The English Reformation Henry VIII and Family Protestant

The English Reformation Henry VIII and Family

Protestant Reformation ► Martin Luther accidently splits the church in to Protestants and Catholics ► His beliefs are posted in the 95 Theses § No more Indulgences § People pray directly to god § People read the bible and interpret it themselves (vernacular)

The English Reformation ►A series of events by which the Church in England separated from the authority of the Pope

Henry VIII ► Became King in 1509 at age 17 ► Declared “The Defender of the Faith” by the pope for criticizing Martin Luther ► Wanted to have a son to pass his kingdom to

Catherine of Aragon ► Married to Henry in 1509 ► Widow of Henry’s older brother ► Aunt to the King of Spain ► Spain was the most powerful country in the World

Annulment ► Henry and Catherine failed to produce a male heir ► Henry asked the pope to end their marriage ► The pope refused not wanting to offend King Leo of Spain

Reformation Parliament ► Declared Henry VIII the head of the Church of England ► Henry granted himself an Annulment and became the head of the Protestant Church of England

Anne Boleyn ► Henry’s second wife ► Had one daughter – Elizabeth with Henry, but no sons ► Henry had her executed

Jane Seymour ► Henry married Jane 10 days after Anne’s execution ► Jane had a son, Edward ► Jane died from childbirth

Anne Holbein ► Henry agreed to marry before meeting her ► Henry and Anne did not get along ► The marriage was annulled

Catherine Howard ► Executed on Henry for cheating

Catherine Parr ► Protestant radical ► Henry died in 1547, and she lived on

Edward ► Edward became King at 9 ► His officials made further Protestant reforms ► Edward died at 15

Mary I ► Daughter of Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon ► Attempted to return England to Catholicism ► Known as “Bloody Mary” for killing Protestants ► Died of cancer

Elizabeth I ► Undid Mary’s Catholic reforms ► Moved England further in the direction of Protestantism ► Used her power to support Protestants in other countries fight against Catholic Spain

Spanish Armada Elizabeth supported Privateers (pirates) who attacked Spanish ships ► Phillip II – King of Spain – decided to attack England ► A storm and a lot of luck saved England sunk the armada ► England goes on to dominate the world for the next ~300 years largely because of their superior Navy ►

Catholic Response ► Catholic Reformation § Council of Trent ► Meeting to fix the Catholic Church ► Church’s interpretation of Bible was final ► Need Faith and Good Works for Salvation ► The Bible and the Church were both authorities for guiding Christian Life ► Indulgences were real, but would no longer be sold § Jesuit Order ► 3 Activities § § § Started superb schools Converted non-Christians Fight the spread of Protestantism ► Started by Ignatius of Loyola