THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH The Executive Branch Monday Tuesday

THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH The Executive Branch Monday & Tuesday August 28 - 29

WARM UP : 8/28/17 WHAT DOES IT TAKE TO BE A GREAT PRESIDENT?

Male— 100% DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF U. S. PRESIDENTS Protestant— 97% British ancestry— 82% College education— 77% Politicians— 69% Lawyers— 62% Top 3% wealth and social class—at least 50% Elected from large states— 69%

HOW MUCH DO YOU KNOW? � Who was the youngest person ever to be President of the United States? � J. F. K. � Who was the oldest person ever to be President of the United States? � Ronald Reagan � Who held the presidency for the longest time? � Franklin D. Roosevelt � Who held the presidency for the shortest period of time? � William Henry Harrison (9) – died 32 days after Inauguration.

THE PRESIDENCY THROUGH A PRESIDENT’S EYES “I sit here all day trying to persuade people to do things they ought to have the sense to do without my persuading them. That’s all the powers of the President amount to. ” -HST “No easy problem ever comes to the President of the U. S. If they are easy to solve, somebody else has solved them” - JFK “The presidency has made every man who occupied it, not matter how small, bigger than he was; and no matter how big, not big enough for its demands. ” -LBJ

THE PRESIDENCY THROUGH A PRESIDENT’S EYES “Under the doctrine of the separation of powers, the manner in which the president personally exercises his assigned executive powers is not subject to questioning by another branch of government. ” -RN “To those of you who received honors, awards, and distinctions, I say ‘well done. ’ And to the C students, I say ‘you too, can be president of the United States. ’” -GB

WARM UP: 8/29 – A PRESIDENT’S SCHEDULE -Why do you think the president has so many responsibilities? -Based on the diary entry, what are some of the roles and responsibilities of the president?

EXECUTIVE BRANCH AT A GLANCE Enforces the law Described in Article II of the U. S. Constitution “The executive power shall be vested in a President of the United States of America. He shall hold his Office during the Term of four Years, and, together with the Vice President, chosen for the same Term, be elected as follows”

EXECUTIVE BRANCH AT A GLANCE Salary and Benefits $400, 000 salary (tax free) Determined by Congress $50, 000/year expense account $100, 000/year travel expenses A nice house (White House) Secret Service protection (up to 10 years after leaving office) Country home (Camp David) Personal airplane (Air Force One) Staff of 400 -500 full-time employees All Healthcare expenses covered

THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH A. President 1. Qualifications a. Natural-born citizen – John Mc. Cain b. Must have lived in the U. S. for 14 years c. Must be at least 35 years old 2. Term a. Four year term; eligible for re-election b. President Washington set precedent for serving only two terms; 22 nd Amendment made it law – no more than two terms or 10 years

TRIVIA QUESTION Is it possible to be born outside of the U. S. and still be a natural born citizen? Yes, U. S. military bases, embassies count as U. S. soil John Mc. Cain – was born on U. S military base in Panama, ran for Pres. in 2008

REMOVAL OF PRESIDENT The president and vice president may be removed from office upon conviction of impeachment for high crimes and misdemeanors Article 1 Impeached with majority vote in House of Reps. Put on trial and prosecuted in Senate with 2/3 majority vote (60)

THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH B. Presidential Powers 1. National Security Powers a. Serves as Commander-in. Chief of armed forces 1) Can authorize the use of troops overseas without declaring war – 90 days… 2) Needs approval of Congress to declare war officially b. Makes treaties with other nations c. Nominates ambassadors d. Receives ambassadors of other nations, and thus recognizes those lands as official countries

THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH B. Presidential Powers (continued) 2. Legislative Powers a. Presents information at the State of the Union Address to Congress b. Recommends legislation to Congress c. Calls Congress to special sessions d. Approves laws passed by Congress a. Veto Power (Checks over Legislative branch) 3. Administrative Powers a. Execute and enforce the laws passed by Congress - Article II,

THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH B. Presidential Powers (continued) 4. Judicial Powers a. Grants reprieves and pardons for federal crimes b. Appoints Federal judges, with agreement of majority of Senate – Check over Judicial branch

What are the roles of the United States President?

PRESIDENTIAL ROLES Chief of State Symbol of the American people and Federal Gov. Similar to Queen of England but Pres. rules and reigns – not just symbolic Chief Executive Head of the executive branch/bureaucracy Pres. must enforce the law Has power at home and abroad Executive orders

PRESIDENTIAL ROLES Chief Administrator Head of Federal Government Employs 2. 7 million people/year Federal budget > $ 2 trillion/year Chief Diplomat Main architect of American foreign policy Main spokesperson to the rest of the world

PRESIDENTIAL ROLES Commander in Chief In charge of the armed forces Controls military and has ultimate responsibility for military decisions 2. 7 million men and women in the armed forces and the nation’s entire military arsenal are subject to the President’s direct and immediate control

PRESIDENTIAL ROLES Chief Legislator/Policy Maker Main architect of (public policy) Initiates, suggests, requests, insists and demands that Congress enact legislation Sets Congressional agenda State of the Union Address

PRESIDENTIAL ROLES Chief of Party Leader of the political party that controls the executive branch Works to make sure their party does good in congressional elections…. why? Yet, no mention of political parties in Constitution Chief Citizen “The representative of all the people” Work for, represent and protest public interest from private interests Represent American people

LET’S REVIEW Kahoot - The Basics of the Executive Branch - Powers and Roles of the President

EXIT TICKET 8/28 - REVIEW What are the roles of the President? Which do you think is the most important? What are the powers of the president? Which two do you think are the most important?

THE PRESIDENTIAL TERM IN OFFICE In 1951 – there were no formal term limits for the President Unwritten rule since George Washington - President’s only serve two terms FDR became the first President to break tradition when he ran and was elected to his third term in 1940 22 nd amendment (1951) officially limited the President to serving two four-year terms Also limited President to serving 10 full years If VP succeeds President (death or removal) and they have entered in the 2 nd half of that FIRST term, they may run for 2 additional terms as President (or 10 years)

EXECUTIVE BRANCH AT A GLANCE Line of Succession The order successors to the presidency if the president is unable to serve as specified in the Constitution Vice President Speaker of the House President pro tempore of the Senate Secretary of State Line continues by each of the 14 heads of the Cabinet departments, in the order in which their offices were created by Congress

FEDERAL BUREAUCRACY Bureaucracy Large, complex administrative structure that handles the everyday business of the federal government Federal government is the largest organization in the country Consists of four main groups: The White House staff The Executive Office of the President Executive departments Independent agencies

FEDERAL BUREAUCRACY Brief History Government at all levels grew enormously during the 20 th century Society has become increasingly complex Recent years = trying to cut down size Deregulation – big during Reagan, also possible cause of current economic crisis Obama – largest unfunded expansion of government in history

Federal Bureaucracy President Vice President White House Staff Executive Office of the President Cabinet Independent Agencies

THE EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENTS D. The Cabinet 1. 2. 3. Not mentioned in Constitution, but maybe best known organization in executive branch Group of advisors to the President; appointed by President with agreement of Congress 15 departments today – Heads of these departments make up the Cabinet -Departments: -Education -Defense -Homeland Security -State

The Federal government is the nation’s largest employer!

ROAD TO THE PRESIDENCY Step #1 Person announces their candidacy and works toward public awareness, fundraising, and developing a platform Step #2 Primaries/Caucuses—determines which candidates for president will be supported by that state at the national convention of each political party Step #3 National Convention—held for both parties; when parties determine who will receive their nomination

ROAD TO THE PRESIDENCY Step #4 General Election—Battling between Republicans and Democrats (can also include 3 rd parties); held on first Tuesday in November Step #5 Electoral College Vote

HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENT 8/29 TWITTER STATUS Create a twitter status (140 characters or less) describing the most important idea from today’s class Include at least one hashtag