The Effects of Soil Compaction on Radish Growth

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The Effects of Soil Compaction on Radish Growth I. E. , T. G. ,

The Effects of Soil Compaction on Radish Growth I. E. , T. G. , D. H. , M. M. , and Janice Wing Project from STEM Earth Central

Plant Growth Basics Ø Required conditions Water l Nutrients l Soil medium l Sunlight

Plant Growth Basics Ø Required conditions Water l Nutrients l Soil medium l Sunlight l Temperature l Ø Role of pore space in soil

Compaction Ø Modeling human impact on land Vehicles on land l Hiking trails l

Compaction Ø Modeling human impact on land Vehicles on land l Hiking trails l Ø Impact on plant growth

Experiment Hypothesis “Highly compacted soil will hinder plant germination and slow early growth. ”

Experiment Hypothesis “Highly compacted soil will hinder plant germination and slow early growth. ”

Our Experiment Ø 4 soil types Ø 3 degrees of soil compaction Ø Controlled

Our Experiment Ø 4 soil types Ø 3 degrees of soil compaction Ø Controlled environmental conditions Water l Sunlight l Soil volume l Number of seeds l Depth and spacing of seeds l

Experiment Methods Watering Heavy Compaction “Tap-Down” Compaction

Experiment Methods Watering Heavy Compaction “Tap-Down” Compaction

Watering

Watering

Levels of Compaction Note Standing Water

Levels of Compaction Note Standing Water

Measurements Ø Percent germination Ø Growth rate (height)

Measurements Ø Percent germination Ø Growth rate (height)

Germination

Germination

Percent Germination by Date

Percent Germination by Date

Average Seeding Growth Rate

Average Seeding Growth Rate

Radish Growth

Radish Growth

Considerations Ø Standing water Ø Original soil moisture Ø Soil particle size and pore

Considerations Ø Standing water Ø Original soil moisture Ø Soil particle size and pore size l Different soil types

Conclusions Ø Soil compaction reduces percent germination Ø Heavy compaction reduces growth rate

Conclusions Ø Soil compaction reduces percent germination Ø Heavy compaction reduces growth rate

Future Questions Ø Is limited growth due to… Small pore size? l Limited water

Future Questions Ø Is limited growth due to… Small pore size? l Limited water percolation? l Increased pressure? l Anoxia? l

New Skills Learned Ø Manipulating photographs in Adobe Photoshop Elements l l l Filter

New Skills Learned Ø Manipulating photographs in Adobe Photoshop Elements l l l Filter Artistic Paint Daubs Image Transform Distort Composited Layers (to hide leaves) Ø Animated 3 images in Power. Point Result = Growing Radish Ø Hyperlink

The Effects of Soil Compaction on Radish Growth Grows on Mouse Click. Third picture

The Effects of Soil Compaction on Radish Growth Grows on Mouse Click. Third picture appears on delay. Hyperlink I. E. , T. G. , D. H. , M. M. , and Janice Wing Project from STEM Earth Central

New Skills Learned Ø Picture as background Ø Composited Layers Result = Original background

New Skills Learned Ø Picture as background Ø Composited Layers Result = Original background No price tag

Our Experiment Ø 4 soil types Distracting numbers in the background GONE! Ø 3

Our Experiment Ø 4 soil types Distracting numbers in the background GONE! Ø 3 degrees of soil compaction Ø Controlled environmental conditions Water l Sunlight l Soil volume l Number of seeds l Depth and spacing of seeds l

New Skills Learned Ø Use of slide master Result = Easier slide manipulation Greater

New Skills Learned Ø Use of slide master Result = Easier slide manipulation Greater consistency Custom Radish Ø Insert movie Result seen later…

The End Let’s Celebrate!

The End Let’s Celebrate!