The Excretory System Getting rid of metabolic wastes

The Excretory System Getting rid of metabolic wastes! Brainpop video https: //www. brainpop. com/health/bodys ystems/urinarysystem/

Excretory System: A. Function: Removal of metabolic waste products (ex. Water, CO 2, salts, and urea) from an organism B. Comparing Multicellular & Unicellular Organisms § Life Process : excretion § Cell Organelle(s): vacuole, cell membrane (Wastes and CO 2 diffuse out of cells) nutrients O 2 sugar CO 2 sugar urea O 2 nutrients

C. Excretory organs 1. LUNGS: § Rids body of CO 2 2. LIVER § Recycling of red blood cells, production of urea § Urea is made from the breakdown of proteins (amino acids) § Detoxification- Chemical poisons made harmless 3. SKIN: largest gland § contains sweat glands & regulates body temperature through perspiration § Rids body of excess water, salt (SWEAT), and some urea

4. The Urinary (excretory) System: (Organ & Functions) a) Kidneys (renal infers to anything having to do with the kidney): • filter wastes out of blood to make urine • maintain water balance & blood p. H b) Ureters: tubes that carry urine to the bladder c) urinary bladder: Stores urine d) urethra: tube where urine exits the body

Kidney Structure § Renal Artery: Blood carrying wastes enters the kidneys § Renal Vein: “clean” blood (no wastes) leaves the kidneys to re-circulate around the body § Renal Cortex: Outer portion § Renal Medulla: “Corn” shaped inner portion § Nephrons: Functional unit of the kidneys! § Lie between cortex and medulla – there are Millions of them § filter the blood, return useful substances to the blood and collect urine.

Structure of the Kidneys Section 38 -3 Kidney Nephron Bowman’s capsule Cortex Medulla Renal artery Capillaries Glomerulus Renal vein Ureter Collecting duct Vein To the bladder Artery Loop of Henle To the ureter

D. SYSTEMS WORKING WITH SYSTEMS TO MAINTAIN HOMEOSTASIS The excretory system works with the: 1. Circulatory system: Describe relationship : the blood carries (transports) wastes to the kidneys to be removed; it returns the cleaned blood back to the body 2. Respiratory system: Describe relationship : the lungs excrete CO 2 - one of the waste products of cell respiration

E. Excretory Homeostasis Disorders 1. Gout: Caused by deposits of uric acid in joints. Suffer from stiffness and pain in joints. Common with high protein diets. 2. Kidney Stones: caused by a calcium buildup in kidneys due to improper diet. Painful when in the ureter. May need surgery if stone is too large. 3. Cirrhosis: Occurs when too much alcohol is consumed. Liver needs to work extra hard to metabolize alcohol. By products of alcohol (fats) accumulate in liver which causes scarring. Liver may shut down and homeostasis can no longer be maintained

Kidney Dialysis Blood in tubing flows through dialysis fluid Blood pump Vein Artery Used dialysis fluid Shunt Air detector Dialysis machine Filters (cleans) blood because the kidneys cannot Fresh dialysis fluid Compresse d air