonization of the Americas