The Executive Branch Unit VB Presidency Bureaucracy NC

The Executive Branch Unit V-B Presidency, Bureaucracy, & NC Governor

• FP. C&G. 2: Analyze government systems within the United States in terms of their structure, function, and relationships. • FP. C&G. 2. 1: Analyze the structure of national, state, and local governments in terms of ways they organized to maintain order, security, welfare of the general public and the protections of citizens • FP. C&G. 2. 3: Evaluate the U. S. Constitution as a “living Constitution” in terms of how the words in the Constitution and Bill of Rights have been interpreted and applied throughout their existence • FP. C&G. 2. 4: Compare the Constitutions and the structures of the United States and North Carolina governments • FP. C&G. 2. 5: Compare United States system of government within the framework of the federal and state structures as well as in how they relate with governmental systems of other nations • Essential Question: Evaluate how Republicanism form of government executed the ideas established by the founders within the U. S. Constitution • Students Can: • Contrast structures, functions, and relationship of government systems between the federal, state, and local government • Evaluate how the U. S. Constitution adapts to meet the challenges of an ever-changing society • Decipher how the concept of federalism allows each level of government to meet the needs to the people Agenda: Ø UNIT II A CONGRESS TEST Homework: Ø Presidential Want-Ad DUE November 10

• FP. C&G. 2: Analyze government systems within the United States in terms of their structure, function, and relationships. • FP. C&G. 2. 1: Analyze the structure of national, state, and local governments in terms of ways they organized to maintain order, security, welfare of the general public and the protections of citizens • FP. C&G. 2. 3: Evaluate the U. S. Constitution as a “living Constitution” in terms of how the words in the Constitution and Bill of Rights have been interpreted and applied throughout their existence • FP. C&G. 2. 4: Compare the Constitutions and the structures of the United States and North Carolina governments • FP. C&G. 2. 5: Compare United States system of government within the framework of the federal and state structures as well as in how they relate with governmental systems of other nations • Essential Question: Evaluate how Republicanism form of government executed the ideas established by the founders within the U. S. Constitution • Students Can: • Contrast structures, functions, and relationship of government systems between the federal, state, and local government • Evaluate how the U. S. Constitution adapts to meet the challenges of an ever-changing society • Decipher how the concept of federalism allows each level of government to meet the needs to the people Agenda: Ø Can I be President of the United States Ø Establishing an Executive Ø Want-ad: leader of the free world Homework: Ø Presidential Want-Ad

King or President • Evaluate whether the modern presidency has become a modern monarchy. That magistrate is to be elected for FOUR years; and is to be re-eligible as often as the people of the United States shall think him worthy of their confidence. In these circumstances there is a total dissimilitude between HIM and a king of Great Britain, who is an HEREDITARY monarch, possessing the crown as a patrimony descendible to his heirs forever; but there is a close analogy between HIM and a governor of New York, who is elected for THREE years, and is reeligible without limitation or intermission. If we consider how much less time would be requisite for establishing a dangerous influence in a single State, than for establishing a like influence throughout the United States, we must conclude that a duration of FOUR years for the Chief Magistrate of the Union is a degree of permanency far less to be dreaded in that office, than a duration of THREE years for a corresponding office in a single State. - Federalist 69 THE President of the United States is to be "commander-in-chief of the army and navy of the United States, and of the militia of the several States WHEN CALLED INTO THE ACTUAL SERVICE of the United States. '' The propriety of this provision is so evident in itself, and it is, at the same time, so consonant to the precedents of the State constitutions in general, that little need be said to explain or enforce it. Even those of them which have, in other respects, coupled the chief magistrate with a council, have for the most part concentrated the military authority in him alone. Of all the cares or concerns of government, the direction of war most peculiarly demands those qualities which distinguish the exercise of power by a single hand. - Anti-federalist 74

King or President • Evaluate whether the modern presidency has become a modern monarchy. The President is elected four years and can be re-elected if the people believe he has done a good job. This is totally difference then the King of England, who is born a king and can serve for life, but very similar to the Governor of New York who serves for three years and can be re-elected if the people believe he has done a good job - Federalist 69, Alexander Hamilton, 1788 THE President of the United States is to be "commander-in-chief of the army and navy of the United States and you use the military to against the people support his beliefs. This is the same as the King of England leads to abuse of power and destroys the rights of the people. - Anti-federalist 74, Thomas Paine, 1788

Can I be President? • Evaluate the following candidates and determine if they are eligible to run as a candidate for President of the United States 1. Thirty‐year old from New Jersey who has been a Senator four‐years already. 2. Seventy‐six-year-old former House of Representatives member. 3. Thirty‐seven-year-old Governor of California who was a famous actor after moving from his birth country of Austria. 4. Thirty‐five-year-old businesswoman from North Carolina. 5. A 54 -year-old former governor with a criminal record

Article II - The Executive Branch = enforcement & implementation of the laws • President • Vice President • Bureaucracy (Office of the White, Cabinet, Independent Agencies, etc. ) – NOT in the Constitution

Serving at Present That magistrate is to be elected for four years; and is to be re-eligible as often as the people of the United States shall think him worthy of their confidence. In these circumstances there is a total dissimilitude between him and a king of Great Britain, who is an hereditary monarch, possessing the crown as a patrimony descendible to his heirs forever; but there is a close analogy between him and a governor of New York, who is elected for three years, and is re-eligible without limitation or intermission. - Alexander Hamilton, Federalist 69, 1788 • President = serving at present (fear of tyrannical government) • Constitutional qualifications: • A natural born citizen • 35 years old • 14 years residency

Hail to Cincinnatus • Founders define a president I said two terms and NO MORE! U. S. President elected to a 4 -year term Washington established the two-term limit by tradition • 22 nd Amendment – two term limit (max of 10 years – if by secession) • 25 th Amendment – Presidential line of secession

Order of Presidential Succession: 1. The Vice President 2. Speaker of the House 3. President pro tempore of the Senate 4. Secretary of State 5. Secretary of the Treasury 6. Secretary of Defense 7. Attorney General 8. Secretary of the Interior 9. Secretary of Agriculture 10. Secretary of Commerce 11. Secretary of Labor 12. Secretary of Health and Human Services 13. Secretary of Housing & Urban Development 14. Secretary of Transportation 15. Secretary of Energy 16. Secretary of Education 17. Secretary of Veterans Affairs 18. Secretary of Homeland Security

Running for the President The steps in for the Presidency Step 1: Nominating Elections: elections held in each state to select the political party candidate Step 2: National Convention: officially nominate the President & Vice President candidate & decides the party platform Step 3: General Election: Political party candidates will campaign in all 50 states to win the office of the president (Election held on the 1 st Tuesday after 1 st Monday in November)

270 to WIN!!! • Electoral College Compromise – Check on the TYRANNY of the MOB!!! Electoral College elects the President (Majority vote = 270 Electoral votes) • States electoral value = Number of Representatives + 2 Senators • Winner-take-all system (popular vote chooses the slate of electors)

Popular VOTE = LOSER? • 5 Times the Presidential candidate won without winning the popular vote John Quincy Adams Rutherford B. Hayes Benjamin Harrison George W. Bush Donald J. Trump Who knew? 3 Presidents have been selected by the House of Representatives

A Constitutional Presidency Test your knowledge of the guidelines the Constitution set in order to establish the Presidency of the United States 1. What are three qualifications the Constitution requires for anyone person who wants to be President of the United States? 2. What Amendment established the two term Presidency? 3. According to the U. S. Constitution, who elects the President of the United States?

Down with the Bloody Red King • Madisonian Model of Government checks the Presidency The Founders were in constant fear of tyrannical government • Explain TWO ways the Constitution limits the authority of the Presidency.

• FP. C&G. 2: Analyze government systems within the United States in terms of their structure, function, and relationships. • FP. C&G. 2. 1: Analyze the structure of national, state, and local governments in terms of ways they organized to maintain order, security, welfare of the general public and the protections of citizens • FP. C&G. 2. 3: Evaluate the U. S. Constitution as a “living Constitution” in terms of how the words in the Constitution and Bill of Rights have been interpreted and applied throughout their existence • FP. C&G. 2. 4: Compare the Constitutions and the structures of the United States and North Carolina governments • FP. C&G. 2. 5: Compare United States system of government within the framework of the federal and state structures as well as in how they relate with governmental systems of other nations • Essential Question: Evaluate how Republicanism form of government executed the ideas established by the founders within the U. S. Constitution • Students Can: • Contrast structures, functions, and relationship of government systems between the federal, state, and local government • Evaluate how the U. S. Constitution adapts to meet the challenges of an ever-changing society • Decipher how the concept of federalism allows each level of government to meet the needs to the people Agenda: Ø Presidential Review Ø The Hats of the President Ø Roles of the President Homework: Ø Presidential scenarios – (President Roles Quiz – Friday)

Presidential Review “Energy in the executive is a leading character in the definition of good government. It is important to the protection of the nation against foreign attacks; it is not less essential to the steady administration of the laws; to the protection of property against those irregular and high-handed combinations which sometimes interrupt the ordinary course of justice; to the security of liberty against the enterprises and assaults of ambition, of faction, and of anarchy. ” - Alexander Hamilton, Federalist 69, 1788 1. What are three Constitutional requirements to run for President of the United States? 2. What three parts make up the executive branch of government? 3. What are the jobs of the President? (Use the quote to help you in describing the President’s jobs)

Empowerment of the President The executive power shall be vested in a President of the United States of America. • Vesting Clause, Article II, Section 1 • Formal Powers of the Presidency • • • Commander in Chief Sign bills into law Veto Make Treaties (w/ Senate consent) Appointments (w/ Senate consent) Pardon & reprieves

Informal Powers • Interpretation and changing times have expanded the power of the Presidency “he shall take Care that the Laws be faithfully executed” - Take Care of Clause, Article II, Section 3 • Informal powers - Imperial Presidency • Executive orders (make laws w/o Congress) • Executive Agreements (make treaty agreements w/o Senate Consent) • Recess appointments • Signing statements • Pocket veto • Bully pulpit • War Powers Resolution

Head of State The President act as a symbol of the United States through photo ops and upholding traditions Examples Lighting the White House holiday tree Throwing out the ceremonial first pitch of Major League Baseball Pardoning a Thanksgiving Turkey

Chief Executive The President enforces of the laws of the United States by working with the bureaucracy and explaining how laws are to be carried out. Powers as Chief Executives: • Appointing heads of the bureaucracy • Signing Executive Orders • Granting pardons (forgiveness for criminal conviction) Signing executive order to end segregation in the military Appointing the head of the FBI

The Executive of the Law • The president oversees the enforcement of the law "shall take Care that the Laws be faithfully executed. " Article II, Section 3, U. S. Constitution Appointment of Neil Gorsuch to the Supreme Court 2017 Powers to enforce: • Appointment w/ consent of Senate: (heads of agencies, such as the FBI, and Cabinet positions • Removal – fire appointed heads (except federal judges) • Executive Orders: a rule that has the authority of law, but doesn’t require Congressional approval

By Executive Order • Use of informal powers

Commander in Chief • The President using the military to defend our national security or help the nation during times of crisis “The President shall be Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States, and of the Militia of the several States, when called into the actual Service of the United States; ” - Article II, section 2, U. S. Constitution War Powers Act of 1973: The President can order the military into action for 60 days, as long as he notifies Congress within 48 hours. Military guarding students during integration in the 1950 s Operation Desert Storm Military rescues during Hurricane Katrina in Louisiana

Legislative Leader • The President influencing the lawmaking process (The PERSUADER) Ways the President can persuade (ask) Congress and the lawmaking process • Signing a law • Vetoing a law (Veto Threat) • STATE OF TH UNION ADDRESS • Person phone call to Congressmen President giving a State of the Union Address Flying Congressmen to their home state on Airforce I

Chief Diplomat The President carrying out foreign policy (working with other nations) “He shall have Power, by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, to make Treaties, provided two thirds of the Senators present concur; and he shall nominate, and by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, shall appoint Ambassadors, ” - Article II, section 2, U. S. Constitution • • The President meeting with foreign leaders at a NATO Summit Chief Diplomat Powers Signing Treaties Signing Executive Agreements Appointing Ambassadors Meeting with foreign leaders President Carter signing the Camp David Peace Accords Treaty

The Art of Diplomacy • Carrying out foreign policy – protecting national security, promoting democracy, establishing trade relations, & promoting world peace • Making treaties (w/ Senate consent) • Executive agreements: international agreement dealing with routine matters (No Senate consent( • NATO, Group of 7, & United Nations (international organizations) "General Secretary Gorbachev, if you seek peace, if you seek prosperity for the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, if you seek liberalization: Come here to this gate! Mr. Gorbachev, open this gate! Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall!“ - President Ronald Reagan, 1987

Party Leader • The President is the leader of his political party and supports his party in elections Supporting the Political Party • Campaigning for fellow party members (Speeches) • Hosting campaign fundraisers • Patronage: giving government jobs to political supporters The President Barrack Obama campaigning for Democrat Senators President Trump appoints his campaign manager, Kelly Conway as a senior Presidential advisor

Economic Leader • The President prepares the federal budget or tries to promote economic growth

President Roles A. Commander in Chief B. Chief Diplomat C. Economic Leader D. Chief Executive E. Head of State F. Party Leader G. Legislative Leader __ 1. The President of the United States meets with the Office of Management and Budget to prepare the 2021 federal budget. __ 2. President Johnson orders more U. S. military troops into South Vietnam to help protect it from invasion. __ 3. President Trump gives the State of the Union Address and asks Congress to pass legislation to fund new highway construction. __ 4. President Barrack Obama appoints John Kerry as Secretary of State __ 5. President Reagan host a campaign fundraisers for the Republican Party

• FP. C&G. 2: Analyze government systems within the United States in terms of their structure, function, and relationships. • FP. C&G. 2. 1: Analyze the structure of national, state, and local governments in terms of ways they organized to maintain order, security, welfare of the general public and the protections of citizens • FP. C&G. 2. 3: Evaluate the U. S. Constitution as a “living Constitution” in terms of how the words in the Constitution and Bill of Rights have been interpreted and applied throughout their existence • FP. C&G. 2. 4: Compare the Constitutions and the structures of the United States and North Carolina governments • FP. C&G. 2. 5: Compare United States system of government within the framework of the federal and state structures as well as in how they relate with governmental systems of other nations • Essential Question: Evaluate how Republicanism form of government executed the ideas established by the founders within the U. S. Constitution • Students Can: • Contrast structures, functions, and relationship of government systems between the federal, state, and local government • Evaluate how the U. S. Constitution adapts to meet the challenges of an ever-changing society • Decipher how the concept of federalism allows each level of government to meet the needs to the people Agenda: Ø Roles of the Presidency Ø Factors that impact the Presidency Ø Presidential Roles Challenge Homework: Ø Presidential Roles Challenge (Quiz on Friday – 11/20/20)

Many Presidential Hats A. Commander in Chief B. Chief Diplomat C. Economic Leader D. Chief Executive E. Head of State F. Party Leader G. Legislative Leader • Scenario: In the aftermath of the LA Riots in response to the Rodney King police brutality case, President Clinton order the U. S. military to maintain order in California by enforcing a curfew.

Many Presidential Hats A. Commander in Chief B. Chief Diplomat C. Economic Leader D. Chief Executive E. Head of State F. Party Leader G. Legislative Leader • Scenario: President Trump gives a campaign speech in support Jim Renacci’s bid to become the next Senator to represent Ohio in the U. S. Congress

Many Presidential Hats A. Commander in Chief B. Chief Diplomat C. Economic Leader D. Chief Executive E. Head of State F. Party Leader G. Legislative Leader • Scenario: In support of the common man, President Andrew Jackson vetoed the Bank Re-chartering Act. This ended the 2 nd National Bank as a government financial institution and allowed land speculation in the west.

Many Presidential Hats A. Commander in Chief B. Chief Diplomat C. Economic Leader D. Chief Executive E. Head of State F. Party Leader G. Legislative Leader • Scenario: President Teddy Roosevelt helps to end the Russo-Japanese War by negotiating the Treaty of Portsmouth with Japanese Foreign Minister Komura Jutaro and Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Witte.

The Persuader • President must persuade Americans and Congress to support his legislative agenda (public policies) Ways to influence public policy • State of the Union Address • Federal Budget • Bully-pulpit (Using the media to talk to the people) • Air Force 1 • Veto

The State of Our Union • President Trump’s analysis of the United States Why is it done? What does it demonstrate about the presidency that we have learned? What ideas about government that we have learned does it demonstrate? What were important policy ideas does President Trump want to take on in the coming year? State of the Union 2020 How did the Democrats demonstrate the disapproval of President Trump’s view of America and play the watchdog?

Crisis Manager • Lead the nation when we face a major challenge President FDR asking for a Declaration of War President George W. Bush at Ground Zero after 9/11 Powers: Promoting national security & general welfare • Commander in Chief: head of the military • War Powers Resolution: President can commit troops to action for 60 days, as long as Congress is notified within 48 hours • Chief Diplomat: send aid ($$) to foreign nations in crisis

Lifting Morale of America • President act as a representative of American democratic ideas and unifying as one nation “The test of our progress is not whether we add more to the abundance of those who have much; it is whether we provide enough for those who have too little. ” - President Franklin D. Roosevelt • Bully-pulpit: addressing the nation in difficult times • Symbolic leadership • Honoring historic moments

Promoting a Party Presidents recognize the political party they represent • Campaigning or fundraising events for members of the party • Patronage: appoint presidential campaign supporters to government positions

Public Approval – Weakens or Strengthens • Presidential abilities are effected based on how the public views their effectiveness as a leader • Ex. • Handling a crisis leads to greater approval gains greater Congressional support • Lame Duck: president in the final year of his term & can’t be re-elected (Congress ignores him)

• FP. C&G. 2: Analyze government systems within the United States in terms of their structure, function, and relationships. • FP. C&G. 2. 1: Analyze the structure of national, state, and local governments in terms of ways they organized to maintain order, security, welfare of the general public and the protections of citizens • FP. C&G. 2. 3: Evaluate the U. S. Constitution as a “living Constitution” in terms of how the words in the Constitution and Bill of Rights have been interpreted and applied throughout their existence • FP. C&G. 2. 4: Compare the Constitutions and the structures of the United States and North Carolina governments • FP. C&G. 2. 5: Compare United States system of government within the framework of the federal and state structures as well as in how they relate with governmental systems of other nations • Essential Question: Evaluate how Republicanism form of government executed the ideas established by the founders within the U. S. Constitution • Students Can: • Contrast structures, functions, and relationship of government systems between the federal, state, and local government • Evaluate how the U. S. Constitution adapts to meet the challenges of an ever-changing society • Decipher how the concept of federalism allows each level of government to meet the needs to the people Agenda: Ø Crisis Manager Ø Foreign Diplomacy Ø Constitutional Guide to Foreign Policy Homework: Ø Study for Presidential Roles Quiz on Friday 11/20/20

Crisis in a Foreign Land Situation 1: The United Nations has asked the President of the United States for military assistance in removing Libyan dictator, Maummar Gaddafi has ruled Libya and suppressed the rights of its people, while allowing terrorist organizations to setup training camps and plan attacks against U. S. military. • What President role will be used to deal with this situation? • Who will carry out the President’s orders? Situation 2: Pakistan has been hit with a bad earthquake which has destroyed many towns and villages. They need help with setting up field hospitals, rescuing people from the rubble, and getting food and medical supplies. Pakistan has helped the U. S. keeping terrorist group, Al-Quade out of the country and desperately needs American help. • What President role will be used to deal with this situation? • How will the President’s action help the United States?

The Foreign Policy Authority The president is “the sole organ of the federal government in the field of international relations, ”. . “He, not Congress, has the better opportunity of knowing conditions which prevail in foreign countries and especially is this true in time of war, ” - Justice George Sutherland, United States v. Curtiss-Wright Export Corporation 1936 • The Leader of the Free World grants the President greater authority than Congress • Commander-in-chief • Appoint ambassador • Receive and meet with foreign diplomat • Informal powers • War Powers Resolution

Problems with foreign policy • John Q Public make foreign policy confusing Americans sending mixed signals on foreign policy

Winning the War of Foreign Policy • America Presidents objectives in guiding foreign policy Protect & Promote National Security Promote World Peace Promote Democracy Promote International Trade

Advising on Foreign Policy

The TOOLS to Persuade • Tools & Tactics to support American foreign policy agenda DIPLOMACY: Negotiate Foreign aid: use gives money to assist them in dealing with a crisis Treaties: agreements between nations (with the consent of Senate) Ambassadors: represent the U. S. in foreign countries Meeting & Receiving Diplomats Executive Agreements: do not require Senate approval

The TOOLS to Persuade • Foreign policy enforcement Commander in Chief: use the military War Powers. Resolution: commit troops to action for 60 days without a declaration of war Tariffs – tax on imports Embargo – refusal to trade with another country Trade sanctions = blocking trades

• FP. C&G. 2: Analyze government systems within the United States in terms of their structure, function, and relationships. • FP. C&G. 2. 1: Analyze the structure of national, state, and local governments in terms of ways they organized to maintain order, security, welfare of the general public and the protections of citizens • FP. C&G. 2. 3: Evaluate the U. S. Constitution as a “living Constitution” in terms of how the words in the Constitution and Bill of Rights have been interpreted and applied throughout their existence • FP. C&G. 2. 4: Compare the Constitutions and the structures of the United States and North Carolina governments • FP. C&G. 2. 5: Compare United States system of government within the framework of the federal and state structures as well as in how they relate with governmental systems of other nations • Essential Question: Evaluate how Republicanism form of government executed the ideas established by the founders within the U. S. Constitution • Students Can: • Contrast structures, functions, and relationship of government systems between the federal, state, and local government • Evaluate how the U. S. Constitution adapts to meet the challenges of an ever changing society • Decipher how the concept of federalism allows each level of government to meet the needs to the people Agenda: Ø Interpretation is Key Ø The Rule of the Desk Ø It’s Bureaucratic Government Homework: Ø No HOMEWORK Ø Executive Branch Test – Monday Dec. 7 th (2 nd period) or Tuesday Dec. 8 (6 th Period)

Being Bureaucratic 1. Describe what’s going on in the political cartoon. (Who? What? When? Where? ) 2. Identify any symbols (ex: an elephant to represent the Republican Party) portrayed in the cartoon and analyze what they represent. 3. What is the artist’s message in the cartoon? What do you think is its purpose? 4. Do you agree or disagree with the cartoonist's message? Explain your answer. 5. What does this cartoon tell us about bureaucracy in general? The federal bureaucracy in particular?

Federal Bureaucracy • Federal government agencies that assist the President in enforcement & implementation (carry out) of the law & running the government White House Office Executive Offices of the President Cabinet Independent Agencies & Regulatory Boards & Commissions Government Corporations Bureaucracy = Rule of the Desk

Implementation Discretion • Bureaucratic discretion: federal agencies enforce laws as they see fit. (Ex. Laws against pollutions – Congress does NOT define what pollution is – EPA decides the level of toxicity) Reasons for bureaucratic discretion: • Experts in the field • Congress can blame them if it goes wrong

White House Staff • 400 close aids and advisors that work within the White Houses • None go through Senate confirmation • Provide guidance and advice on issues Examples: • Chief of Staff: controls access to the president (THE GATEKEEPER) • Press Secretary: Media advisor and gives press briefings • Speech writers Chief of Staff – The Gate Keeper

Executive Office the President • AKA (EOP) • About 1, 800 employees • Perform a variety of specialized tasks for President • Ex: • Office of Management and Budget—aids president in developing budget proposal to Congress • National Security Council (NSC)—advises president on foreign and defense policy

Organization of the Federal Branch cont’… • National Security Council • Helps direct US military and foreign policy • National Security Advisor • Council of Economic Advisors • Helps carry out the role of the economic leader • Advice about complex economic matters (unemployment, inflation, taxes, etc. )

Cabinet Departments • • • • State Treasury Interior Agriculture Justice Commerce Labor Defense Health and Human Services Housing and Urban Development Transportation Energy Education Veterans Affairs Homeland Security-last in line of presidential succession

The Cabinet Dept of State Plans and carries out the nation’s foreign policy Mike Pompeo Dept of Treasury Collects, borrows, spends, and prints money Steve Menuchin Dept of Defense Manages the military Mark Esperl Dept of Justice Responsible for all aspects of law enforcement William Barr Dept of Interior Manages and protects the nation’s public lands and natural resources David Bernhardt

Government Corporations • Private businesses owned and operated by the gov’t and not private people • Ex. Postal Service (USPS)

Independent Executive Agencies • Created by Congress to address concerns that go beyond the scope of ordinary legislation. • These agencies are responsible for keeping the gov’t and economy running smoothly. • Ex: NASA (executive Agency- specialized areas), TSA, FEC, CIA

Regulatory Commissions • Independent of all 3 branches • Impartial • Appointed by the pres. , approved by the Senate • Unlike Bureaucrats, They do not report to the pres. and cannot be fired or removed by the president • Impact our daily lives • FCC, EPA

Government Workers • Federal Government is the largest employer in the United States Political appointees: chose by the President and go through Senate confirmation Civil Servants: permanent employees that are hired based on competitive testing and merit Civil Service System: Established by the Pendleton Act to remove political corruption created by the spoil system. - Established the MERIT SYSTEM

• FP. C&G. 2: Analyze government systems within the United States in terms of their structure, function, and relationships. • FP. C&G. 2. 1: Analyze the structure of national, state, and local governments in terms of ways they organized to maintain order, security, welfare of the general public and the protections of citizens • FP. C&G. 2. 3: Evaluate the U. S. Constitution as a “living Constitution” in terms of how the words in the Constitution and Bill of Rights have been interpreted and applied throughout their existence • FP. C&G. 2. 4: Compare the Constitutions and the structures of the United States and North Carolina governments • FP. C&G. 2. 5: Compare United States system of government within the framework of the federal and state structures as well as in how they relate with governmental systems of other nations • Essential Question: Evaluate how Republicanism form of government executed the ideas established by the founders within the U. S. Constitution • Students Can: • Contrast structures, functions, and relationship of government systems between the federal, state, and local government • Evaluate how the U. S. Constitution adapts to meet the challenges of an ever changing society • Decipher how the concept of federalism allows each level of government to meet the needs to the people Agenda: Ø Executive Test Ø Governing NC Ø Governor vs. Presidency Homework: Ø Presidential Scrape book due Wed. 2/19 Ø Executive test 2/21

The Executive Decision • Identify the following statements as President, NC Governor, or Both ___ Line item veto ___ Make executive agreements ___ Advise by the Council of State ___ Veto ___ Natural born citizens ___ Legislative leader ___ Grant pardons ___ Term limits ___ Executive privilege

Governor • Governor- leader of the State Executive Branch • Term • 4 year terms • Unlimited number of terms but only 2 can be consecutive • Ex. Jim Hunt 1976 and 1980 then again 1992 and 1996 • Qualifications • 30 years old • US citizen for 5 years • Lived in NC for the past 2 years Roy Cooper (Democrat)

Lt. Governor • Lieutenant Governor: Elected separately from the Governor • Responsibilities (has power in both the legislative and executive banches) • Presides over NC Senate (Tie-breaker vote) • Serves on • Council of State • NC Board of Education • NC Capitol Planning Commission • NC Board of Community Colleges Dan Forest (Republican)

Governor Continued • Powers and Duties: • Responsible for carrying out the laws of the state • Issues executive orders to the state bureaucracy • Appoints top officials with the advice and consent to Senate • Administers the state’s budget

Governor Continued • Chief Legislator • Suggest new bills for laws • Try to win approval from the legislature • Veto legislature or use a line-item-veto (the President cannot do this!) (veto specific part of a proposal) – Can be overridden by a 2/3 rds vote

Governor Continued • Judicial power • grant pardons, commute sentences, or parole • Commander-in-chief: head of the National Guard

Council of State • Executive branch is partially run by eight agencies with elected departments heads • Serves 4 year terms, elected by voters • Can serve unlimited number of terms

• FP. C&G. 2: Analyze government systems within the United States in terms of their structure, function, and relationships. • FP. C&G. 2. 1: Analyze the structure of national, state, and local governments in terms of ways they organized to maintain order, security, welfare of the general public and the protections of citizens • FP. C&G. 2. 3: Evaluate the U. S. Constitution as a “living Constitution” in terms of how the words in the Constitution and Bill of Rights have been interpreted and applied throughout their existence • FP. C&G. 2. 4: Compare the Constitutions and the structures of the United States and North Carolina governments • FP. C&G. 2. 5: Compare United States system of government within the framework of the federal and state structures as well as in how they relate with governmental systems of other nations • Essential Question: Evaluate how Republicanism form of government executed the ideas established by the founders within the U. S. Constitution • Students Can: • Contrast structures, functions, and relationship of government systems between the federal, state, and local government • Evaluate how the U. S. Constitution adapts to meet the challenges of an ever changing society • Decipher how the concept of federalism allows each level of government to meet the needs to the people Agenda: Ø Self-check Presidential Scrapbook Ø Scrapbook editing Homework: Ø Presidential Scrapbook due 2/18/20 Ø Executive test 2/19

• FP. C&G. 2: Analyze government systems within the United States in terms of their structure, function, and relationships. • FP. C&G. 2. 1: Analyze the structure of national, state, and local governments in terms of ways they organized to maintain order, security, welfare of the general public and the protections of citizens • FP. C&G. 2. 3: Evaluate the U. S. Constitution as a “living Constitution” in terms of how the words in the Constitution and Bill of Rights have been interpreted and applied throughout their existence • FP. C&G. 2. 4: Compare the Constitutions and the structures of the United States and North Carolina governments • FP. C&G. 2. 5: Compare United States system of government within the framework of the federal and state structures as well as in how they relate with governmental systems of other nations • Essential Question: Evaluate how Republicanism form of government executed the ideas established by the founders within the U. S. Constitution • Students Can: • Contrast structures, functions, and relationship of government systems between the federal, state, and local government • Evaluate how the U. S. Constitution adapts to meet the challenges of an ever-changing society • Decipher how the concept of federalism allows each level of government to meet the needs to the people Agenda: Ø Executive Defining Ø Executive Prep Ø Challenging the Executive Homework: Ø Study for Executive Test Ø Executive Branch Test – Monday Dec. 7 th (2 nd period) or Tuesday Dec. 8 (6 th Period)

Practice Questions 1. Since the 1950 s, no United States president has run for a third term as president because (FP. C&G. 2. 3) A. vice presidents are usually eager to succeed presidents B. the public has not wanted a president to serve more than two terms C. opposition within each president’s political party has discouraged long tenure in office D. The 22 nd Amendment was passed denying a president a third term in office

Practice Questions 2. What role was President Clinton fulfilling when he signed the North America Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) with the leaders of Mexico and Canada? (FP. C&G. 2. 5) A. Chief executive B. Chief diplomat C. Commander in Chief D. Legislative leader

Practice Questions 3. The War Powers Act of 1973 would be most important in determining (FP. C&G. 2. 3) A. The nature of commitment of U. S. troops to help maintain peace in the Middle East B. The amount of financial aid sent to a developing nation in Africa C. The appointment of key military officials within the Department of Justice D. The legality of an investigation of a neighboring government

Practice Questions 4. How does the political cartoon illustrate a presidential role? (FP. C&G. 2. 6) A. The president is serving as head of state by carrying out a symbolic duty of the president B. The president is serving as legislative leader by proposing new laws he wants passed C. The president is serving as party leader by arguing why democrats should be elected to Congress D. The president is serving as chief executive by having the federal bureaucracy enforce these laws

Practice Questions 5. When vetoing a bill that Congress has passed, the President is exercising which power? (FP. C&G. 2. 1) A. Chief diplomat B. Head of state C. Chief legislator D. Commander in chief