The Everyday Writer Andrea A Lunsford SubjectVerb Agreement

The Everyday Writer Andrea A. Lunsford Subject-Verb Agreement

Third-person singular subjects �To make a verb in the present tense agree with a third-person singular subject, add –s or –es to the base form. A vegetarian diet lowers the risk of heart disease. What you eat affects your health.

Third-person singular subjects �To make a verb in the present tense agree with any other subject, use the base form of the verb. I miss my family. They live in another state.

Third-person singular subjects �Have and be do not follow the –s or –es pattern. Have changes to has; be has irregular forms in both present and past tenses. War is hell. The soldier was brave beyond the call of duty.

Subjects and verbs separated by other words �Make sure the verb agrees with the subject and not with another noun that falls in between. A vase of flowers makes a room attractive. have Many books on the best-seller list has little literary value

Subjects and verbs separated by other words was A passenger, as well as the driver, were injured in the accident.

Compound subjects �Subjects joined by and generally require a plural verb form. were A backpack, a canteen, and a rifle was issued to each recruit. George W. Bush’s older brother and political ally was the governor of Florida. remains Drinking and driving remain a major cause of highway accidents and fatalities.

Compound subjects �If the word each or every precedes subjects joined by and, the verb form is singular. Each boy and girl chooses one gift to take home.

Compound subjects �With subjects joined by or or nor, the verb agrees with the part closer or closest to the verb. Either the witnesses or the defendant is lying.

Collective-noun subjects �Nouns like family, team, audience, group, jury, crowd, band, class, and committee refer to a group and can take either singular or plural verbs depending on whether they refer to the group as a single unit or to the members. After deliberating, the jury reports its verdict. The jury still disagree on a number of counts.

Fractions, etc. Two-thirds of the park has burned. Two-thirds of the students were commuters. Where are my reading glasses? The number of applicants for the internship was amazing. A number of applicants were put on the waiting list.

Indefinite- pronoun subjects �Most take singular verb forms. Of the two jobs, neither holds much appeal. �Both, few, many, others, and several are plural. �All, any, enough, more, most, none, and some Though many apply, few are chosen. can be singular or plural, depending on the noun they refer to. All of the cake was eaten.

Antecedents of who, which, and that �The verb should agree with the antecedent of the pronoun. Fear is an ingredient that goes into creating stereotypes. Guilt and fear are ingredients that go into creating stereotypes. work Carla is one of the employees who always works overtime.

Linking verbs �Verb should agree with the subject NOT the complement. are The three key treaties is the topic of my talk.

Subjects that are plural in form but singular in meaning �Some words that end in –s appear plural but are singular. strikes Measles still strike many Americans.

Subjects that follow verbs �Make the verb agree with the subject, not with a noun that happens to be before it. stand Beside the barn stands silos filled with grain. �In sentences beginning with there is or there are, there is NOT the subject. There are five basic positions in the classical ballet.

Titles and words used as words describes One Writer’s Beginnings describe Eudora Welty’s childhood. is Steroids are a little word that packs a big punch in the world of sports.