The Enjoyment of Music 10 th Shorter Edition

The Enjoyment of Music 10 th Shorter Edition The Enjoyment of Music 10 th, Shorter Edition

Unit XIX Absolute Forms in the Nineteenth Century “A symphony must be like the world; it must embrace everything” -Gustav Mahler The Enjoyment of Music 10 th, Shorter Edition

52. The Romantic Symphony • Increased orchestral size • Lyrical themes, colorful harmonies, expanded proportions • Overall structure as in 18 th century • Movement order varies Brahms: Symphony No. 1 The Enjoyment of Music 10 th, Shorter Edition

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The Enjoyment of Music 10 th Shorter Edition The Enjoyment of Music 10 th, Shorter Edition

53. Brahms and the Late Romantic Symphony • • Johannes Brahms (1833– 1897) German composer Musical family Close friends with Roberta and Clara Schumann • Died at 64 Robert and Clara Schumann The Enjoyment of Music 10 th, Shorter Edition

Brahms’s Music “It is not hard to compose, but it is wonderfully hard to let the superfluous notes fall under the table. ” —Johannes Brahms • Traditionalist • Four symphonies, solo piano and chamber music, Lieder • Romantic tendencies • Third Symphony: Classical and Romantic traits Brahms: Piano Quartet No. 3 The Enjoyment of Music 10 th, Shorter Edition

Brahms: Symphony No. 3 in F Major (Listening Guide) • • Written at age 50 Classical in form, Romantic in tone Cyclical structure I: Conventional sonata-allegro – Three-note motive (F-Ab-F) – Frei aber froh (“Free but happy”) – Motive permeates the entire symphony • II: Andante, sonata-allegro form • III: Waltz, ternary form • IV: Sonata-allegro Listening Guide PDF The Enjoyment of Music 10 th, Shorter Edition

The Enjoyment of Music 10 th Shorter Edition The Enjoyment of Music 10 th, Shorter Edition

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54. The Romantic Concerto • The Nature of the Concerto Three-movement structure Cadenzas • Virtuosity and the Concerto Vehicle for virtuosic display Specific soloist “We are so made that we can derive intense enjoyment only from a contrast. ” —Sigmund Freud Brahms: Violin Concerto Johannes Brahms Joseph Joachim The Enjoyment of Music 10 th, Shorter Edition

Felix Mendelssohn and the Concerto Felix Mendelssohn (1809 -1847) • Composer, conductor, pianist • Sister Fanny • Preserved tradition of Classical form The Enjoyment of Music 10 th, Shorter Edition

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The Enjoyment of Music 10 th Shorter Edition The Enjoyment of Music 10 th, Shorter Edition

55. The Rise of Classical Composition in America • European musical tradition • New England School of composition • Amy Beach The Enjoyment of Music 10 th, Shorter Edition

Amy Cheney Beach (1867– 1944) • American composer, educator • Child prodigy • Married Henry Harris Aubrey Beach – Mrs. H. H. A. Beach • Wrote large-scale and smallscale works • European tour The Enjoyment of Music 10 th, Shorter Edition

Amy Cheney Beach (1867– 1944) • • Yearly U. S. tours Leadership positions: – Music Educators National Conference – Music Teachers National Association – Society of American Women Composers • Influenced by: – Brahms and Wagner – French Impressionism – Folk music (Irish, Scottish, English) The Enjoyment of Music 10 th, Shorter Edition

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