THE EMERGENCE OF NATIONALISM LIBERALISM MR MEESTER AP

THE EMERGENCE OF NATIONALISM & LIBERALISM MR. MEESTER AP EUROPEAN HISTORY PAGES: 656 -662

EMERGENCE OF NATIONALISM • NATIONALISM WOULD EMERGE AS THE SINGLE MOST POWERFUL POLITICAL IDEOLOGY OF THE 1800’S & 1900’S • THE IDEA OF NATIONS WAS A PRETTY NEW CONCEPT • IN THE EARLY 1800’S IT WAS A DIRECT RESPONSE TO THE PRINCIPLES OF THE CONGRESS OF VIENNA • NATIONALISM WAS OFTEN LINKED TO POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY

NATIONS & NATIONHOOD • IN THE EARLY 1800’S SMALL GROUPS OF NATIONALISTS SPREAD THE CONCEPT OF A NATION • LANGUAGE, CULTURE, AND HISTORY WERE VERY IMPORTANT • THE PRINT CULTURE OF THE AGE WAS ALSO INFLUENTIAL • NATIONHOOD BECAME A IMPORTANT CONCEPT • REASONS FOR NATIONHOOD VARIED AND THERE WERE SIGNIFICANT DIFFICULTIES FACING THE NATIONALISTS

REGIONS OF NATIONALISM • DURING THE 1800’S SIX DIFFERENT REGIONS SAW NATIONALIST MOVEMENTS THAT CHALLENGED THE OLD ORDER IN EUROPE • IRELAND, GERMAN STATES, ITALY, POLAND, AUSTRIAN EMPIRE, AND THE BALKANS • NATIONALIST ACTIVITY ROSE AND FELL IN THESE AREAS THROUGHOUT THE 1800’S AND BEYOND

LIBERALISM • IN THE 1800’S LIBERAL WAS A LABEL APPLIED TO ANYONE WHO CHALLENGED THE MAINSTREAM POLITICAL, SOCIAL, OR RELIGIOUS VALUES • POLITICALLY, LIBERALS BELIEVED IN THE IDEAS OF THE ENLIGHTENMENT • LIMITING THE POWER OF THE GOVERNMENT, CONSTITUTIONS, ETC. • LIBERALS TENDED TO BE EDUCATED UPPER MIDDLE CLASS, BUT FELT EXCLUDED IN SOME WAY POLITICALLY

LIBERAL ECONOMICS • ECONOMICALLY THEY BELIEVED IN THE IDEAS OF ADAM SMITH’S THE WEALTH OF NATIONS • DIDN’T LIKE GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS • THEY WANTED FREEDOM IN ECONOMICS • EXACT POLICIES VARIED NATION TO NATION • ENGLAND VS FRANCE VS GERMAN STATES

LIBERALISM & NATIONALISM • THE TWO IDEOLOGIES WEREN’T LINKED AND AT TIME ACTUALLY OPPOSED EACH OTHER • SOME NATIONALIST GROUPS ACTUALLY OPPOSED OR WANTED TO CONTROL OTHER ETHNIC GROUPS • OTHER NATIONALISTS HAD NO INTEREST IN LIBERAL IDEAS • OTHERS, HOWEVER, COMBINED THEM TO VARIOUS LEVELS OF SUCCESS