The Enlightenment Spreads A Mr Ayala short Presentation

The Enlightenment Spreads A Mr. Ayala short Presentation

Enlightenment Spreads � I) A World of Ideas ◦ A) 1700 s, Paris France becomes the cultural and intellectual capital of the world ◦ B) Salons, or a social gathering , usually held by a local wealthy woman, that philosophers, writers, artists, scientists, and others met to discuss new ideas.

Enlightenment Spreads � C) Denis Diderot writes a set of books with articles written by the leading scholars in Europe. This was called Encyclopedia. ◦ 1) Would be banned in France because the information angered the French government and the Catholic Church. ◦ 2) Diderot’s Encyclopedia still helped to spread Enlightenment ideas around Europe.

Enlightenment Spreads � II) New Artistic styles ◦ A) Europe art in the 1600 s to 1700 s was baroque � 1) characterized by grand, ornate, and bawdy designs � 2) Best example: the palace of Versailles

Enlightenment Spreads � B) Neoclassical style develops and borrows ideas and themes from Ancient Greek and Roman art.

Enlightenment Spreads � III) New musical styles ◦ A) Music started to mimic Enlightenment ideals. ◦ B) Used dramatic organ and choral music. ◦ C) Develops the idea of classical music.

Enlightenment Spreads � IV) Enlightenment and Monarchy ◦ A) Enlightenment ideas began to trickle up to monarchs of this time. ◦ B) Monarchs who believed and reflected the spirit of the Enlightenment were known as Enlightened despot, or Enlightened monarch ◦ C) Had two motivations: � 1) wanted to make their country stronger � 2) rule more effectively

Enlightenment Spreads � D) Frederick II, or Frederick the Great. Prussia. 1740 - 1786. ◦ A) Reformed his country by � 1) � 2) � 3) � 4) religious freedoms reduced censorship improved education abolished the torture ◦ B) Did not try to reform serfdom because he needed the support of wealthy landowners ◦ C) He states that he is “the first servant of the state”

Enlightenment Spreads � E) Joseph II of Austria ◦ 1) Joseph II ( 1780 -1792 reign) son of Maria Theresa ◦ 2) Reforms �a) supported freedom of worship �b) gave freedom of the press �c) abolished serfdom �d) ordered that peasants were paid in cash ◦ 3) As soon as he died all of his reforms was undone

Enlightenment Spreads � F) Catherine the Great, Russia (1762 -1796) ◦ 1) ruled as an absolute monarch but wanted to reform society ◦ 2) reforms �a) allowed religious toleration �b) abolished torture and capital punishment 3) None of her reforms stayed 4) Wanted to free the serfs, but when the serfs rebelled she crushed them and did not want to reform serfdom any longer 5) Expands westward to Poland (disappears from the map until WWI) and control of the Northern shore of the Black sea.