THE FASTEST WAY TO LEARN NCLEX PHARMACOLOGY NCLEXPreceptor

THE FASTEST WAY TO LEARN NCLEX PHARMACOLOGY NCLEXPreceptor. com

ACE INHIBITORS Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors

ACE INHIBITORS DRUG CLASS INFORMATION

ACE INHIBITORS DRUG CLASS INFORMATION Any of a group of antihypertensive drugs that relax arteries and promote renal excretion of salt and water by inhibiting the activity of an angiotensin converting enzyme. Reduces vasculature resistance without increasing cardiac output, rate or contractility.

ACE INHIBITORS DISEASES TREATED • Hypertension • Congestive heart failure • strokes or heart attacks May help lower the risk of stroke or heart attack

ACE INHIBITORS SIDE EFFECTS • • Postural hypotension Fatigue Loss of appetite Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea Hyperkalemia Insomnia Potential for exacerbating nonproductive cough Angioedema

ACE INHIBITORS DRUG EXAMPLES Benazepril (Lotensin ) Captopril (Capoten ) Enalapril (Vasotec ) Fosinopril (Monopril ) Lisinopril (Prinivil , Zestril) Moexipril (Univasc ) Perindopril (Aceon ) Quinapril (Accupril ) Ramipril (Altace ) Trandolapril (Mavik )

ACE INHIBITORS NURSING ACTIONS / PATIENT EDUCATION Ø Monitor electrolytes, this medication causes retention of potassium. Ø Elderly clients are at highest risk for postural hypotension. Ø Instruct the client not to abruptly discontinue medications because rebound hypertension can occur. Ø Monitor blood pressure frequently

ACE INHIBITORS NURSING ACTIONS / PATIENT EDUCATION Ø If dizziness persists, notify the physician Ø Use caution for patients with impaired renal function Ø Take 1 hour before meal (Decreased absorption if taken with food)

ACE INHIBITORS DESIRED PATIENT OUTCOMES Ø Blood pressures controlled within normal limits Ø Improved survival rates for patients suffering from acute MI Ø Decreased workload on cardiovascular system Ø Decrease or absence of chest pain

ACE INHIBITORS DESIRED PATIENT OUTCOMES ACE Inhibitors often end in “pril” (i. e: Lisinopril, Perindopril, Captopril )

ACE INHIBITORS REVIEW QUESTIONS 1) Which statement, if made by the hypertensive patient taking Lisinopril, indicates the need for further teaching? a. “I will take the medication with Spirinolactone. ” b. “I will inform the physician if my dizziness persists. ” c. “I will not stand up immediately after taking the medication. ” d. “I will have my daughter take my blood pressure from time to time. ”

ACE INHIBITORS REVIEW QUESTIONS 2) The nurse correctly enumerates which of the following side effects of taking ACE Inhibitors. Select all that apply: a. b. c. d. Headache Hypertension Fatigue Vomiting e. Diarrhea f. Cough g. Loss of consciousness

ACE INHIBITORS REVIEW QUESTIONS 3) A nurse is making her daily rounds, she remembers that Mrs. Rose is taking Perindopril (Aceon), which of the following statement, when made by Mrs. Rose, would warrant notification of the attending physician? a. “The first time I took the medication, I had a headache. ” b. “I took my medication an hour before meals. ” c. “I’ve had a blood extraction today to determine my potassium level. ” d. “I have been feeling dizzy for three days now. ”

ACE INHIBITORS REVIEW QUESTIONS 4) Mrs. Sommers, a 53 -year-old female diagnosed with Congestive Heart Failure is taking Fosinopril (Monopril) 10 mg tablet once a day. Which of the following results would require the need to notify the physician a. Creatinine 1. 0 mg/d. L b. Potassium 12 m. Eq/L c. Albumin 5 U/L d. BUN 10 mg/d. L

ACE INHIBITORS REVIEW QUESTIONS 5) You are the nurse caring for Mrs. Jones, a 44 -year-old patient with hypertension. An hour after taking Ramipril (Altace), you took her blood pressure and noted that it is 80/50. Which of the following nursing interventions should you do first? a. Call the attending physician b. Elevate her legs by adjusting the bed and placing her on a Trendelenburg position c. Give her Furosemide (Lasix) d. Give supplemental oxygen via nasal cannula at 3 Lpm