The European GNSS Programmes EGNOS and Galileo Philippe

The European GNSS Programmes EGNOS and Galileo Philippe HAMET – European Commission Hyderabad 21 January 2011

European GNSS Programmes Europe’s venture into satellite navigation consists of two systems: « EGNOS « Non-autonomous infrastructure « Improves GPS performance « Coverage of European countries « 3 services but mainly designed for aviation users (Safety-of-Life Service) « Galileo « Fully autonomous infrastructure « Performances similar to those of GPS « Global coverage « 5 Services ‘It’s there, use it’ Navigation solutions powered by Europe 12/06/2021 The European GNSS Programmes 2

‘It’s there, use it’ 12/06/2021 The European GNSS Programmes 3

EGNOS System Architecture and Service Area 6 Navigation Land Earth Stations 34 Ranging & Integrity Monitoring Stations (RIMS) GPS signals EGNOS Service Area 2 Support Facilities 3 GEO Satellites 4 Mission Control Centres EGNOS Satellite Footprints 12/06/2021 3 Geostationary satellites Soon to be replaced by • INMARSAT 3 F 2 AOR-E (15. 5°W) • ARTEMIS (21. 3°E) • INMARSAT 4 F 2 • ASTRA SIRIUS 5 • ASTRA 5 B The European GNSS Programmes 4

EGNOS Services EGNOS will deliver its services on a long-term basis (>20 years) Service Open Service Characteristics accuracy ~1 m, free Service Status available since October 2009 Safety of Life accuracy ~1 m, Service compliant to aviation standards to be made available beginning of 2011 Commercial Service (EDAS) experimental service since 2008; official service to be made available in 2011 accuracy <1 m, corrections are provided by terrestrial networks EDAS … EGNOS Data Access Server 12/06/2021 The European GNSS Programmes 5

EGNOS Services – EDAS The EGNOS commercial service (EDAS) will be made available in 2011 EGNOS data (real-time): • RIMS raw observations • SBAS messages EGNOS Data Access Server - EDAS Value-added service provider « « User-specific information Phase 1 “prototyping”: « Beta test users « Freely available to all, after registration « Service Definition phase « Experimental service since 2008 Phase 2: Service Provision (in 2011) 12/06/2021 End users The European GNSS Programmes 6

EGNOS Performance (June 2010) The deployment of additional RIMS in Eastern Europe, Southern Europe, Northern Africa and the Middle East will increase the availability area of APV-1 APV … Approach with vertical guidance 12/06/2021 The European GNSS Programmes 7

EGNOS Extensions Eastern Europe Middle-East Southern Europe/MEDA Depending on the extension area, technical implementation may vary from: Homogeneous extension with deployment of additional RIMS Regional infrastructure including additional processing capabilities 12/06/2021 The European GNSS Programmes 8

EGNOS Programme Status EGNOS has entered into its operational phase « 2009 « Assets were transferred to the European Union on 1 April « Long-term service provision contract was signed on 30 September « Open Service declaration took place on 1 October « Procurement to replace the transponder on Artemis is finalized (Astra Sirius 5 to be launched in November 2011) « Procurement to replace the transponder on Inmarsat 4 F 2 is finalized (Astra 5 B to be launched in June 2013) « Geographical extension is under study « 2010 « Certification of ESSP as air navigation services provider on 12 July « 2011 « Safety-of-Life Service declaration planned for beginning of 2011 « Commercial Service declaration (EDAS) planned for 2011 12/06/2021 The European GNSS Programmes 9

Navigation solutions powered by Europe * 12/06/2021 The European GNSS Programmes 10

Galileo Implementation Plan In order for Galileo to be recognized by the downstream market as the second satellite navigation system of choice it is key to deliver early services as soon as 2014/2015 Full Operational Capability All services, 30 satellites 2016/2017 Initial Operational Capability Early Services for OS, SAR, PRS 18 satellites 2014/2015 In-Orbit Validation 4 IOV satellites plus ground segment 2011 Galileo System Testbed v 2 2 initial test satellites 2005 Galileo System Testbed v 1 Validation of critical algorithms 2003 12/06/2021 The European GNSS Programmes 11

Galileo Services Galileo will be offering five services Open Service Free to air, mass market, simple positioning Commercial Service Encrypted, high accuracy, added-value service Safety of Life Service Adds integrity to Open Service Public Regulated Service Encrypted, robust, continuous availability Search and Rescue Service Near real-time, precise, return link 12/06/2021 The European GNSS Programmes 12

Galileo Performance Requirements (Dual frequency) The Galileo Open Service will offer an accuracy better than 4 metres (horizontal) Service Horizontal Accuracy (95%) Vertical Accuracy (95%) Availability for global coverage Integrity (incl. system margins) Open Service 4 m 8 m > 99. 5% NO Commercial Service Detailed performance requirements under elaboration Safety of Life Service 4 m 8 m > 99. 5% YES (LPV 200) Public Regulated Service 4 m 8 m > 99. 5% NO Note: Guaranteed performance in the worst case situation. Actual measured performance is expected to be higher than these requirements 12/06/2021 The European GNSS Programmes 13

Galileo System Architecture 9 Mission uplink stations 5 TT&C stations Constellation of 30 MEO satellites Users & service providers European control centres 30 -40 Galileo sensor stations 12/06/2021 The European GNSS Programmes 14

Galileo Phases Overview IOV IOC* FOC Satellites 4 18 30 Control Centres ½+½ 2 2+1 Mission Uplink Stations 5 6 9 TT&C Stations 2 3 5 Sensor Stations 17 24 30 -40 IOV = In Orbit Validation, IOC = Initial Operational Capability, FOC = Full Operational Capability * values for IOC are to be confirmed 12/06/2021 The European GNSS Programmes 15

Galileo IOC Phase Early Galileo services will already bring significant added value to GNSS users « Expected service performance levels for a Galileo constellation of 18 versus 30 satellites Initial operational capability (IOC) Full operational capability (FOC) 18 30 Number of satellites Galileo open service (OS) + GPS Partially enhanced GPS service Fully enhanced GPS+OS service Galileo open service (OS) standalone Partial performance Full performance Search and rescue service (SAR) Partial performance Full performance Commercial service (CS) Beta test possible Full performance Safety of life service (SOL) To be defined Public regulated service (PRS) Partial performance Full performance 12/06/2021 The European GNSS Programmes 16

Galileo FOC Ground Segment Sites IOV contracts/ATP Under FOC procurement GSS FOC contract awarded GSS + ULS + TTC Svalbard Kiruna Wainwright Redu St. Pierre&M. Fucino USNO Az/Can S. Korea Hawaii Riyadh Kourou Ascencion Réunion Papeete Easter Island Noumea Cordoba South Hartebeesthoek Africa Perth Kerguelen Troll Note: other potential sites are under consideration for FOC, incl. Falklands, Terre Adélie, Jan Mayen, Reykjavik, Diego Garcia, Guam 12/06/2021 The European GNSS Programmes 17

Galileo FOC Procurement Work Package Shortlisted Candidates/Winners 1. System Support Winner: Thales. Alenia. Space (IT) 2. Ground Mission Segment Thales. Alenia. Space (FR) 3. Ground Control Segment Astrium (UK) 4. Space Segment Winner work order 1: OHB System (DE) Candidates for the following work order: OHB System (DE ) EADS-Astrium (DE) 5. Launch Services Winner: Arianespace (FR) 6. Operations OPAL (DE+IT) 12/06/2021 The European GNSS Programmes 18

Applications 12/06/2021 The European GNSS Programmes 19

Supporting the markets « The EC released its Applications Action Plan in June 2010, with 24 action points to help the industry reap the benefits of new and improved satellite navigation applications « 6 priority domains were identified : « individual handsets and mobile phones « road transport « aviation « maritime transport « precision agriculture and environment protection « civil protection and surveillance 12/06/2021 The European GNSS Programmes 20

An example : Applications for road transport « Close to 20% of the global GNSS market in revenue « Examples : « Road-user charging « Fleet management « Automatic in-vehicle emergency call system (e. Call) « Accident reconstruction « Anti-theft systems « Actions from the Commission : « Contract with road stakeholders to perform tests « Optimisation of EU legislation regarding the transport of dangerous goods and the use of chronotachograph systems « Coordination of the establishment of a European certification body for Advance Driver Assistance Systems « Funding of R&D projects 12/06/2021 The European GNSS Programmes 21

R&D and innovation activities « Inside the frame of « the European 7 th and 8 th Framework Programmes for Research and Development « and the 1 st and 2 nd Competitiveness and Innovation Programmes « FP 7 activites : « « Receivers development Development of new applications International cooperation Studies for specific components and services « CIP activities « Awareness raising « Support to innovation by SMEs 12/06/2021 The European GNSS Programmes 22

Thank you for your attention 12/06/2021 The European GNSS Programmes 23

EGNOS Additional Slides 12/06/2021 The European GNSS Programmes 24

EGNOS Evolutions In the long-term, further coverage extensions and service evolutions will be considered « Service Provision Improvements ► short/medium term « Coverage Evolution « Eastern Europe, Southern Europe/MEDA, Middle East/ACAC « Africa ► medium/long term ► medium term « Frequency Evolution « Extension to the E 5 a/E 5 b frequency decided on ARTEMIS replacement « Evolution of Standards ► long term « Standardisation of E 5 a and E 5 b, L 1 CBOC on-going « Augmentation of new GNSS « Additional Services LPV 200 service level ► medium term (2011) EGNOS capability to meet this service level currently under technical evaluation EGNOS time service ► medium term Possible critical communication message (ALIVE concept) * 12/06/2021 The European GNSS Programmes 25

EGNOS organisation European Commission Programme Management Delegation Agreement ESA GNSS Evolution Programme R&D And Techno Service Contract ESA ESSP SESASTRA Design Agent + Procurement of Infrastructure Evolutions Service Provision & Operations Maintenance GEO 1 Nov 2011 GEO 2 June 2013 1 GEO GEO Artemis 1 GEO Thales F MCCs Sites Inmarsat BT Thales F 3 GEOs 12/06/2021 The European GNSS Programmes 26

EGNOS Improvement on Precision GPS 12/06/2021 D-GPS SBAS (EGNOS) The European GNSS Programmes 27

Aviation first to recognize EGNOS benefits (mostly GA and small-medium airports) EGNOS enables a reduction in the decision height EGNOS competitive space General operational benefits Reduction in angle of approach (direct and curved) Better lateral guidance Allows for IFR-like operation in non ILS-equipped airports Increase in airports capacity Increase in safety Increase in flight capability (e. g. helicopters) Long-term Expensive land based navaids can be avoided Enables their long term decommissioning => lower terminal charges 12/06/2021 The European GNSS Programmes 28

EGNOS verification and ESSP certification EGNOS was verified and ESSP was certified on 12 July 2010 by the French air navigation authorities EGNOS was verified based on a clear demonstration that it is designed and operated in a safe manner ESSP was certified based on the Single European Sky Regulatory package: Interoperability Regulation (EC No 552/2004) Service Provision Regulation (EC No 550/2004) – Provision of air navigation services in the Single European Sky Commission Regulation (EC No 2096/2005) – ANSP certification process Safety Oversight Regulation (EC No 1315/2007) 12/06/2021 The European GNSS Programmes 29

EGNOS procedures developed or in development Already 35 procedures, more planned and commitments to follow ICAO’s recommendation for 100% coverage « Spain : 14 procedures at San Sebastian, Valencia, Almeria, Granada, Salamanca, Malaga, La Palma, Cuatro Vientos, Cordoba, Santander « Germany : 1 procedure at Donauwörth Heliport; further procedures planned « Italy : 2 procedures at Çanakkale and Perugia; further procedures planned for Bari, Bologna, Palermo and Venezia « France : 8 procedures at Pau, Toulouse, Clermont Ferrand, Le Bourget, Toussus, Albert Bray, Bordeaux and Marseille Heliport; objective to cover 100% of the instrumental runways by end 2016 « UK : 5 procedures at Alderney, Southampton, Campbeltown, Benbecula and Barra « Switzerland : 3 procedures at Berne Heliport, Les Eplatures, St-Gallen-Altenrhein « Poland : 2 procedures planned at Mielec and Katowice 12/06/2021 The European GNSS Programmes 30

Worldwide SBAS Coverage WAAS EGNOS SDCM GAGAN MSAS Source: Stanford University 12/06/2021 The European GNSS Programmes 31

EGNOS RIMS Locations RIMS … Ranging & Integrity Monitoring Stations (some additional RIMS are not in view) 12/06/2021 The European GNSS Programmes 32

Galileo Additional Slides 12/06/2021 The European GNSS Programmes 33

GNSS Compatibility and Interoperability E 5 a E 5 b E 6 L 1 L 5 L 3 CDMA ? L 5 E 5 b LEX (E 6) L 1 E 6 L 1 COMPASS IRNSS 12/06/2021 The European GNSS Programmes 34

Galileo Space Segment Semi major axis 29600 km Inclination 56 deg Period: 14 hr 22 min Ground track repeat about 10 days Orbit Graveyard at MEO +300 km 12/06/2021 The European GNSS Programmes 35

Galileo Services Service Single Frequency Benefits • Additional satellites for better multi- Low end mass • Open Service Double Frequency Commercial Service 12/06/2021 Double Frequency Targeted User Group Availability Open system coverage (e. g. , deep urban) market (e. g. , LBS, outdoor) Coding and modulation advances for increased sensitivity and multipath mitigation • Pilot signal for fast acquisition • As above + increased accuracy with High end mass 2 nd frequency • Increased accuracy using additional frequencies and signals • Additional features under Open market (e. g. , car navigation, maritime) Professional markets Commercial (e. g. , surveying, basis precision agriculture) investigation (e. g. , data rate capacity) The European GNSS Programmes 36

Galileo Services Service Single Frequency (Level B) Safety of Life Service Public Regulated Service Double Frequency (Level A and C) Dual Frequency Benefits • As Open Service plus • Integrity and authentication of Targeted User Group Availability Aviation (en route) Open Aviation (A) Maritime (C) Road, Train (A) Open signal • Continuity and service guaranty • As above at higher performance levels suitable for stringent dynamic conditions • As Open Service plus Professional markets Certified receivers • High Continuity (in times of crisis) (e. g. , surveying, precision agriculture) • Improved Robustness (vs jamming, spoofing) Single Search and Frequency Rescue • Almost instantaneous reception of emergency calls • Exact positioning of emergency beacon 12/06/2021 Emergencies Certified and registered beacons The European GNSS Programmes 37

The GNSS market 12/06/2021 The European GNSS Programmes 38

GNSS Market GNSS Value Chain 12/06/2021 The European GNSS Programmes 39

GNSS Market The worldwide “GNSS-enabled” market size for civil applications will be around € 236 billions in 2025 per year 2009 2025 € 140 billion € 236 billion 12/06/2021 Time The European GNSS Programmes 40

Individual handsets and mobile phones (LBS) « 52% of the global GNSS market in revenue « Examples : « Guiding people in unknown cities « Guiding blind people or people with reduced mobility « Monitoring children, monitoring people with Alzheimer disease « Location-based advertising « Real-time information on local public transport « Actions from the Commission : « Industrial cooperation with GNSS-owner countries « Cooperation with receiver manufacturers « Funding of R&D projects « Toolkit for smartphone application developers 12/06/2021 The European GNSS Programmes 41

Applications for aviation « The Commission will soon provide the EGNOS safety-of-Life Service for aviation : « safer en-route navigation « safer landings at airports not equipped with ground-based navigation aids « low-cost alternative to ground-based navigation aids (ILS CATI) « increased airports capacity « less delays, diversions and cancellations « lower fuel consumption « lower noise levels 12/06/2021 The European GNSS Programmes 42

Applications for maritime transport « Examples : « Track control « Ship-to-ship coordination « Port approach and navigation « Ship-to-shore coordination « Calamity abatement « Actions from the Commission : « Search-And-Rescue Service of Galileo « Funding of R&D projects 12/06/2021 The European GNSS Programmes 43

Applications for precision agriculture « Examples : « Automatic steering guidance « Variable rate application of fertilisers and herbicides « Virtual fencing for livestock « Unique land parcel identification for food traceability « Field measurement in the context of the Common Agriculture Policy « Actions from the Commission : « Optimisation of the CAP rules « Funding of R&D projects 12/06/2021 The European GNSS Programmes 44

Applications for civil protection and surveillance « Examples : « All relief operations where precise localisation is key « Hazard maps « Actions from the Commission : « Leveraging synergies between EGNOS/Galileo and GMES « Funding of R&D projects 12/06/2021 The European GNSS Programmes 45