The English Renaissance 1485 1660 Holt Mc Dougal

The English Renaissance 1485 -1660 Holt Mc. Dougal Common Core

DO NOW! Quietly THINK about what comes to mind when you hear the word… RENAISSANCE

The Monarchy and the Church. As kings and queens rose to power and as varying forms of Christianity became the law of the land, writers found themselves either _______ celebrated for their work or _________ censured for it. Some writers, including __________________ Sir Thomas ______ and ________________, were More Sir Walter Raleigh even put to death for falling out of favor with the ruler of the day. The Tudors- in 1485, _______ Henry Tudor ______(VII) took the throne. Henry negotiated favorable commercial treaties _______ abroad and built up the merchant nation’s ________ fleet. He also arranged Arthur for his son _______ to marry the Spanish Catherine princess _________ Aragon of ________, politicalcreating a _______ alliance with Spain. When young Arthur died unexpectedly, the pope allowed Arthur’s younger brother Henry (VIII), the new heir to the Catherine throne, to marry ________- a marriage that would have lasting consequences __________.

The Tudor Dynasty Primogeniture- the exclusive right of inheritance belonging to the eldest son. Who is excluded? Monarch- a person who heads a monarchy- a form of govt. where a country is ruled by an individual who typically rules for life and inherits the throne by birth. Catherine of Aragon Young Henry VIII

The Protestant Reformation. Henry VIII _______, During the reign of _______ dissatisfaction with the Roman Catholic Church was Europe spreading in ______. The great wealth and power corruption of the church had led to _______ at many levels, Cardinals friars from _______ living in luxury to ______ travelling the countrysideindulgences selling “_______. ” A Martin Luther German monk named _________ 95 ________ wrote out ____ arguments against door them to the suchnailed practices and _______ of the church. Though the heretic pope criticisms condemned him as a ________, Luther’s _______ created a sensation. Luther wanted the splitting church to reform itself, but other protesters went protestant farther, _______ off from Rome into reformed, ________ churches.

The Protestant Reformation Martin Luther

The Church of England. Henry VIII had at first remained loyal to______, yet he became Rome obsessed with producing a ______ and so sought an male heir ________ from his wife (who had given him only a daughter, annulment Mary). When the pope refused, Henry broke with _______ and in Rome _____ declared himself head of the _______ of _______. 1534 Church He then divorced_______ and married her court attendant, England Catherine ______________. In all, Henry went through ____ wives, Anne Boleyn but sixonly one produced a son- the frail and sickly ______, who succeeded at Edward VIthe age of 9 but died when he was just ______. During Edward’s 15 reign, a group of radical Protestants believed the church needed even more reform. This group became known as _______ would. Puritans increasingly ______ with theclash monarchy. Following Edward, Catherine’s daughter ______ took the throne. To avenge her Mary mother, she brought back ________________ and Roman persecuted _______, which earned her the nickname Catholicism protestants ______Bloody _____. On her death in 1558, most citizens welcomed Mary the succession of her half-sister, ________. Elizabeth

Should religion be tied to Politics? The Renaissance period in England was marked by religious conflict. Henry VIII and each successive monarch held a different view on the country’s official religion. Leaders were assassinated, writers were imprisoned, and the country even endured a civil war over questions of religion. What is the proper role of religion in public life? How can societies reconcile religion and politics?

The Elizabethan Era. Henry VIII ____and Elizabeth I, the unwanted daughter of _______ Anne _______, Boleyn proved to be one of the ablest monarchs in English history. During her long reign, England enjoyed a time of unprecedented ________ and international ______. Elizabeth prosperity prestige was a consummate _______, exercising absolute ______ politician authority while public ________ opinion and respectful of remaining sensitive to ______ Parliament _______. She kept England out of costly wars and encouraged overseas adventures, including Sir Walther Raleigh’s attempt to establish a colony in Virginia. Elizabeth I reestablished the ______ Church of _______, England using it as a buffer between Catholics and Puritans. The Renaissance- literally means “______” rebirth or “_______” revival was a time marked by a surge ofcreative _______ energy and the emergence of a worldview more modern than ________. Medieval It began in _____ Italy and rapidly spread throughout Europe.

Queen Elizabeth I “Gloriana” Henry VIII Anne Boleyn “The Virgin Queen”

The Renaissance Worldview. All through the Middle Ages, Europeans had focused their energy on Religion ________ and the _______. after life During the time of the Renaissance, people became much more interested in ______ life on _______. The ideal “Renaissance man” was not a knight or a monk, earth but a well-rounded person who cultivated his _______ to the fullest. talents Creativity and Exploration-Renaissance Europeans delighted in the arts literature the beauty of nature, human impulses, _____ and ______, exploration, and a new sense of mastery over the world. This was the time of. Shakespeare ________, Galileo and. Columbus ________! Inventions and ________ discoveries made possible things that had been previously unimaginable. Gutenberg’s ______ printing _______ press meant that books no longer had to be copied out by hand; by 1530 more than half of England’s population read could ________. The Renaissance flourished in Elizabethan times, when theater _______ and literature reached new heights. James I contributed to the period’s literacy and legacy with his commissioning a new ______ translation of the _____. bible

Renaissance “Revival” “Rebirth”

Pastoral Poems and Sonnets. Poets and playwrights ______, readers and _______, all delighted in the listeners vigor and ______ language. The beauty of the _________ English glittering _______ Elizabethan court was a focus of poetic creativity. Among the Queen’s protégés were Sir Philip Sidney and ______ Sir ______ Walter _____. Raleigh encouraged ______ Raleigh Edmund _____, Spenser who wrote the epic The ___________(1590) in honor of Faerie Queen ________. Raleigh and his contemporary _________ Elizabeth Christopher _________ wrote excellent examples of a type of poetry popular Marlowe with Elizabeth’s court: the pastoral ______. These poems portray shepherds and _______________ manner. rustic life, usually in an idealized Improving Nature- Nature provided raw material to be shaped into works of art. Elizabethan poets created ingenious metaphors, elaborate _______ complex ______, often with allegories _______, and analogies the strictures of a popular _____ form that came from Italy, the verse sonnet ______. During the Elizabethan times, the sonnet became the most popular form of a _______. The English sonnet Love lyric eventually Shakespearean Sonnet became known as the _________, in tribute to Shakespeare’s mastery of the form.

Why is love so COMPLICATED? Poets of the day put their pens to many different aspects of love: unrequited love, constant love, timeless love, fickle love. What is so fascinating about love? Why does it seem so complicated?

The Rise of Humanism. During the Renaissance, literature reflected another important influence: ________. The universities of humanism Europe buzzed with new ideas-about the worth and importance of the _______, about the spiritual value individual of ______ in nature and ______, about the power beauty art of human reason to decide what was _______ and good _______. Those who taught these new ideas were right called________. Humanists English Humanists- Sir Thomas More saw much to criticize in the way the world was being run; in 1516 he published _______. This book was Utopia about a perfect society on an imaginary island. In Utopia, there was no ______ not even poverty or _______greed private property everything was _______, and shared everyone was _______. equal

Thomas More What is the IDEAL SOCIETY? During the Renaissance, people began to question their society, examining its failings and asking themselves how could it be improved. Utopia What do you think a perfect society might look like?

Spiritual and Devotional Writings. Despite the religious turmoil that marked this period in Christian English history, England remained a ______ King James nation…In fact, the ______________ Bible prose _____likely did more to mold English ______ style than any other works. Two Masterpieces- One of the earliest writers to be influenced by the King James Bible John Milton was the Puritan ______ poet ______________. verse Paradise His epicblank _____-_______ poem _______ Lost ______ is based on the biblical story of the first Adam Eve humans, ______ and ______, who are Satan tempted by ______ to eat the forbidden fruit of the Knowledge tree of _______.

The Metaphysical and Cavalier Poets. In the early 17 th century, two new groups of poets emerged. The first was inspired by the literary man-of-all-trades Ben Johnson (friend and rival to Shakespeare). ___________ Elizabethan Dissatisfied with the romance of ________ lyrics, Jonson imitated the classical forms. Jonson’s followers, Sons Ben called “_____ of ______, ” were sophisticated Robert Herrick young aristocrats, among them __________, Richard Lovelace and Sir John Suckling. These poets were known. Cavaliers as the ______, because many of them took the Charles side of ______I in the civil war. Cavalier poetry dealt with themes of love, war, chivalry… and advocated the Carpeof _____ diem philosophy ______, or living in the moment.

John _____, Donne Jonson’s contemporary, _______ is representative of a second group of poets, Metaphysical poets the_________. These writers unusual imagery, broke with convention, employing _____ metaphors and ______ irregular elaborate ______, physical meter…including themes of death, _______ love religious devotion. Donne’s _______, and ______ intellect passion unique blend of _______ and _______ influenced many other poets, from his own time to the 21 st century.