The Electromagnetic Spectrum The electromagnetic spectrum is the

The Electromagnetic Spectrum

The electromagnetic spectrum is the term use for all the wavelengths of light. It includes: 1. radio wave 5. ultraviolet light 2. microwave 6. X-rays 3. Infrared 7. Gamma rays 4. visible light

Light waves are made of electric and magnetic fields that transfer energy as they travel through space.

Some of the light has a lot of energy and has short wavelengths. Some of these waves are shorter than the diameter of an atom. Other light has less energy and longer wavelengths.

Electromagnetic radiation has the properties of both waves and particles. The longer wavelengths, radio to ultraviolet, are truly traveling in waves. The shorter wavelengths, X-rays and gamma rays are best described as particles or photons because they are so small

Radio Waves

Radio Waves The longest wavelength is the radio waves, from thousands of kilometers to a few centimeters in length.

Radio Waves Radio dishes are use to capture radio waves from space.

Radio Waves The prime purpose of radio is to convey information from one place to another through the intervening media (i. e. , air, space, nonconducting materials) without wires

Microwaves

Microwaves are next with a wavelength of a few centimeters to 0. 1 centimeters.

Microwaves We use microwaves to cook food.

Infrared

Infrared radiations are measured in nanometers.

Infrared One nanometer is one billionth of a meter 10 -9 The wavelength of infrared is 0. 1 centimeters to 700 nanometers or 700 billionths of a meter.

Infrared radiations can’t be seen, but can be felt as heat and registers on a thermometer.

Infrared This is the radiation from the sun that warms us.

Infrared In restaurants, infrared lights keeps food warm

Infrared radiation is used in equipment to help people see at night and to detect heat radiation.

Visible Light

Visible Light Visible light is a very narrow band of radiation ranging from 400 to 700 nanometers.

Visible Light is made up of the colors of the rainbow.

Visible Light Red has the longest wavelength and the lowest energy level Violet has the shortest wavelength and the greatest energy level

Visible Light The energy of blue light is used to treat infants with jaundice.

Ultraviolet Radiation

Ultraviolet Radiation U-V Rays has shorter wavelengths than visible light, from 10 to 300 nanometers. It also has high energy levels.

Ultraviolet Radiation This penetrating radiation cause harm to living tissue, resulting to biological systems or irreparable damage to cells

Ultraviolet Radiation It may be harmful in some ways but we still need some UV radiation for it is required for us to produce Vitamin A in our skin to prevent the disesase called rickets

Ultraviolet Radiation It is used also as a sterilizing agent to kill bacteria.

X-rays and Gamma Rays

X-rays and Gamma Rays X-rays have a wavelength in hundred-billionth of a meter range. The shortest wavelength is gamma rays, in the trillionth of a meter range. These wavelengths are so tiny that scientists use the electron volt to describe them. `

X-rays and Gamma Rays An electron volt is the energy that electron gains when it falls through a potential difference, or voltage, of one volt. One electron volt has a wavelength of about 0. 0001 centimeter. The wavelength of X-rays is from 100 electron volts (100 ev) to thousands of electron volts. Gamma rays range from thousands of electron volts to billions of electron volts.

X-rays and Gamma Rays X-rays can penetrate steel walls and gamma rays can pass through a 10 -inch lead plate.

X-rays and Gamma Rays X-rays are produced in special tubes and are used to examine bones and teeth, as these materials do not allow the X-rays to pass through them as easily as body tissue.

The electromagnetic spectrum is the term use for all the wavelengths of light. It includes: 1. Radio wave 5. ultraviolet light 2. microwave 6. X-rays 3. Infrared 7. Gamma rays 4. visible light

Wavelengths 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Radio wave - thousands of kilometers to a few centimeters in length Microwave - few centimeters to 0. 1 centimeters. Infrared – 0. 1 cm to 700 nanometers Visible Light – 100 to 400 nanometers U-V light – 10 to 300 nanometers X-rays - 100 ev to thousands of ev Gamma Rays – thousands of ev to billions of ev